scholarly journals Charms & Harms: Echinacea

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Joanne Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

SUMMARY MESSAGE: Trials assessing echinacea for prevention and treatment of URTIs report conflicting results and at present there is insufficient evidence to recommend a particular preparation or dosage regimen. The limited data available indicate that echinacea preparations are generally well-tolerated, although allergic reactions may occur. As with other herbal medicines, echinacea products differ in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for efficacy and safety should be considered.

scholarly journals Charms & Harms: Feverfew

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Felicity Goodyear-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
Migraine Headaches

SUMMARY MESSAGE: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of feverfew for prevention of migraine headaches or for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Feverfew can cause mouth ulcers and gastrointestinal upsets and occasional allergic reactions. Health professionals should be aware of the possibility of (undisclosed) use of feverfew in patients on aspirin or warfarin. As with all herbal medicines, different feverfew products vary in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for efficacy and safety should be considered.

scholarly journals Charms & Harms: Noni

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 254
Author(s):  
Felicity Goodyear-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Suspected Adverse Drug Reactions

SUMMARY MESSAGE: Evidence for the efficacy of noni for the wide range of medicinal purposes for which it may be used is not available. Health professionals should be aware of the possibility of (undisclosed) use of noni and its use should be avoided, or at least used only with caution, in patients on warfarin. Suspected adverse drug reactions should be reported to CARM. As with all herbal medicines, different noni products vary in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for efficacy and safety should be considered.

scholarly journals Potion or Poison? Lemon balm

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phil Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
Small Trial ◽  
Healthy Persons

SUMMARY MESSAGE: Evidence to date supports mild relaxant and cognitive enhancing actions by lemon balm in healthy persons, and results from one small trial suggest similar effects in Alzheimer’s patients. However, further studies involving much larger numbers of patients are needed. Evidence is less convincing for its efficacy in digestive conditions or herpes simplex. As with all herbal medicines, different lemon balm products vary in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for dosage, efficacy and safety should be considered.

scholarly journals Charms & Harms: St John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum)

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Adverse Effect Profile ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pharmaceutical Quality ◽  
Moderate Depression

SUMMARY MESSAGE: St John’s wort is about as effective as some conventional antidepressants (NNT=42) including certain SSRIs for treating mild to moderate depression and has a favourable adverse effect profile, at least with short-term use. However, it interacts with several other medicines, including digoxin, theophylline, warfarin and oral contraceptives. As with all herbal medicines, different St John’s wort products differ in their pharmaceutical quality, and the implications of this for efficacy and safety should be considered.

scholarly journals A Novel Paclitaxel Microemulsion Containing a Reduced Amount of Cremophor EL: Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution, andIn VivoAntitumor Efficacy and Safety

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Ke-Chun Wu ◽  
Bing-Xiang Zhao ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Antitumor Efficacy ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Cremophor El ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Allergic Effect ◽  
Injection Product

The purpose of this study was to prepare a novel paclitaxel (PTX) microemulsion containing a reduced amount of Cremophor EL (CrEL) which had similar pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy as the commercially available PTX injection, but a significantly reduced allergic effect due to the CrEL. The pharmacokinetics, biodistribution,in vivoantitumor activity and safety of PTX microemulsion was evaluated. The results of pharmacokinetic and distribution properties of PTX in the microemulsion were similar to those of the PTX injection. The antitumor efficacy of the PTX microemulsion in OVCRA-3 and A 549 tumor-bearing animals was similar to that of PTX injection. The PTX microemulsion did not cause haemolysis, erythrocyte agglutination or simulative reaction. The incidence and degree of allergic reactions exhibited by the PTX microemulsion group, with or without premedication, were significantly lower than those in the PTX injection group (P<.01). In conclusion, the PTX microemulsion had similar pharmacokinetics and anti-tumor efficacy to the PTX injection, but a significantly reduced allergic effect due to CrEL, indicating that the PTX microemulsion overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional PTX injection and is one way of avoiding the limitations of current injection product while providing suitable therapeutic efficacy.

scholarly journals Modern low-molecular-weight heparins in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolic complications in oncourologic patients

2018 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
N. V. Vorobyev ◽  
S. V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Impaired Renal Function ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Antithrombotic Effect ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparins ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic

Oncourologic diseases are accompanied by a risk for subsequent venous thromboembolic complications, which are rated the most dangerous in terms of thrombogenic effect. The article presents a review of the clinical studies of efficacy and safety, and the experience in using of modern low-molecular-weight heparins in clinical practice - drugs of choice for the prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in cancer patients. Particular attention is paid to Bemiparin - a new second-generation low-molecular-weight heparin with a significant antithrombotic effect and improved pharmacological parameters that allow it to be successfully used in patients with impaired renal function in oncourological practice.

The efficacy and safety of a fixed versus titrated dosage regimen of nicotine gum for smoking cessation or reduction in pregnancy

2006 ◽  
Vol 195 (6) ◽  
pp. S89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Oncken ◽  
Bruce Morris ◽  
Ellen Dornelas ◽  
Henry Kranzler ◽  
Stephen Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Dosage Regimen ◽  
Nicotine Gum ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
In Pregnancy

Rilonacept: A Newly Approved Treatment for Recurrent Pericarditis

2021 ◽  
pp. 106002802110364
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Schwier
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Recurrent Pericarditis ◽  
Risk Of Recurrence ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Background Therapy ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of rilonacept for the prevention and treatment of recurrent pericarditis (RP). Data Sources A MEDLINE search was conducted between January 2006 and April 2021 using the following terms: rilonacept, pharmacology, pericarditis, recurrent pericarditis, interleukin (IL) antagonist, and pharmacology; prescribing information was also used. Study Selection and Data Extraction English-language studies assessing pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of IL antagonists were reviewed. Data Synthesis Rilonacept traps IL-1α and IL-1β. In the Phase III trial, rilonacept was associated with a lower risk of recurrence, more persistent clinical response, and higher amount of days with no or minimal pericarditis symptoms, compared with placebo. The median time to pain response was 5 days, and median time to normalization of C-reactive protein was 7 days with rilonacept. All patients receiving rilonacept during the run-in period were able to be weaned off of standard background therapy, leading to transition to rilonacept monotherapy. The most common adverse effects were upper respiratory tract infections and injection site reactions. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice Rilonacept may be used for the prevention and treatment of multiple recurrences in patients receiving background therapy for RP, and reduction in risk of recurrence in adults and adolescents ≥12 years with elevated C-reactive protein. Rilonacept may be considered to wean patients from standard background therapy. Conclusion Rilonacept is a safe, once weekly, subcutaneously administered IL-1 “trap,” indicated for the treatment of RP, and reduction in risk of recurrent pericarditis in adults and children ≥12 years of age.

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