scholarly journals Effects of saponins on bile acids and plasma lipids in the rat

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Oakenfull ◽  
Dorothy E. Fenwick ◽  
R. L. Hood ◽  
D. L. Topping ◽  
R. L. Illman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Low Cholesterol ◽  
Bile Acid Secretion

1. The effects of feeding isolated saponins on plasma lipid concentrations and on concentrations of biliary and faecal bile acids and neutral sterols were studied in the rat.2. The animals were given one of four diets, i.e. a standard low-cholesterol synthetic diet, the diet+10 g saponins/kg, the diet+10 g cholesterol/kg, the diet+10 g cholesterol+10 g saponins/kg.3. Saponins partially reversed the hypercholesterolaemia caused by the high-cholesterol diet and increased both the rate of bile acid secretion and the faecal excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols. The proportionate contribution of the primary bile acids (particularly chenodeoxycholic) to faecal excretion was also increased by saponins.4. The results are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that saponins act by inducing the adsorption of bile acids by dietary fibre.

scholarly journals Male apoE*3-Leiden.CETP mice on high-fat high-cholesterol diet exhibit a biphasic dyslipidemic response, mimicking the changes in plasma lipids observed through life in men

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. e13376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yared Paalvast ◽  
Albert Gerding ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
Vincent W. Bloks ◽  
Theo H. van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat

Effects of diabetes and high fat-high cholesterol diet on plasma lipid levels and on erythrocyte membrane composition

1982 ◽  
Vol 42 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeswararao Bhandaru ◽  
Sathanur R. Srinivasan ◽  
Bhandaru Radhakrisnamurthy ◽  
Gerald S. Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Efficacy of Ganoderma lucidum on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in rats fed with high cholesterol diet

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chow‐Chin Tong ◽  
Yew‐Keong Choong ◽  
Suhaila Mohamed ◽  
Noordin Mohamed Mustapha ◽  
Nor Aini Umar
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Serum HDL-cholesterol-increasing and Fatty Liver-improving Actions of Panax Ginseng in High Cholesterol Diet-fed Rats with Clinical Effect on Hyperlipidemia in Man

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (01n04) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Taizo Uemura ◽  
Satoshi Nakamura ◽  
Masanao Uemiya ◽  
Akira Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Panax Ginseng ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hepatic Lipids

Effects of Panax ginseng on plasma and hepatic lipids were investigated in the high cholesterol diet-fed rats and in patients with hyperlipidemia. Oral administration of red ginseng powder reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride and NEFA*, while plasma HDL*-cholesterol was elevated. Platelet adhesiveness was also reduced by ginseng administration. The plasma lipid-improving actions were also observed in patients with hyperlipidemia. Hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride contents were decreased and phospholipid increased by ginseng administration in the high cholesterol diet-fed rats, corresponding to improvement of the fatty liver.

scholarly journals Consumption of Non-Nutritive Sweetener, Acesulfame Potassium Exacerbates Atherosclerosis through Dysregulation of Lipid Metabolism in ApoE−/− Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3984
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hsin Lin ◽  
Hung-Yuan Li ◽  
Shu-Huei Wang ◽  
Yue-Hwa Chen ◽  
Yang-Ching Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaque ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Hepatic Lipogenesis ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Raw264.7 Macrophages

Obesity is associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, and non-nutritive sweetener, such as acesulfame potassium (AceK) has been used to combat obesity. However, the effects of AceK on cardiovascular disease are still unclear. In this study, high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed ApoE−/− mice had dysregulated plasma lipid profile, and developed atherosclerosis, determined by atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta. Supplement of AceK in HCD worsened the dyslipidemia and increased atherosclerotic plaque, as compared with HCD-fed ApoE−/− mice. Since treatment of AceK in RAW264.7 macrophages showed no significant effects on inflammatory cytokine expressions, we then investigated the impacts of AceK on lipid metabolism. We found that AceK consumption enhanced hepatic lipogenesis and decreased β-oxidation in ApoE−/− mice. In addition, AceK directly increased lipogenesis and decreased β-oxidation in HepG2 cells. Taken together, a concurrent consumption of AceK exacerbated HCD-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion in ApoE−/− mice, and AceK might increase the risk of atherosclerosis under HCD.

The hypercholesterolaemic effect of caffeine in rats fed on diets with and without supplementary cholesterol

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fears
Keyword(s):  
Cholic Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Stock Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Faecal Excretion ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterogenesis

1. The effect of caffeine (2.5 g/kg diet) on lipid metabolism was examined in rats fed on a stock (low-cholesterol) diet or on a cholesterol plus cholic acid-supplemented (high-cholesterol) semi-synthetic diet.2. When caffeine was included in the stock diet fed to rats for 7 d, there was a moderate but significant increase in the concentration of serum cholesterol compared to the levels observed in the control rats. This change can be accounted for by the increase that was observed in the rate of cholesterogenesis in the liver.3. After 25 d of caffeine in the stock diet, hepatic cholesterogenesis was still increased but the concentration of serum cholesterol was now the same as in the control rats. During the experimental period there was a progressive increase in the faecal excretion of neutral sterols in the rats receiving caffeine.4. When caffeine was added to a cholesterol plus cholic acid-supplemented diet, there was a marked increase in the concentration of serum cholesterol but hepatic cholesterogenesis was now reduced.5. Caffeine in the high-cholesterol diet appeared to delay, but probably did not reduce, the absorption of an oral dose of radio-labelled cholesterol. This conclusion was confirmed using rats which had not previously received either caffeine or cholesterol in the diet.6. When the effect of caffeine in the high-cholesterol diet was investigated during a 24 h period, an exacerbation of the hypercholesterolaemia was seen only at certain times.7. After a 4-month period of feeding rats on the caffeine-supplemented high-cholesterol diet, histological examination did not detect any damage to the heart and aorta.8. The metabolic regulations involved in the effects of caffeine in the two diets are discussed and the relevance of the present results to observations made with human subjects is considered.

scholarly journals The fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract reduce serum cholesterol and enhance bile acid biosynthesis and sterol excretion in hypercholesterolaemic rats fed a high-cholesterol diet

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Chijimatsu ◽  
Miki Umeki ◽  
Yuji Okuda ◽  
Koji Yamada ◽  
Hiroaki Oda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Neutral Sterols ◽  
Fat Fraction

We investigated whether the fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract (FCE) could ameliorate hypercholesterolaemia in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. We also explored the mechanism and the components that exert the hypocholesterolaemic effect of FCE. The doses of the fat and protein fractions were equivalent to those in 30 % FCE. The fat and protein fractions of FCE, two major components of FCE, significantly reduced the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels. The fat fraction more strongly reduced serum cholesterol levels than the same level of total FCE. The excretion of faecal neutral sterols increased in rats fed the total the FCE and the fat fraction of FCE. On the other hand, faecal bile acid levels were greater in rats fed the total FCE and the fat and protein fractions of FCE than in control animals. The hepatic gene expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter G5 and cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase was up-regulated by the administration of the total FCE and both the fat and protein fractions of FCE. These results showed that the fat and protein fractions of FCE had hypocholesterolaemic properties, and that these effects were greater with the fat fraction than with the protein fraction. The present study indicates that FCE exerts its hypocholesterolaemic effects through at least two different mechanisms, including enhanced excretion of neutral sterols and up-regulated biosynthesis of bile acids.

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