scholarly journals The effect of vitamin D in rats maintained on diets with different mineral content but with the same calcium to phosphorus ratio of unity

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harrand ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Bone Volume ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Different Levels

1. Eight groups of ten weanling rats were maintained for 60 d on diets containing calcium and phosphorus in the ratio 1:1 (w/w) at four different levels of mineral, namely 0.08, 0.12, 0.24 and 0.36% Ca, with and without the addition of ergocalciferol.2. Provision of vitamin D increased final body-weight except at the highest level of mineral intake. Similarly, increasing the mineral intake increased final body-weight except at the highest level.3. Vitamin D raised the serum Ca concentration at all levels of mineral intake but in the experiment as a whole had no significant effect on serum P concentration. Serum Ca concentration was significantly higher at the two higher levels of mineral intake than at the two lower levels. Increasing dietary mineral caused a progressive increase in serum P concentration, except at the highest level of intake.4. In general, the addition of vitamin D to the diets had no effect on the fresh or dry weights of the humeri; there was an indication, however, that at the two lower levels of mineral intake, vitamin D reduced the fresh weight of bone. The addition of the vitamin caused a reduction in bone volume, and an increase in bone length, bone ash and the ratio of the weight of ash to the weight of organic matter in dry, fat-free bone. With increasing dietary mineral there was an increase in the value of all the bone measurements except bone volume, which was decreased.5. The addition of vitamin D and increasing dietary mineral both caused an increase in tooth mass and ash content.6. The ratios of tooth mass to bone mass, and tooth ash to bone ash were unaffected by vitamin D, but decreased with increasing mineral intake.7. Histological examination of the bones showed that the animals receiving 0.08 % of Ca and P were markedly rachitic although the presence of vitamin D ameliorated the condition. When the dietary mineral intake was raised to 0.12% Ca and P the animals were less severely rachitic and in the presence of vitamin D the bones appeared normal.8. The incisor teeth were abnormal at the two lower levels of mineral intake, but when vitamin D was provided, the histological appearance was improved. When the Ca and P level in the diet was 0.24%, the incisal dentine appeared normal but the apical predentine was slightlywider thannormal; addition of vitamin D produced teeth of normal appearance. The incisor teeth were normal in appearance in the remaining groups.9. These results are compared with those obtained in two previous studies where the Ca to P ratios were 1:10 and 10:1 (Harrand & Hartles, 1968, 1969).

scholarly journals A study of the effect of vitamin D in rats maintained on diets with different mineral content but with the same low ratio of calcium to phosphorus

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harrand ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Different Levels

1.Eight groups of weanling rats were maintained for 60 days on diets containing calcium and phosphorus in the ratio 0·1 at four different levels of mineral, namely 0·08, 0·12, 0·23 and 0·32% Ca, and in the presence and absence of added ergocalciferol.2. Provision of vitamin D increased final body-weight, whereas at the highest mineral intake body-weight was reduced.3. At each level of dietary mineral the serum Ca concentration was raised by vitamin D, whilst the serum P concentration was lowered except when the mineral intake was lowest.4. With increasing mineral intake the serum Ca increased until at the highest intake it declined. Serum P was increased only at the highest mineral intake.5. Measurements were made of bone weights, ash content and volume. Provision of vitamin D increased the fresh weight of bone at all levels of dietary mineral, and the dry weight and ash content were increased except at the lowest level of mineral intake. In general, the higher the dietary mineral the greater was the bone weight and its ash content.6. The presence of vitamin D resulted in an increase in tooth mass and ash content at each level of mineral intake. Tooth mass and ash increased with increasing dietary mineral except at the highest level when there was a decline.7. At the lower levels of mineral intake the ratio of tooth mass to bone mass was greater than at the higher levels of intake.8. Histological examination of the bones revealed no increase in the width of the epiphyseal cartilage in any group. In the group with the lowest levels of Ca and P without vitamin D (0·08% Ca, 0·8% P) the shafts of the femurs appeared thinner and porotic, and the trabeculae were thin; in the group fed the same diets supplemented with vitamin D the shafts were even thinner but less porotic; in all other groups the histological appearance of the bone was within normal limits.9. Changes in the appearance of the dentine were demonstrated in all groups.

scholarly journals A study on the effect of vitamin D in rats maintained on diets with different calcium and phosphorus content but with the same high ratio of calcium to phosphorus

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harrand ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Different Levels

1. Eight groups of ten weanling rats were maintained for 60 days on diets containing calcium and phosphorus in the ratio 10:1 at four different levels of mineral, namely 0.8, 1.19, 2.29 and 3.33% Ca.2. At the two lower levels of mineral intake the provision of vitamin D reduced final body-weight. Increasing the mineral intake increased final body-weight except at the highest level.3. Increasing the dietary mineral content had no effect on serum Ca, but serum P was higher in the groups receiving the two higher levels of dietary mineral. Vitamin D raised the serum Ca level in the rats receiving the two lower levels of mineral, and serum P was raised by the vitamin at all levels of mineral intake.4. Provision of vitamin D at the two lower levels of mineral intake decreased the fresh weight, dry weight and volume of the humerus but had no significant effect on the absolute amount of mineral ash in the bone. Consequentially there was an increase in percentage of ash, overall density and the ratio of weight of ash to organic matter in dry fat-free bone (A:R value). With increasing mineral intake there was an increase in all the bone measurements except volume.5. The presence of vitamin D had no effect on tooth mass or ash content. Increasing the mineral intake caused an increase in tooth mass and ash except at the highest level of intake.6. The ratio of tooth ash to bone ash was very much greater at the lower levels of mineral intake than at the higher levels.7. In the animals on the two lower levels of mineral intake the bones were frankly rachitic, and the presence of vitamin D ameliorated the condition. With increase in mineral intake histological signs of rickets were reduced, but even at the highest level of dietary mineral the epiphyseal discs appeared slightly wider than normal.8. The incisor teeth of animals on the two lower levels of dietary mineral had wide predentine, and the presence of vitamin D reduced the amount of predentine. At the two higher levels of mineral intake the dentine appeared normal when vitamin D was present in the diet.9. Quantitatively, the bones were much more affected than the teeth by a low intake of mineral at a Ca to P ratio of 10:1.

scholarly journals A study in the rat of the interaction between the effects of calcium and phosphorus content of the diet at two different levels and the presence or absence of vitamin D

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harrand ◽  
R. M. Green ◽  
R. L. Hartles
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Incisor Tooth ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Different Levels

1. Four groups of weanling rats were maintained on diets containing either 0.12% or 0.24% of both calcium and phosphorus, in the presence and absence of added ergocalciferol. 2. Increase in mineral intake or the provision of vitamin D increased the final body-weight, with a significant interaction between the two factors. 3. Serum Ca and P concentrations were raised significantly by both the vitamin and the increase in mineral intake without signi ficant interaction. 4. Measurements were made of bone and tooth weights and ash values and of the length of the humeri. For only two measurements was there any interaction between the effect of vitamin D and increase in mineral intake, namely the length of the humeri, and their ash values expressed as a percentage of the dry fat-free weight. 5. It is concluded that in relation to the amount of mineral deposited, the incisor tooth is more resistant to nutritional stress than is the bone.

scholarly journals Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Foltyn ◽  
V. Rada ◽  
M. Lichovníková ◽  
I. Šafařík ◽  
A. Lohniský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Different Levels

The influence of different levels of extruded full-fat soybean (EFFSB) in the diet on growth performance, apparent ileal amino acids digestibility (AIAAD), intestinal morphology, and trypsin activity in digesta of broilers was determined. In the first experiment, two-hundred sixty ROSS 308 male chickens were used to investigate the effect of EFFSB on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and trypsin activity in the digesta and AIAAD. Five dietary treatments were used, containing 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 g/kg of EFFSB. The experiment lasted from day 10 till day 38 of age. The inclusion of EFFSB at the level of 160 g/kg in the diet significantly (P < 0.05) decreased final body weight (2443 g in 0 group vs. 2093 in 160 group) and worsened feed efficiency. AIAAD was lower when diet contained more than 40 g/kg EFFSB. But at the level of 160 g/kg AIAAD increased in several amino acids (threonine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine). Trypsin activity increased with increasing EFFSB in the diets. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in AIAAD between groups 80, 120, and 160. Villus height (groups 0: 966.2; 4: 852.1; 8: 792.6; 12: 836.3; 16: 926.7 µm) and crypt depth (groups 0: 160.1; 4: 134.8; 8: 122.9; 12: 129.5; 16: 134.6 µm) of ileum decreased with inclusion of EFFSB in the diet, but villi/crypt ratio increased. In the second experiment, male chickens ROSS 308 were divided into 4 groups with 2 replicates per 100 chicks each. The groups were fed 0, 40, 80, and 120 g/kg of EFFSB. The experiment lasted from day 10 till day 38 of age. Final body weight (2594 g in 0 group vs. 2624 g in 120 group) was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the diet. The study showed that EFFSB at the level of 120 g/kg in grower broiler diet had no adverse effect on performance.  

Effect of single neonatal vitamin D3 treatment (hormonal imprinting) on the bone mineralization of adult non-treated and dexamethasone treated rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cs Karabélyos ◽  
Cs Horváth ◽  
I Holló ◽  
G Csaba
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hormonal Imprinting ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Old Females

Hormonal imprinting (the first encounter between the hormone and receptor after birth) is needed for the normal development of receptor. Presence of the appropriate hormone in excess, or its absence, as well as presence of hormone-like molecules able to bind to the maturing receptor in this time, can cause faulty imprinting. In this experiment the effect of neonatal treatment with a single dose of 0.05 mg cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) was studied by bone densitometry. The treatment caused significant decrease of body weight in 3-month old females and also significant reduction of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in males. Dexamethasone treatment of 3-month old rats for 10 days increased BMD in males and BMC in females without affecting body weight. The double treatment (vitamin D neonatally and dexamethasone when adult) decreased the body weight of both sexes and increased BMD in males, and BMC, BMD/bw and BMC/bw in both sexes, related to the control or the only vitamin D treated groups. Considering the hormonal imprinting effect of neonatal vitamin D treatment at glucocorticoid receptorial level in other experiments, similar effects also can be supposed for vitamin D itself, manifested in the changes of bone mineralization.

EFFECT OF DIETARY CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND VITAMIN D ON ZEARALENONE TOXICOSIS IN RATS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
T. K. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D

Three experiments were conducted to measure the effects of dietary vitamin D, phosphorus and calcium on zearalenone (Z) toxicosis in female weanling rats Experiments were of completely randomized design and were for 14 days. All diets were supplied to groups of 15 rats with or without 250 μg Z/g feed. Vitamin D was fed at 0, 555, 1113, 2225 and 4450 IU per kg diet. There was no significant correlation between dietary vitamin D level and feed consumption, feed efficiency, plasma phosphorus or plasma calcium. Final body weight was negatively correlated with dietary vitamin D for rats fed both levels of Z. Dietary phosphorus was supplied at 0.00, 0.23, 0.45, 0.91 and 1.40% and this resulted in curvilinear correlations between phosphorus and final body weight, feed consumption and feed efficiency. Plasma calcium concentration was negatively correlated with dietary phosphorus. A positive correlation was seen between dietary levels of phosphorus and plasma concentrations of phosphorus. Calcium was fed at 0, 0.25, 0.58, 1.00 and 2.00% but no effect of dietary calcium was seen on body weights or feed efficiencies, while feed consumption was correlated with dietary calcium but only for those rats fed Z. Plasma concentrations of calcium rose with dietary calcium while there was a simultaneous drop in plasma phosphorus concentration. The plasma changes were more pronounced in those rats fed Z. In all experiments, inclusion of Z in diets caused depressions in final body weight, feed consumption and feed efficiency compared to rats fed the same diet devoid of Z.

Effects of supplementation with different levels of calcium and phosphorus on mineral content of first antler, bone, muscle, and liver of farmed fallow deer (Dama dama)

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tajchman ◽  
Marek Bogdaszewski ◽  
Edyta Kowalczuk-Vasilev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
P Content ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Antler Development

Nutrition is one of the main factors influencing physiological processes, e.g., growth and antler development, in Cervidae. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a possible effect of supplementation with different levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) on the mineral composition of antlers and bones, and its effect on the content of macroelements — Ca, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), and P — in the muscle tissue, liver, and blood of farmed fallow deer fawns. The results show a positive effect of increased doses of Ca and P on body weight at the age of 14 mo. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the content of Ca, Mg, Na, and P in antlers and Ca, Na, and P in bones. The muscle tissue was characterised by a significant increase only in the content of Na, whereas Ca, K, and P levels increased significantly in the liver. In turn, the serum P content decreased significantly. Adequate Ca and P supplementation exerts a positive effect on the mineral composition of bones and whole antlers of farmed fallow deer fawns, and it enhances the concentrations of macroelements in tissues, which may constitute a reservoir used for future development of antlers. It also has a positive effect on body weight.

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