Calonectria pteridis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
P. W. Crous

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria pteridis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Arachis hypogaea, Arachnoides adiantiformis (62, 687; 63, 4469), Arecastrum romanzoffianum, Asparagus plumosus, Callistemon spp., Cedrella vulgaris, Chamadorea elegans, Cocos nucifera, Collinia elegans, Dryopteris, Eucalyptus spp., Heliconia bihai, Howea spp., Lupinus spp., Melaleuca leucadendron (48, 609), Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, P. oocarpa, Rhododendron obtusum, Scolopendrium sp., Solanum tuberosum (61, 4007), Strelitzia reginae, Washingtonia robusta. DISEASE: Associated with leaf spots and root disease of various hosts. Leaf spot of oil palm on the Ivory Coast (53, 1502; 59, 1835), of Camellia sinensis in Mauritius (41; 358; 53, 1669), and needle blight of Pinus caribaea (61, 6624) have been reported. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa, Australia, Brazil (61, 5172), India, Malaysia (53, 4211), Sabah, U.S.A. (Florida). TRANSMISSION: Probably wind and splash dispersed.

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudospiropes elaeidis (Steyaert) Deighton. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zaire.


Author(s):  
D. Brayford

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Elaeis guineensis (Oil palm). May also infect E. oleifera, E. madagascariensis and E. melanococca. DISEASE: Vascular wilt. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: West and central Africa: Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire. Possibly Colombia. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil or plant material. Potentially by means of seed (52, 4182).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Coconut cadang-cadang viroid. Hosts: Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Corypha elata, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Guam, Philippines, Solomon Islands.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Hosts: polyphagous including coconut (Cocos nucifera), banana (Musa), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and many ornamentals. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu) and North America (Belize, Mexico, USA, Florida).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cercospora elaeidis Steyaert. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Dahomey, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Portuguese Guinea, Rhodesia, Sao Tomé, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Zaire Republic (Congo).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Parlagena bennetti Williams. Hemiptera: Diaspididae. Hosts: coconuts (Cocos nucifera), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Central America and Caribbean (Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Colombia, Venezuela).


Author(s):  
P. F. Cannon

Abstract A description is provided for Ploioderma hedgcockii. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Recorded from Pinus caribaea, P. clausa, P. echinata, P. palustris, P. rigida, P. tueda and P. virginiana. DISEASE: Causes needle blight of pines. The anamorph develops on green needles, and may be responsible for premature shedding (30, 131). This is substantiated in a later report (38, 629), which states that ascomata occur on green needles which turn yellowish throughout their length and are shed prematurely. Ploioderma hedgecockii was implicated in a severe outbreak of needle blight of Pinus caribaea (syn. P. elliottii) and P. tueda in the southern USA in 1970-1 (51, 1989), but was thought to be secondary in importance, the damage principally being caused by Ploioderma lethale (Dearness) Darker and Lophodermella cerina (Darker) Darker. The symptoms described in this report were different, distal portions of the leaves dying, and later becoming brown over their whole length and falling from the tree. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: USA: reported from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia. TRANSMISSION: Unknown. Needles are probably directly infected by the air-dispersed ascospores.


Author(s):  
P. M. Kirk

Abstract A description is provided for Stigmina dura. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: causing minute leaf spots. HOSTS: Cocos nucifera (coconut). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Philippines.


Author(s):  
B. L. Brady

Abstract A description is provided for Acremonium recifei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Man, Aydendron tenellum, Elaeis guineensis, Eugenia aromatica wood, Bertholletia excelsa (rotten nuts), Furcroya gigantea, Allium sativum (garlic bulbs), Cocos nucifera (coconuts) and Eriophyes guerreronis[Aceria guerreronis] (coconut mites on coconuts), Triticum rhizosphere. DISEASE: The type culture was described from a mycetoma of the foot with yellowish-white grains in a Brazilian farmer and has since been reported on several occasions (RMVM 1, 343; 2, 94, 2156; 6, 702; 15, 198). Many of the patients were recorded as developing the mycetoma following injury during agricultural work. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, India, W. Australia, France, Germany.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Mussidia nigrinivella (Rag.) (Lep., Pyralidae). Host Plants: Cacao, maize, oil palm. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Benin, Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Upper Volta, Zaire.


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