scholarly journals Impact of drought on the temporal dynamics of wood formation in Pinus sylvestris

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gruber ◽  
S. Strobl ◽  
B. Veit ◽  
W. Oberhuber
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Wood Formation

scholarly journals Temporal dynamics of nonstructural carbohydrates and xylem growth in Pinus sylvestris exposed to drought

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1590-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Oberhuber ◽  
Irene Swidrak ◽  
Daniela Pirkebner ◽  
Andreas Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Late Wood ◽  
Structural Growth ◽  
Xylem Growth ◽  
Soil Dryness

Wood formation requires a continuous supply of carbohydrates for structural growth and metabolism. In the montane belt of the central Austrian Alps, we monitored the temporal dynamics of xylem growth and nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) in stem sapwood of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) during the growing season of 2009, which was characterized by exceptional soil dryness within the study area. Soil water content dropped below 10% at the time of maximum xylem growth at the end of May. Histological analyses have been used to describe cambial activity and xylem growth. Determination of NSC was performed using specific enzymatic assays revealing that total NSC ranged from 0.8% to 1.7% dry matter throughout the year. Significant variations (P < 0.05) of the size of the NSC pool were observed during the growing season. Starch showed persistent abundance throughout the year, reaching a maximum shortly before onset of late wood formation in mid-July. Seasonal dynamics of NSC and xylem growth suggest that (i) high sink activity occurred at the start of the growing season in spring and during late wood formation in summer and (ii) there was no particular shortage in NSC, which caused P. sylvestris to draw upon stem reserves more heavily during the drought in 2009.

Temporal dynamics of soil fungal communities after partial and total clear-cutting in a managed Pinus sylvestris stand

2019 ◽  
Vol 449 ◽  
pp. 117456 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Parladé ◽  
M. Queralt ◽  
J. Pera ◽  
J.A. Bonet ◽  
C. Castaño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Clear Cutting

scholarly journals Living on the Edge: Contrasted Wood-Formation Dynamics in Fagus sylvatica and Pinus sylvestris under Mediterranean Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edurne Martinez del Castillo ◽  
Luis A. Longares ◽  
Jožica Gričar ◽  
Peter Prislan ◽  
Eustaquio Gil-Pelegrín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Fagus Sylvatica ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Formation Dynamics ◽  
Mediterranean Conditions

Temporal dynamics of the carbon isotope composition in a Pinus sylvestris stand: from newly assimilated organic carbon to respired carbon dioxide

Oecologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Kodama ◽  
Romain L. Barnard ◽  
Yann Salmon ◽  
Christopher Weston ◽  
Juan Pedro Ferrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Carbon Isotope Composition

scholarly journals FEATURES OF WOOD FORMATION IN MIXED SCOTS PINE (PINUS SYLVESTRIS L.) AND SIBERIAN LARCH (LARIX SIBIRICA LEDEB.) PLANTATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Elena Runova ◽  
Irina Chelysheva ◽  
Nikolay Plotnikov ◽  
Ivan Garus ◽  
Igor' Gavrilin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Larix Sibirica ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Conditional Density ◽  
Average Width

The features of physical and mechanical properties of trees (Pinus sylvestris L. and Larix sibirica Ledeb.) are investigated in experimental mixed forest plantations created by sowing in the Irkutsk region. Saw cuts were taken in the butt part of model trees to determine the properties of wood. The studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods on certified equipment. According to the research it has been found that the average width of the annual layers of pine and larch is 3.54 mm and 2.93 mm, respectively. The average number of annual layers in one centimeter is from 3.42 to 3.61 mm, which is 3.24 and 3.73 times less than the average statistical data for these tree species. It allows us to conclude: the width of the annual layer is significantly greater in the first 20 years of forest plant life than in mature state. Strength indicators of the studied samples of pine and larch are lower by 12-30 % than standard ones. During mechanical tests, wood defects were found in the butt part of the larch, which led to the destruction of the specimens. These defects were dormant bud marks and bulging butt, which form at a fairly early age. Conditional density of pine and larch was determined using the Resistograph 4450 instrument for an additional qualitative assessment of wood. As a result of the studies, it can be concluded that strength characteristics of pine and larch in mixed plantations are quite high.

scholarly journals The Effect of Insect Defoliations and Seed Production on the Dynamics of Radial Growth Synchrony among Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. Provenances

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Marcin Klisz ◽  
Radosław Puchałka ◽  
Sławomir Wilczyński ◽  
Władysław Kantorowicz ◽  
Tomasz Jabłoński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Insect Defoliation

The intraspecific variation of climate–growth relationships observed on provenance trials results from among–provenance differences in phenotypic plasticity. Temporal variation in radial growth synchrony among provenances may be modified by adverse climatic/biotic conditions such as drought or insect defoliation. However, these factors can potentially diminish provenance–specific growth reactions and, consequently, prevent the identification of provenances with the highest adaptive potential. Thus, understanding the influence of major biotic conditions on provenance–specific climate–growth relationships seems to be important to anticipate climate change. To determine provenance–specific growth patterns in relation to climate conditions (drought), seed production (reproductive effort), and insect defoliation in a common garden of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), we applied dendroecological techniques to time–series of tree–ring widths and basal area increments. The long–term records of seed production and insect outbreaks from the local Scots pine stands were used to explain the potential effect of biotic factors on the temporal dynamics of radial growth synchrony. During a period of favorable growth conditions, Scots pine provenances showed a decline in inter–provenance synchronicity in growth patterns, while during years affected by severe soil water deficit and insect defoliation, they manifested high uniformity in growth dynamics. The long–term trend in growth synchrony among P. sylvestris provenances depend on both abiotic and biotic environmental factors. This gains significance following an introduction of the appropriate selection of tree provenances for climate–smart forestry.

The effect of mistletoe (Viscum album) on branch wood and needle anatomy of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Ozturk ◽  
Kadir Alperen Coskuner ◽  
Yetkin Usta ◽  
Bedri Serdar ◽  
Ertugrul Bilgili
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Lumen Area ◽  
Needle Anatomy ◽  
Vascular Area ◽  
One Year ◽  
Double Wall ◽  
Branch Wood

ABSTRACTMistletoes are hemi-parasitic plants growing on many tree species. They grow on the tree branches or trunk of a tree and form root-like structures called haustoria that penetrate into the tree, taking up water and mineral nutrients. Mistletoe is capable of causing a variety of effects to its hosts, including changes in wood formation and leaf development. We investigate and discuss the effects of pine mistletoe (Viscum album ssp. austriacum, Santalaceae) on branch wood and needle anatomy of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris, Pinaceae). Parasitized and nonparasitized branches of Scots pine were sampled from host tree crowns of trees growing on the same site. Branches were taken from mid-crown facing south. They were cut at 2 cm proximal and 2 cm distal to the mistletoe on each host branch and at the corresponding position in the case of uninfected branches from the same host. The wood anatomy at proximal and distal parts and the parts at the corresponding position in the non-parasitized section was compared. The anatomy of one-year-old needles from both parasitized and non-parasitized branches was also compared. Mistletoe had significant influences on wood and needle anatomy. The major changes were the decreases in the double wall thickness, lumen area, tangential lumen area and radial lumen area of the tracheids in the wood and a decrease in vascular area in the needles. These results help to understand how mistletoe acts on its host.

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