scholarly journals Cuticular waxes of nectarines during fruit development in relation to surface conductance and susceptibility to Monilinia laxa

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (18) ◽  
pp. 5521-5537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Oliveira Lino ◽  
Bénédicte Quilot-Turion ◽  
Claire Dufour ◽  
Marie-Noëlle Corre ◽  
René Lessire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Surface Conductance ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract The cuticle is composed of cutin and cuticular waxes, and it is the first protective barrier to abiotic and biotic stresses in fruit. In this study, we analysed the composition of and changes in cuticular waxes during fruit development in nectarine (Prunus persica L. Batsch) cultivars, in parallel with their conductance and their susceptibility to Monilinia laxa. The nectarine waxes were composed of triterpenoids, mostly ursolic and oleanolic acids, phytosterols, and very-long-chain aliphatics. In addition, we detected phenolic compounds that were esterified with sugars or with triterpenoids, which are newly described in cuticular waxes. We quantified 42 compounds and found that they changed markedly during fruit development, with an intense accumulation of triterpenoids during initial fruit growth followed by their decrease at the end of endocarp lignification and a final increase in very-long-chain alkanes and hydroxylated triterpenoids until maturity. The surface conductance and susceptibility to Monilinia decreased sharply at the beginning of endocarp lignification, suggesting that triterpenoid deposition could play a major role in regulating fruit permeability and susceptibility to brown rot. Our results provide new insights into the composition of cuticular waxes of nectarines and their changes during fruit development, opening new avenues of research to explore brown rot resistance factors in stone fruit.

scholarly journals Various Patterns of Composition and Accumulation of Steroids and Triterpenoids in Cuticular Waxes from Screened Ericaceae and Caprifoliaceae Berries during Fruit Development

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyol Dashbaldan ◽  
Rafał Becker ◽  
Cezary Pączkowski ◽  
Anna Szakiel
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cuticular Waxes ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Long Chain

Cuticular waxes are primarily composed of two classes of lipids: compounds derived from very-long-chain fatty acids and isoprenoids, particularly triterpenoids and steroids. Isoprenoids can occur in cuticular waxes in high amounts, dominating the mixture of aliphatic long-chain hydrocarbons, while in other plants they are found in trace concentrations. Triterpenoids occurring in fruit cuticular waxes are of interest due to their potential role in the protection against biotic stresses, including pathogen infections, and their impact on the mechanical toughness of the fruit surface, maintaining fruit integrity, and post-harvest quality. The aim of the present study was the determination of the changes in the triterpenoid profile of the fruit cuticular waxes of four plant species bearing edible berries: Vaccinium myrtillus, V. vitis-idaea, and Arbutus unedo of the Ericaceae and the edible honeysuckle Lonicera caerulea of the Caprifoliaceae. Triterpenoids were identified and quantified by GC-MS/FID (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection) at three different phenological stages: young berries, berries at the onset of ripening, and mature berries. During fruit development and maturation, the triterpenoid content in cuticular waxes displayed species-specific patterns of changes. The steroid content seemed to be directly correlated with the developmental stage, with a very typical point of transition between growth and ripening being observed in all the fruit analyzed in this study.

scholarly journals Starch branching enzymes (SBEs) in banana: genome-wide identification and expression analysis reveal their involvement in fruit development, ripening and regulated responses to abiotic/biotic stresses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Miao ◽  
Peiguang Sun ◽  
Jiuhua Liu ◽  
Zhiqiang Jin ◽  
Biyu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Branching Enzymes ◽  
Salt And Drought Stress ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Starch branching enzyme (SBE), which is one of the key enzymes associated with amylopectin biosynthesis, plays important roles in variable biological processes. Despite its importance, SBE is rarely studied in the banana (Musa acuminata L.) which is a typical starchy fruit. Here, a family of ten SBE proteins (MaSBE) was firstly identified through genome-wide characterization in M. acuminata, which could be clustered into three subfamilies. Systematic transcriptome analysis revealed temporal and spatial expression variations of MaSBE genes and differential response patterns under abiotic and biotic stresses in both banana genotypes, Fen Jiao (FJ) and BaXi Jiao (BX). Moreover, MaSBE2.4 was temporally regulated during fruit development and ripening as well as in response to various abiotic/biotic stresses in both genotypes. Specifically, MaSBE2.3 expression level was higher in FJ than in BX following cold, salt, and drought stress treatments, and it was specifically induced by fungal infection in BX. Characterization of hormone- and stress-related cis-acting elements in the promoters of MaSBE genes suggests their multiple biological functions. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the complex transcriptional characteristics of the SBE genes, and demonstrates their crucial roles in improving amylopectin biosynthesis and strengthening stress resistance in banana.

scholarly journals Starch branching enzymes (SBEs) in banana: genome-wide identification and expression analysis reveal their involvement in fruit development, ripening and regulated responses to abiotic/biotic stresses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Miao ◽  
Peiguang Sun ◽  
Jiuhua Liu ◽  
Zhiqiang Jin ◽  
Biyu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Fruit Development And Ripening ◽  
Branching Enzymes ◽  
Salt And Drought Stress ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Starch branching enzyme (SBE), which is one of the key enzymes associated with amylopectin biosynthesis, plays important roles in variable biological processes. Despite its importance, SBE is rarely studied in the banana (Musa acuminata L.) which is a typical starchy fruit. Here, a family of ten SBE proteins (MaSBE) was firstly identified through genome-wide characterization in M. acuminata, which could be clustered into three subfamilies. Systematic transcriptome analysis revealed temporal and spatial expression variations of MaSBE genes and differential response patterns under abiotic and biotic stresses in both banana genotypes, Fen Jiao (FJ) and BaXi Jiao (BX). Moreover, MaSBE2.4 was temporally regulated during fruit development and ripening as well as in response to various abiotic/biotic stresses in both genotypes. Specifically, MaSBE2.3 expression level was higher in FJ than in BX following cold, salt, and drought stress treatments, and it was specifically induced by fungal infection in BX. Characterization of hormone- and stress-related cis-acting elements in the promoters of MaSBE genes suggests their multiple biological functions. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the complex transcriptional characteristics of the SBE genes, and demonstrates their crucial roles in improving amylopectin biosynthesis and strengthening stress resistance in banana.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Three Calcium Products for Control of Peach Brown Rot

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Thomidis ◽  
Thomas Sotiropoulos ◽  
Nikitas Karagiannidis ◽  
Constantinos Tsipouridis ◽  
Ioannis Papadakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Foliar Sprays

The effectiveness of the calcium products Chelan, Power-Ca, and calcium chloride to reduce the development of Monilinia laxa on ‘Andross’ peach (Prunus persica) was investigated. The mycelium growth of M. laxa on potato dextrose agar modified with Chelan, Power-Ca, or calcium chloride compound at concentrations 1, 2, and 4 g·L−1 was significantly reduced in comparison with the water. Chelan, Power-Ca, and calcium chloride applied as foliar sprays did not significantly affect the development of the pathogen on inoculated immature and mature peaches. However, dipping peaches in solutions containing one of the calcium products tested reduced significantly the percentage of M. laxa infection on inoculated fruit.

Identification of Plant Protein Kinases in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses Using SuperSAGE

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ederson Akio Kido ◽  
Pedranne Kelle de Araujo Barbosa ◽  
Jose Ribamar Costa Ferreira Neto ◽  
Valesca Pandolfi ◽  
Laureen Michelle Houllou-Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses

scholarly journals Recent Development on Plant Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Enzymes and Their Functions in Plant Development and Stress Signaling

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Adesola J. Tola ◽  
Amal Jaballi ◽  
Hugo Germain ◽  
Tagnon D. Missihoun
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Stress Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenases ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Abiotic and biotic stresses induce the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which subsequently causes the excessive accumulation of aldehydes in cells. Stress-derived aldehydes are commonly designated as reactive electrophile species (RES) as a result of the presence of an electrophilic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are NAD(P)+-dependent enzymes that metabolize a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aliphatic and aromatic aldehyde molecules by oxidizing them to their corresponding carboxylic acids. The ALDH enzymes are found in nearly all organisms, and plants contain fourteen ALDH protein families. In this review, we performed a critical analysis of the research reports over the last decade on plant ALDHs. Newly discovered roles for these enzymes in metabolism, signaling and development have been highlighted and discussed. We concluded with suggestions for future investigations to exploit the potential of these enzymes in biotechnology and to improve our current knowledge about these enzymes in gene signaling and plant development.

Melatonin induces the transcripts of CBF/DREB1s and their involvement in both abiotic and biotic stresses in Arabidopsis

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Shi ◽  
Yongqiang Qian ◽  
Dun‐Xian Tan ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
Chaozu He
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses
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