scholarly journals STUDIES ON PSEUDORABIES (INFECTIOUS BULBAR PARALYSIS, MAD ITCH)

1933 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Weston Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Spinal Ganglia ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Intracerebral Inoculation ◽  
Bulbar Paralysis ◽  
Nuclear Alterations ◽  
Cardinal Symptom ◽  
In Cells

The histology of pseudorabies differs materially in various animal species. In the rabbit, subcutaneous, intradermal or intramuscular inoculation leads to local inflammation and necrosis. The infection ascends the peripheral nerve (possibly both interstitially and by the axis-cylinders) to the corresponding spinal ganglia and segments of the spinal cord, where primary degeneration of nerve and glial cells takes place. The nerve cell changes are probably responsible for the cardinal symptom of the disease, itching. Death ensues soon after virus reaches the medulla, before visible changes have been produced here. Intracerebral inoculation is followed by characteristic lesions in the meninges, in subpial glial cells and in superficially placed nerve cells. Morbid changes in the lungs are not necessarily related to the presence of virus, but specific lesions may be present. Intranuclear inclusions bearing some resemblance to those in herpetic encephalitis, yellow fever, etc., occur in cells derived from all embryonic layers. The disease in the guinea pig resembles closely that in the rabbit and is modified only by the slightly greater resistance of the animal. In the monkey after intracerebral inoculation, widespread degeneration and necrosis of cortical nerve cells are accompanied by the appearance of specific nuclear alterations in nerve and glial cells, but not in cells of mesodermal origin. No lesions are found in other viscera. In the spontaneous disease in the cow lesions approximate more closely to those in the monkey than to those in the rabbit. In the pig vascular and interstitial lesions predominate, nerve cell degeneration is relatively slight and typical inclusions are not observed. These differences probably explain the benign course of the malady following subcutaneous inoculation in this animal. The lymphatic system, too, participates in the reaction to the virus.

scholarly journals A KINETIC STUDY OF THE NEURON-GLIA RELATIONSHIP

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Hydén ◽  
Paul W. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Vestibular Nucleus ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Lateral Vestibular Nucleus

Kinetic studies have been performed on the activity of the succinate oxidizing enzyme complex in living nerve cells and glial cells after increasing duration of stimulation. The nerve cells and glia of the lateral vestibular nucleus were used. The results show a clear difference between the neuron and its surrounding glia. The nerve cell reacted by highly increasing the capacity of the electron transporting system, reflecting an increased consumption of energy as a function of the stimulation. The glia, in contrast, did not change in this respect.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED CHANGES IN THE BASE COMPOSITION OF THE RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS OF ISOLATED NERVE CELLS AND THEIR OLIGODENDROGLIAL CELLS

1961 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endre Egyházi ◽  
Holger Hydén
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Cent Increase ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Induced Changes

The effect of tricyano-amino-propene, a dimer of malononitrile, on the base composition of the RNA in isolated Deiters' nerve cells and their oligodendroglial cells has been studied using a microelectrophoretic method. Tri-a-p in a dose of 20 mg/kg has the effect of increasing the RNA and protein content per nerve cell by 25 per cent and decreasing the glia RNA by 45 per cent. The RNA base composition of the nerve cells from the control animals differs from that of their glial cells. The guanine of the nerve cell is significantly higher than that of the glia, but the content of cytosine is higher in the glia than in the RNA of nerve cell. The cytosine of nerve cells decreased significantly after tri-a-p administration. In the glial cells the cytosine showed a 20 per cent increase, and the guanine a 25 per cent decrease. Tri-a-p sharpened the difference in RNA composition already existing between the control nerve cells and their glial cells by almost 300 per cent for the guanine and by 400 per cent for the cytosine. The chemical and functional relationship between the nerve cell and its oligodendroglial cells is discussed.

A.F. De Mezer Posthumous changes in nerve cells, detected by staining according to Nissl. —University Izvestiya. 1900, August, No.8

1901 ◽  
Vol IX (1) ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
B. Vorotynsky
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
The University

The work was carried out in the laboratory of the pathological anatomical institute of the University of St. Vladimira. First, the author describes the structure of the nerve cell, which is detected by staining by the Nissl method, and he separately stops at describing the structure of the processes, nucleus and nucleolus.

Modeling the spatiotemporal intracellular calcium dynamics in nerve cell with strong memory effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardik Joshi ◽  
Brajesh Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Classical Case ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Calcium Dynamics ◽  
Intracellular Calcium Level ◽  
Calbindin D ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fractional Parameter

Abstract Calcium signaling in nerve cells is a crucial activity for the human brain to execute a diversity of its functions. An alteration in the signaling process leads to cell death. To date, several attempts registered to study the calcium distribution in nerve cells like neurons, astrocytes, etc. in the form of the integer-order model. In this paper, a fractional-order mathematical model to study the spatiotemporal profile of calcium in nerve cells is assembled and analyzed. The proposed model is solved by the finite element method for space derivative and finite difference method for time derivative. The classical case of the calcium dynamics model is recovered by setting the fractional parameter and that validates the model for classical sense. The numerical computations have systematically presented the impact of a fractional parameter on nerve cells. It is observed that calbindin-D28k provides a significant effect on the spatiotemporal variation of calcium profile due to the amalgamation of the memory of nerve cells. The presence of excess amounts of calbindin-D28k controls the intracellular calcium level and prevents the nerve cell from toxicity.

Relationships between mitochondrial outer membranes and agranular reticulum in nervous tissue: ultrastructural observations and a new interpretation

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-147
Author(s):  
J. Spacek ◽  
A.R. Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Outer Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
In Cells

This study is concerned with extensions of the outer membranes of mitochondria in cells of nervous tissue, and with possible relationships between the extensions and the agranular reticulum. A variety of preparative techniques was applied to a large number of different central nervous tissues (CNS) and peripheral nervous tissues (PNS), using conventional thin sections, thicker sections (100 nm or more) and 3-dimensional reconstructions of serial thin sections. Extensions were commonly observed, particularly from the ends of longitudinally oriented mitochondria in axons and dendrites. Often these had the appearance of, and could be traced into apparent continuity with, adjacent elements of the agranular membrane. In addition to these apical tubular extensions, we also observed and reconstructed short lateral tubular or sac-like extensions and vesicular protrusions of the outer mitochondrial membrane. We discuss and discount the possibility that the extensions are artefacts, consider the structural and biochemical similarities between the outer mitochondrial membrane and agranular reticulum and propose that the outer mitochondrial is part of the agranular reticulum (or a specialized portion of the agranular reticulum). We suggest that the translocation of mitochondria in nerve cells, and probably in other cells as well, involves movement of the inner mitochondrial membrane and the enclosed matrix (mitoplast) within channels of agranular reticulum in continuity, or in transient continuity, with the outer mitochondrial membrane.

Nucleoprotein in the Nerve Cells of Mental Patients: A Critical Remark

1949 ◽  
Vol 95 (398) ◽  
pp. 180-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Meyer ◽  
M. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Critical Remark ◽  
Apical Process ◽  
Brain Material ◽  
Schizophrenic Group ◽  
Recent Monograph

Hydén and Hartelius in a recent monograph (1) described nerve cell abnormalities which they consider to be characteristic of mental disease. Their investigations were based on biopsies obtained during prefrontal leucotomy carried out in 11 psychotic patients, 10 of whom belonged to the schizophrenic group. The biopsies were investigated by means of the ultraviolet microscope and the results compared with brain material from normal patients fixed a few hours after death. Two types of abnormal nerve cells were found in the psychotic patients: one type is narrow and shrunken with corkscrew-shaped apical process and appears dark in the photographs in contrast to the other type which is swollen and appears light in the photographs. Both these cells lacked polynucleotides in their cell bodies and contained only a small amount of other protein substances, as shown by the ultraviolet absorption spectra.

Independence of Protein Synthesis and Drug Uptake in Nerve Cell Bodies and Glial Cells isolated by a New Technique

1971 ◽  
Vol 230 (16) ◽  
pp. 253-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
OTTO Z. SELLINGER ◽  
JULIO M. AZCURRA ◽  
DUANE E. JOHNSON ◽  
WAYNE G. OHLSSON ◽  
ZDENEK LODIN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
New Technique ◽  
A New Technique
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