scholarly journals Vitamin B12absorption in the neonatal piglet

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. F. Trugo ◽  
J. E. Ford ◽  
B. F. Sansom
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Natural Analogues

1. The vitamin B12in sows' milk is strongly attached to a specific ‘binder’ protein, which is present in excess. The influence of this ‘binder’ on the uptake and retention of cyanocobalamin and two natural analogues(cobinamide and Co-α-[2-methyladenyl]cobamide) was investigated with neonatal piglets.2. Retention of a single oral dose of cyano[58Co]cobalamin given before 7 d of age was consistently higher with suckled than with early-weaned piglets, as determined by measurement of whole-body radioactivity.3. Efficiency of retention declined with age, more rapidly in early-weaned than in suckled animals; when the dose was given at 14 d approximately 30% was retained by both groups.4. Distribution of the retained cyano[58Co]cobalamin within the body of the piglets was the same in both groups; about half was present in the liver.5. Foraging piglets may ingest adventitious vitamin B12and its analogues, which are present in the sow's faeces and in contaminated litter. The influence of the vitamin B12-binder in sows' milk on the uptake and retention of two non-cobalamin analogues, and the effects of the analogues on the uptake and retention of vitamin B12from 2 to 14 d after parturition, were investigated with early-weaned piglets.6. The analogues were detected in the liver but not in the body organs. They were also present in blood plasma, urine and bile, in high concentration relative to that of vitamin B12. The content of analogues in the liver was very small in relation to the amounts ingested, and much less than that of vitamin B12. There was no indication that the vitamin B12-binder in sows' milk influenced uptake and retention of the analogues, or that ingestion of analogues affected the content of vitamin B12in the body organs and fluids examined.

Abstract 14621: Whole Body Periodic Acceleration (pGz) Induces Anti-Inflammatory Signaling in Brain After Hypoxic Injury

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A Adams ◽  
Anna Pastuszko ◽  
Peter Pastuszko ◽  
David Wilson ◽  
Vinay Nadkarni
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hypoxic Injury ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategies ◽  
Periodic Acceleration ◽  
Pre Treatment

Introduction: Asphyxia is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children, with devastating complications. Asphyxia Cardiac Arrest (ACA) is associated with a generalized systemic inflammatory response, in addition brain injury after cardiac arrest (CA) has been shown to have an inflammatory component. Effective neuroprotective strategies are desperately needed. pGz is a method which moves the body in a repetitive head to foot motion increasing pulsatile shear stress, inducing endothelial nitric oxide (eNO) and increasing microvascular flow to brain, heart and other vital organs. We have shown that pGz applied as a preconditioning (pre-treatment) prior to brain hypoxia ischemia, induces increase in brain anti-apoptotic proteins, and modulated the inflammatory response. Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to determine whether pGz post-treatment after ACA, also modifies pro inflammatory brain regulatory proteins. Methods: Twelve anesthetized neonatal piglets (weight 2.5-3 kg) were subjected to 30 min of 7% FiO2, followed by 7 min of Apnea and resuscitation with recovery in 21% FiO2. Animals were randomly assigned to; recovery for 3 hr (Hyp-Cont) or recovery with pGz beginning 30min after hypoxia for 3 hr (pGz). Another group(Sham) had surgery and anesthesia but no hypoxia. Protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, eNOS, and p-eNOS in cortex were meassured. Results: Hypoxia induced a 38%, 74% and 10% increase from Sham in IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα respectively. In contrast pGz treated animals only had a 4%, 21% increase in IL-1β, IL-6, and a 14% decrease in TNFα from Sham. Activation of eNOS (p-eNOS/eNOS) doubled in pGz treated. Figure [Mean (± SD)*p< 0.01]. Conclusion: pGz post resuscitation in a piglet model of ACA decreases brain pro-inflammatory regulatory proteins. The latter, taken together with pGz’s induction of anti-apoptotic signaling proteins, suggest that pGz can be a simple, novel neurotherapeutic strategy when applied after cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals Effect of diet on the metabolism of labelled tocopherol in sheep

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hidiroglou
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Lipid Extract ◽  
Tissue Uptake ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Grass Silage

1. Eighteen crossbred wethers were allotted at random (six per treatment) to each of the following diets: (1) maize-silage; (2) grass-silage; and (3) chopped hay. After 6 months a single oral dose of D-α-[5-Me-3H]tocopherol was given to each sheep on these three treatments.2. Blood plasma, rumen liquor and urine radioactivity were measured for 4 d and, at the end of this period, the animals were killed and tissue distribution of3H was determined.3. Maize-silage generally contained less α-tocopherol than grass-silage or hay. Tissue uptake of3H was greater on maize-silage than other diets.4. In muscle, spleen and liver, tocopherol concentrations were lower in the maize-silage than the grass-silage fed animals.5. A tendency to higher uptake of radioactivity was recorded at all times in the plasma and its lipid extract of sheep fed on maize-silage than those fed on grass-silage or hay.6. Urine clearance of radioactivity tended to be higher in animals fed on the maize-silage than those fed on grass-silage or hay. This difference of magnitude in urinary excretion was probably related to the rate of metabolism of the ingested radiotocopherol.

Assessment of whole body protein metabolism in critically ill children: can we use the [15N]glycine single oral dose method?

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick A van Waardenburg ◽  
Nicolaas E.P Deutz ◽  
Marije B Hoos ◽  
Nicolaas J.G Jansen ◽  
Bernard K van Kreel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Critically Ill Children ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Dose Method

Sulfametopyrazine: blood levels in neonatal piglets after a single oral dose

1973 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 263-263
Author(s):  
R. Medd ◽  
I. Burrows ◽  
D. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

scholarly journals Retinol and Retinyl Ester Responses in the Blood Plasma and Urine of Dogs after a Single Oral Dose of Vitamin A

2002 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673S-1675S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Raila ◽  
Remo Radon ◽  
Annett Trüpschuch ◽  
Florian J. Schweigert
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Retinyl Ester

Distribution of the anthelmintic drug albendazole and its major metabolites in ovine milk and milk products after a single oral dose

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco De Liguoro ◽  
Francesca Longo ◽  
Gianfranco Brambilla ◽  
Annalucia Cinquina ◽  
Adriana Bocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
The Body ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
By Products

SummaryThe distribution of albendazole (ABZ) and its main metabolites albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO), albendazole sulphone (ABZS02) and albendazole 2-aminosulphone (NH2ABZSO2) were investigated in bulk milk and milk products after administration of a single oral dose of the drug (12·5 mg/kg) to 80 Laticauda sheep. An analytical method was developed for this investigation from an existing procedure used for the determination of these compounds in plasma and digesta samples. No traces of the parent compound or NH2ABZSO2were found in milk or milk products, with the exception of the milk collected 36 h after treatment in which 89 μg NH2ABZSO2/kg was detected. Results indicated that ABZ was rapidly oxidized to ABZSO and then to ABZSO2. These metabolites were found at high levels (1–4 mg/kg) in milk collected within 24 h after treatment. Products derived from such milk also contained high concentrations of the two oxidized metabolites, including up to 5 mg ABZSO/kg in Pecorino cheese. Only small quantities of these two metabolites were found in milk collected during the second day after treatment (range 50–500 μg/kg). They were no longer detectable in milk, collected during the third day after dosing, nor were they found in products made from such milk. These findings confirm that the two polar metabolites ABZSO and ABZSO2were efficiently excreted from the body. Considering that the established maximum residue limit for ovine milk is 100 μg/kg for ABZ plus its metabolites, our results confirmed the appropriateness of the currently prescribed withdrawal time (3 d) after the use of ABZ in lactating sheep. However, considerable levels of ABZSO were detected in milk collected within 24 h after treatment as well as in products and by-products derived from such milk. Owing to the known toxicity of the ABZSO, we stress the need for careful control to ensure adherence to the prescribed withdrawal time.

Blood plasma levels of deoxynivalenol and its de-epoxy metabolite in broilers after a single oral dose of the toxin

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agha Waqar Yunus ◽  
Hana Valenta ◽  
Sherif M. Abdel-Raheem ◽  
Susanne Döll ◽  
Sven Dänicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Plasma Levels
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