scholarly journals A trial of the effects of soya-bean flour and soya-bean saponins on plasma lipids, faecal bile acids and neutral sterols in hypercholesterolaemic men

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Calvert ◽  
Lesley Blight ◽  
R. J. Illman ◽  
D. L. Topping ◽  
J. D. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Double Blind Crossover Study

1. The hypothesis that soya-bean saponins, by binding bile salts in the gastrointestinal lumen, are responsible for some of the plasma-cholesterol-lowering effect of soya-bean preparations, was tested. In a double-blind crossover study 50 g soya-bean flour/d, containing either 22 or 4 g saponins/kg (adjusted by ethanol extraction) was incorporated in biscuits as a substitute for biscuits or bread into the diet of ten outpatient hypercholesterolaemic men over two consecutive 4-week study periods. The diet was monitored to ensure constancy, saponin-rich foods excluded, faeces collected for bile acid and neutral sterol analysis, and blood taken for plasma lipoprotein lipid analysis.2. Neither diet had any effect on cholesterol in any plasma lipoprotein fraction, on fasting plasma triglyceride, or on faecal bile acids and neutral sterols.3. These results suggested that soya-bean saponins are not responsible for the hypocholesterolaemic effect of soya-bean products.

scholarly journals Effects of saponins on bile acids and plasma lipids in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Oakenfull ◽  
Dorothy E. Fenwick ◽  
R. L. Hood ◽  
D. L. Topping ◽  
R. L. Illman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Low Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acid Secretion

1. The effects of feeding isolated saponins on plasma lipid concentrations and on concentrations of biliary and faecal bile acids and neutral sterols were studied in the rat.2. The animals were given one of four diets, i.e. a standard low-cholesterol synthetic diet, the diet+10 g saponins/kg, the diet+10 g cholesterol/kg, the diet+10 g cholesterol+10 g saponins/kg.3. Saponins partially reversed the hypercholesterolaemia caused by the high-cholesterol diet and increased both the rate of bile acid secretion and the faecal excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols. The proportionate contribution of the primary bile acids (particularly chenodeoxycholic) to faecal excretion was also increased by saponins.4. The results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that saponins act by inducing the adsorption of bile acids by dietary fibre.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effects of soya-bean protein and casein on bile composition, cholelithiasis and serum lipoprotein lipids in the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops)

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jaskiewicz ◽  
M. J. Weight ◽  
K. J. Christopher ◽  
A. J. S. Benadé ◽  
D. Kritchevsky
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Vervet Monkeys ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
Bile Composition ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bean Protein

1. Two groups of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus uethiops) were fed on high-cholesterol diets which differed only with respect to the protein source. In one group casein was the only protein source, while the other group received only soya-bean protein.2. Samples of blood, bile and liver biopsy material were collected at the commencement of the study and at 3-monthly intervals until termination 12 months later.3. At the end of the experimental period all the animals (n19) had high plasma cholesterol levels and had developed pigment gallstones, the compositions and weights of which were not related to the protein source or to plasma cholesterol levels. Gallstone weight was related to the presence of acidic and sulphated mucins in gallbladder mucosa. We were also unable to confirm the hypocholesterolaemic effect of soya-bean protein which has been demonstrated previously in rhesus monkeys and hamsters. Bile composition, and plasma lipids did not differ significantly between the casein-fed and soya-bean fed animals. Lithogenic index was below 1 for both groups and did not differ significantly between the two groups.4. No significant difference was found in the severity ofcholelithiasis between the casein-fed and the soya-bean-fed animals.

scholarly journals Comparison of Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Versus Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Fish Oil Supplementation on Plasma Lipids and Lipoproteins in Normolipidemic Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Hong Yang ◽  
Marcelo Amar ◽  
Maureen Sampson ◽  
Amber B. Courville ◽  
Alexander V. Sorokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind

Background: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have both shared and different cardiovascular effects, and commonly used fish oil supplements have considerably varied EPA/DHA ratios. Aims: We compared the effects of fish oil supplements with different EPA/DHA ratios on lipoprotein metabolism. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized cross-over study, normolipidemic adults (n = 30) consumed 12 g/day of EPA-rich (EPA/DHA: 2.3) or DHA-rich (EPA/DHA: 0.3) fish oil for 8-weeks, separated by an 8-week washout period. Results: Both fish oil supplements similarly lowered plasma TG levels and TG-related NMR parameters versus baseline (p < 0.05). There were no changes in plasma cholesterol-related parameters due to either fish oil, although on-treatment levels for LDL particle number were slightly higher for DHA-rich oil compared with EPA-rich oil (p < 0.05). Both fish oil supplements similarly altered HDL subclass profile and proteome, and down regulated HDL proteins related to inflammation, with EPA-rich oil to a greater extent. Furthermore, EPA-rich oil increased apoM abundance versus DHA-rich oil (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Overall, fish oil supplements with varied EPA/DHA ratios had similar effects on total lipids/lipoproteins, but differences were observed in lipoprotein subfraction composition and distribution, which could impact on the use of EPA versus DHA for improving cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals The effect of daily consumption of coconut fat and soya-bean fat on plasma lipids and lipoproteins of young normolipidaemic men

1990 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanthi Mendis ◽  
Ravi Kumarasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
High Intake

The present paper reports the influence on plasma lipids of isoenergetic diets containing 30 YO of energy as fat, with a polyunsaturated: saturated fat ratio of 4.00 or 0.25, consumed for 8 weeks by twenty-five young normolipidaemic males. Approximately 70 % of the fat energy was provided by the test fats: soya-bean fat and coconut fat. During the soya-bean-fat-eating period the total plasma cholesterol level fell significantly compared with baseline values (P< 0.001) and during the coconut-fat-eating phase total plasma cholesterol level increased significantly compared with the soya-bean-eating period (P< 0001).On the soya-bean-fat diet, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol decreased by 15 YO (range 6–35 YO) and plasma triacylglycerols decreased by 25 YO (range 13–37 YO). Results of the present study show that even when the proportion of total fat in the diet is low, a high intake of linoleic acid lowers both total plasma cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, while a high intake of saturated fat elevates both these lipid fractions. Application of regression formulas to the present findings indicates that short-chain saturated fatty acids have a neutral effect on serum cholesterol

scholarly journals Dietary flaxseed lignan extract lowers plasma cholesterol and glucose concentrations in hypercholesterolaemic subjects

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiaobing Wang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Haimei Tian ◽  
Brent Flickinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Glucose Levels

Lignans, derived from flaxseed, are phyto-oestrogens being increasingly studied for their health benefits. An 8-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in fifty-five hypercholesterolaemic subjects, using treatments of 0 (placebo), 300 or 600 mg/d of dietary secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) from flaxseed extract to determine the effect on plasma lipids and fasting glucose levels. Significant treatment effects were achieved (P < 0·05 to < 0·001) for the decrease of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose concentrations, as well as their percentage decrease from baseline. At weeks 6 and 8 in the 600 mg SDG group, the decreases of TC and LDL-C concentrations were in the range from 22·0 to 24·38 % respectively (allP < 0·005 compared with placebo). For the 300 mg SDG group, only significant differences from baseline were observed for decreases of TC and LDL-C. A substantial effect on lowering concentrations of fasting plasma glucose was also noted in the 600 mg SDG group at weeks 6 and 8, especially in the subjects with baseline glucose concentrations ≥ 5·83 mmol/l (lowered 25·56 and 24·96 %;P = 0·015 andP = 0·012 compared with placebo, respectively). Plasma concentrations of secoisolariciresinol (SECO), enterodiol (ED) and enterolactone were all significantly raised in the groups supplemented with flaxseed lignan. The observed cholesterol-lowering values were correlated with the concentrations of plasma SECO and ED (r0·128–0·302;P < 0·05 to < 0·001). In conclusion, dietary flaxseed lignan extract decreased plasma cholesterol and glucose concentrations in a dose-dependent manner.

Effects of dietary saponins on fecal bile acids and neutral sterols, plasma lipids, and lipoprotein turnover in the pig

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
D L Topping ◽  
G B Storer ◽  
G D Calvert ◽  
R J Illman ◽  
D G Oakenfull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fecal Bile Acids ◽  
Neutral Sterols

Comparative effects on blood lipids and faecal steroids of five legume species incorporated into a semi-purified, hypercholesterolaemic rat diet

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima D Dabai ◽  
Ann F Walker ◽  
Ian E Sambrook ◽  
Vernon A Welch ◽  
Robert W Owen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Neutral Sterols

AbstractThe cholesterolaemic effects in rats of a diet (VS) containing Bambara groundnuts (Vignu subterrunea), a popular legume eaten in Nigeria, were compared with diets PV, PS, LC and PL, containing baked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), marrowfat peas (Pisum sativum), lentils (Lens culinaris Medik.) and butter beans (Phaseolus lunatus) respectively. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on hypercholesterolaemic semi-purified diets supplemented with 10 g cholesterol and 5 g cholic acid/kg and formulated to provide 40% of energy from fat, as in a typical Western-type human diet. Legumes were substituted for 330 g/kg of the semi-purified diet on a dry-matter basis, which was modified to maintain the same contribution of energy sources as the control diet C3. Another ten rats were fed on control diet C2, which was similar to diet C3 but with no added cholesterol. The rats were fed for 8 weeks and plasma cholesterol levels were measured at weeks 4 and 8. The diets incorporating the five different legume species produced very Merent cholesterolaemic effects. Diets PV and PL were more potent at lowering raised plasma cholesterol levels than diets PS and LC. Inclusion of the Bambara groundnut into the semi-purified diet resulted in an exaggeration of hypercholesterolaemia. Differences in cholesterol-lowering capacity of the various legume diets in this experiment could not be related to concentrations of faecal bile acids or neutral sterols. However, there was evidence that the inclusion of legumes in the diets reduced the faecal excretion of secondary bile acids

Soyasaponins Lowered Plasma Cholesterol and Increased Fecal Bile Acids in Female Golden Syrian Hamsters

2005 ◽  
Vol 230 (7) ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Ok Lee ◽  
Andrean L. Simons ◽  
Patricia A. Murphy ◽  
Suzanne Hendrich
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Fecal Bile Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cholesterol Status

A study was conducted in hamsters to determine if group B soyasaponins improve plasma cholesterol status by increasing the excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols, to identify group B soyasaponin metabolites, and to investigate the relationship between a fecal group B soyasaponin metabolite and plasma lipids. Twenty female golden Syrian hamsters, 11–12 weeks old and 85–125 g, were randomly assigned to a control diet or a similar diet containing group B soyasaponins (containing no isoflavones), 2.2 mmol/kg, for 4 weeks. Hamsters fed group B soyasaponins had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol (by 20%), non–high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (by 33%), and triglycerides (by 18%) compared with those fed casein (P < 0.05). The ratio of total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol was significantly lower (by 13%) in hamsters fed group B soyasaponins than in those fed casein (P < 0.05). The excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols was significantly greater (by 105% and 85%, respectively) in soyasaponin-fed hamsters compared with those fed casein (P < 0.05). Compared with casein, group B soyasaponins lowered plasma total cholesterol levels and non-HDL cholesterol levels by a mechanism involving greater excretion of fecal bile acids and neutral sterols. Hamsters fed group B soyasaponins statistically clustered into two fecal soyasaponin metabolite–excretion phenotypes: high excreters (n = 3) and low excreters (n = 7). When high and low producers of this soyasaponin metabolite were compared for plasma cholesterol status, the high producers showed a significantly lower total-cholesterol-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio compared with the low producers (1.38 ± 0.7 vs. 1.59 ± 0.13; P < 0.03). Greater production of group B soyasaponin metabolite in hamsters was associated with better plasma cholesterol status, suggesting that gut microbial variation in soyasaponin metabolism may influence the health effects of group B soyasaponins.

The Effect of n-3 Fatty Acids on Lipids and Haemostasis in Patients with Type lla and Type IV Hyperlipidaemia

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (02) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Berg Schmidt ◽  
E Ernst ◽  
K Varming ◽  
J O Pedersen ◽  
J Dyerberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

SummaryPlasma lipids and haemostasis were investigated in 17 patients with hyperlipidaemia before and after 6 weeks supplementation with 6 g n-3 fatty acids. Nine of the patients had type IIa and 8 had type IV hyperlipidaemia. No effect on plasma cholesterol, LDL- or HDL-cholesterol were seen, but plasma triglycerides decreased after n-3 supplementation. Apolipoprotein B increased and apolipoprotein A1 decreased after the oil supplement. The bleeding time was prolonged, but platelet aggregation was unaltered by n-3 fatty acids. Protein C activity increased in type II a and decreased in type IV after the supplement. Fibrinolysis was markedly depressed while von Willebrand factor antigen was reduced after intake of n-3 fatty acids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document