Acremonium recifei. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

Author(s):  
B. L. Brady

Abstract A description is provided for Acremonium recifei. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Man, Aydendron tenellum, Elaeis guineensis, Eugenia aromatica wood, Bertholletia excelsa (rotten nuts), Furcroya gigantea, Allium sativum (garlic bulbs), Cocos nucifera (coconuts) and Eriophyes guerreronis[Aceria guerreronis] (coconut mites on coconuts), Triticum rhizosphere. DISEASE: The type culture was described from a mycetoma of the foot with yellowish-white grains in a Brazilian farmer and has since been reported on several occasions (RMVM 1, 343; 2, 94, 2156; 6, 702; 15, 198). Many of the patients were recorded as developing the mycetoma following injury during agricultural work. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, India, W. Australia, France, Germany.

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudospiropes elaeidis (Steyaert) Deighton. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Sao Tome, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zaire.


Author(s):  
D. Brayford

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. elaeidis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Elaeis guineensis (Oil palm). May also infect E. oleifera, E. madagascariensis and E. melanococca. DISEASE: Vascular wilt. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: West and central Africa: Cameroon, Congo, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Zaire. Possibly Colombia. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil or plant material. Potentially by means of seed (52, 4182).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Coconut cadang-cadang viroid. Hosts: Coconut (Cocos nucifera), Corypha elata, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Guam, Philippines, Solomon Islands.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Aleurodicus rugioperculatus Martin (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Hosts: polyphagous including coconut (Cocos nucifera), banana (Musa), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and many ornamentals. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Asia (India, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu) and North America (Belize, Mexico, USA, Florida).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cercospora elaeidis Steyaert. Hosts: Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Angola, Cameroon, Congo Republic, Dahomey, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Portuguese Guinea, Rhodesia, Sao Tomé, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Zaire Republic (Congo).


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Parlagena bennetti Williams. Hemiptera: Diaspididae. Hosts: coconuts (Cocos nucifera), oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Central America and Caribbean (Honduras, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Colombia, Venezuela).


Author(s):  
R. L. Steyeert

Abstract A description is provided for Ganoderma zonatum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Elaeis guineensis, Cocos nucifera, Borassus aethiopum; has been recorded on Sebal palmetto in Northern America. On Dicots it has only been recorded for Eucalyptus but it can develop on dead wood. DISEASE: Like G. boninense causes a base rot on palms in Africa. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Throughout tropical Africa on palms. In America it is recorded from Florida, but is probably distributed in South America. No specimen, however, has been available from there. TRANSMISSION: As no rhizomorphs have so far been detected and, moreover, considering that spore production is abundant the latter appear to be the only means of transmission with the leaf stalk bases as the port of entry into the base of the trees. The possibility of transmission by root contact with infected residues in the soil or diseased plants cannot be excluded.


Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue

Abstract A description is provided for Pestalotiopsis palmarum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Palmae, including Borassus flabellifer, Chamaerops humulis, Capsicum, Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis, Phoenix dactylifera, P. canariensis, Areca catechu, Arenga, Caryota, Howea, Manilkara hexandra, Musa, Roystonia, Diospyros, Eichhornia, Flacourtia, Pimenta, Pinus, rubber, tea. DISEASE: A minor leaf spot probably restricted to the Palmae and reported as causing disease in Areca catechu, Borassus flabellifer, Cocos nucifera, Chamaerops humulis and Elaeis guineensis. Small yellow-brown spots, becoming whitish to grey with a dark brown border, oval, more than 1 cm long and elongating parallel to the veins, sometimes coalescing, with the dark acervuli on the upper surface within the central part. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Andaman Islands, Australia, Bermuda, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Ceylon, Congo Republic, Colombia, Cuba, Diego Garcia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Fiji, Ghana, Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Guinea, Guyana, Honduras, Hong Kong, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Kenya, Laos, Malagasy Republic, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Morocco, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, Papua-New Guinea, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Senegal, Seychelles, South Africa, Surinam, Solomon Islands, Samoa, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Thailand, Uganda, USA (California, Florida), Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies reported.


Author(s):  
P. W. Crous

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria pteridis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Arachis hypogaea, Arachnoides adiantiformis (62, 687; 63, 4469), Arecastrum romanzoffianum, Asparagus plumosus, Callistemon spp., Cedrella vulgaris, Chamadorea elegans, Cocos nucifera, Collinia elegans, Dryopteris, Eucalyptus spp., Heliconia bihai, Howea spp., Lupinus spp., Melaleuca leucadendron (48, 609), Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, P. oocarpa, Rhododendron obtusum, Scolopendrium sp., Solanum tuberosum (61, 4007), Strelitzia reginae, Washingtonia robusta. DISEASE: Associated with leaf spots and root disease of various hosts. Leaf spot of oil palm on the Ivory Coast (53, 1502; 59, 1835), of Camellia sinensis in Mauritius (41; 358; 53, 1669), and needle blight of Pinus caribaea (61, 6624) have been reported. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa, Australia, Brazil (61, 5172), India, Malaysia (53, 4211), Sabah, U.S.A. (Florida). TRANSMISSION: Probably wind and splash dispersed.


Author(s):  
R. L. Steyaert

Abstract A description is provided for Ganoderma boninense. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Mainly palms: Elaeis guineensis, Cocos nucifera, Livistona subglobosa, Casuarina torulosa, Areca spp., and Albizia spp. DISEASE: Very frequent on palm trees. Cause of basal rot of the stipe of Elaeis guineensis and Cocos nucifera. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: From Sri Lanka in the west through Malaysia and Indonesia to the Philippines and the Japanese Island of Kyushyu and Bonin in the north east, Samoa to the east, through eastern Australia to Tasmania in the south east. Apparently widespread throughout the Indonesian and Pacific Islands and at least the eastern states of Australia. TRANSMISSION: Either by air-borne basidiospores or root contact with infected debris in the soil (Turner, 1965).


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