scholarly journals When non-renditions are not the exception

Babel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-500
Author(s):  
Mireia Vargas-Urpi
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Court Interpreting ◽  
Original Message ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
And Function ◽  
Supply Information

Abstract This article seeks to explore the nature and function of non-renditions in a corpus of transcriptions of 55 authentic interpreted court proceedings from Barcelona (the TIPp corpus). By doing so, it establishes a dialogue with Cheung’s (2017) contribution about non-renditions in court interpreting in Hong Kong. The transcriptions of the TIPp corpus were annotated using the software EXAMARALDA following Wadenjsö’s (1998) distinction between “talk as text” and “talk as activity”. Non-renditions were considered a part of “talk as activity”. A distinction was made between justified non-renditions, i.e. those that were used to ask for a pause to interpret, to ask for clarification, to confirm possibly misheard information and to retrieve parts of the original message in case of a lapsus, and unjustified non-renditions, e.g. when interpreters give advice to the defendants or warn them, when they answer on behalf of defendants, or when they supply information not provided in the original utterances. The findings reveal alarming averages of non-renditions in the bilingual parts of the trial (58.3 per bilingual hour), with a higher ratio of unjustified non-renditions. These findings have a clear correlation with the poor working conditions of court interpreters in Spain and reveal an urgent need for professionalisation of this practice in this country.

Términos y Fórmulas Judiciales: Construcción de un Glosario Español - Francés. Elaboración y Proceso

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Laura Rodríguez Galán
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Professional Challenges ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Appeals Court

Resumen: el presente artículo muestra una visión sobre la complejidad de la traducción en el ámbito judicial con respecto al uso de glosarios terminológicos. En el marco de la Justicia es habitual que los traductores e intérpretes judiciales tengan que enfrentarse a toda clase de retos profesionales, por lo que han de estar lo suficientemente preparados, y los glosarios de terminología específica son un recurso de enorme utilidad que facilita la tarea traductora al servir de puente de comunicación entre los intermediarios de la Justicia y los ciudadanos que solicitan sus servicios (demandas, procesos judiciales, apelaciones, etc.), ya sea por vía escrita (traducción de documentos) u oral (interpretación de discursos). La principal hipótesis de la que partimos es la urgente necesidad de crear estos recursos específicos para los traductores e intérpretes que trabajan en el seno de la Justicia, y cuya carencia no hace sino incrementar las dificultades que, sin duda, estos profesionales poseen a la hora de realizar sus tareas de traducción, dada la escasa disponibilidad de tiempo para que puedan elaborar sus propios glosarios terminológicos de consulta. Con este estudio lo que se pretende es mostrar tanto las ventajas como las dificultades de la elaboración de glosarios. Por último, los resultados obtenidos confirman nuestra hipótesis de las ventajas que tiene el hecho de disponer de glosarios terminológicos específicos para el área jurídico-judicial que, sin lugar a dudas, facilitan las tareas de traducción en este ámbito de la Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos.Abstract: the present paper shows a vision about the complexity of translation in judicial field concerning the use of terminological glossaries. In the context of Justice, it is common for judicial translators and interpreters to deal with all kinds of professional challenges. So, they must be sufficiently prepared. Glossaries of specific terminology are a resource very useful that facilitates translator’s task, by serving as a bridge of communication between intermediaries of Justice and citizens who request their services (appeals, court proceedings, lawsuits, etc.), either written (translation of documents) or oral (interpreting of speeches). The main starting hypothesis is the urgent need to create these specific resources for interpreters and translators working within the Justice, and whose lack only increases the difficulties that these professionals have, undoubtedly, when the time to perform their translation tasks, given the poor availability of time to produce their own terminological glossaries of consultation. With this study, to show advantages and difficulties of developing glossaries, that is the intention. Finally, results confirm our hypothesis of advantages to have available specific terminological glossaries in Legal-Judicial area which, undoubtedly, facilitate translation tasks in this context of Public Services Interpreting and Translation. 

Multivariate design and analysis of aircraft HEX under multiple working conditions within flight envelope

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Qihang Liu ◽  
G.Q. Xu ◽  
Jie Wen ◽  
Yanchen Fu ◽  
Laihe Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Optimal Structure ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Weight

Abstract This paper presents a multi-condition design method for the aircraft heat exchanger (HEX), marking with light weight, compactness and wide range of working conditions. The quasi-traversal genetic algorithm (QT-GA) method is introduced to obtain the optimal values of five structural parameters including the height, the tube diameter, the tube pitch, and the tube rows. The QT-GA method solves the deficiency of the conventional GA in the convergence, and gives a clear correlation between design variables and outputs. Pressure drops, heat transfer and the weight of the HEX are combined in a single objective function of GA in the HEX design, thus the optimal structure of the HEX suitable for all the working conditions can be directly obtained. After optimization, the weight of the HEX is reduced to 2.250 kg, more than 20% lower than a common weight of around 3 kg. Based on the optimal structure, the off-design performance of the HEX is further analyzed. Results show that the extreme working conditions for the heat transfer and the pressure drops are not consistent. It proves the advance of the multi-condition design method over traditional single-condition design method. In general, the proposed QT-GA design method is an efficient way to solve the multi-condition problems related to the aircraft HEX or other energy systems.

Resource Mobilisation and Precarious Workers’ Organisations: An Analysis of the Chilean Subcontracted Mineworkers’ Unions

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Manky
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Global South ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Resource Mobilisation

Despite the poor working conditions, between 2003 and 2007 Chilean miners organised the longest and largest strikes in the country since the 1980s, obtaining one of the most important recent victories of the Latin American labour movement. This article uses this experience to illustrate the importance of the links between precarious workers and political activists. Drawing on 18 months of extensive fieldwork conducted at several mining sites in Chile, the article contends that the analysis of precarious workers’ organisations needs to consider workers’ access to different organisational resources, and the role that political parties’ militants play in such access, particularly in the Global South.

“The Red Pastor”

Karl Barth ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 61-83
Author(s):  
Christiane Tietz
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
World War ◽  
God's Will ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

The social circumstances in Barth’s new parish in Safenwil were shaped by the poor working conditions at the town’s two textile factories. Barth soon took public positions on behalf of the workers, what led to the public accusation of a “red Messiah”. He was convinced of the continuity between Jesus’s teachings and the goals of social democracy, becoming a member of the Swiss Socialist Party. During these years Barth’s friendship with Eduard Thurneysen deepened and their joint theological work began. Barth got to know Hermann Kutter and Leonhard Ragaz, the important Swiss religious socialists. The First World War and the support for that war among German theologians, including several of his professors, was a decisive turning point, leading Barth to conclude theologically that human beings should not identify any human cause with God’s will. In 1913, Barth married Nelly Hoffmann. During their time in Safenwil, they had four children.

“No Day without a Deed to Crown It”

Meeting Place ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Pomfret
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Social Division ◽  
The Poor ◽  
International Fellowship ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Chinese Girls

The Ministering Children’s League was founded in Britain in 1885 with the aim of cultivating among children of the rich a desire to feel empathy with the poor and suffering. Examining the work of the league’s branch in Hong Kong in the early 20th century, this chapter argues that the decision by Flora Shaw, the activist wife of the Governor, Sir Frederick Lugard, to include Chinese girls as members broke down the race-bound relations between ‘benevolents’ and ‘beneficiaries’ and, in providing opportunities for Chinese and European children to work together and mingle socially, led to unintended consequences, and complicated the idea that ‘Empire’ was a straightforward story of social division and ethnic segregation. Under the aegis of empire-sponsored philanthropy, children in Hong Kong assumed the spirit of public service while learning to see themselves as part of a multicultural, international fellowship of childhood.

III. Functions of short lifetime structures at large 9: case of nucleic acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Koichi Nishigaki
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Methodological Difficulty ◽  
Short Lifetime ◽  
Transient Structures ◽  
And Function ◽  
Functional Rnas

Abstract The short lifetime structures of nucleic acids are not well studied because of the poor recognition of their importance and the methodological difficulty. In case of proteins, which are a type of single-stranded biopolymers, the essential roles of their transient structures are well established. Therefore, the role of transient structures of nucleic acids is, naturally, of great interest. There have been multiple reports on the function-related unstable (transient) structures of single-stranded nucleotides, though not as many as at present. Recent methodological advances are now enabling us to observe structures with ultra-short lifetime (less than a nanosecond). On the other hand, the biological importance of transient structures of ribonucleicacid (RNA) is increasingly recognized because of the findings of novel functional RNAs such as microRNA. Therefore, the time has come to tackle the structure and function dynamic of RNA/deoxyribonucleic acid in relation to their transient, unstable structures. The specific properties of rapidity and diversity are hypothesized to be involved in unexplored phenomena in neuroscience.

Binding non-signatories to arbitration agreements—who are persons ‘claiming through or under’ a party?

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
Vicky Priskich
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Common Law ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Appellate Courts ◽  
High Court ◽  
Appeal Court ◽  
The Status ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Court Of Australia

Abstract The International Arbitration Acts of the UK, Australia, Singapore, and Hong Kong recognize that third persons who are non-signatories to an arbitration agreement but who are ‘claiming through or under’ a party to the arbitration agreement have the status of a party.1 In the UK and Singapore that status means not only that court proceedings involving such non-signatories may be stayed in favour of arbitration but it also binds them to an award. In Hong Kong that status binds non-signatories to an award. In Australia, that status affects whether court proceedings involving non-signatories are stayed in favour of arbitration. A recent judgment by a majority of Australia’s highest appeal court, the High Court of Australia, in Rinehart v Hancock Prospecting Pty Ltd2 has taken a different approach to that prevailing in England as to the range of persons who are capable of ‘claiming through or under’ a party to the arbitration agreement, thereby significantly expanding the range of disputes involving non-signatories that must be referred to arbitration.3 The issue has not arisen for determination before appellate courts in Singapore or Hong Kong. Rinehart therefore represents an important development in common law jurisdictions, compelling arbitration between a signatory and non-signatory to an arbitration agreement.

The Structure and Properties Research for Sealing Capsule

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1296-1299
Author(s):  
Yong Huan Luo ◽  
Zheng Lin Feng ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Hong Feng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Correlation Model ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Pile Cap

This paper, A research for the sealing capsule which used in the construction of the underwater cap of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Through the introduction of precast pile cap construction, combined with the sealing of the capsule works, and the basic structure of the sealing of the capsule with installation design. We establish correlation model, combined with the actual working conditions, the application of the finite element analysis of the sealing capsules water sealing characteristics simulation. It shows that the sealing capsule can well meet the actual needs of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge underwater cap construction.

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