AMPHOTERICIN B TOPICAL EXTEMPORANEOUS PREPARATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NON-DERMATOPHYTIC ONYCHOMYCOSIS

Objective: At present, the nail preparation to cure onychomycosis, caused by non-dermatophyte molds, is not commercially available in Thailand. The physical and chemical stability of amphotericin B (AmB) extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and their in vitro nail permeation was evaluated. Methods: AmB extemporaneous preparations in the presence of 30% DMSO were prepared from a commercial sterile injection product, and cream or hydrophilic ointment. Physical stability was tested at 30°C for 2 months, or using 6 heating-cooling cycles. The chemical stability and in vitro nail permeation of AmB content were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro nail permeation was performed by applying 3.5 mg/mm2 of the tested formulation on nail clippings for 5 consecutive days. Results: The AmB cream and ointment extemporaneous preparations containing 30% DMSO, a permeation enhancer, were homogeneous and pale yellow to yellow cream or ointment. The AmB ointment was stable for up to 60 days. The ointment preparation allows in vitro penetration through nails up to 14.17 μg/cm2. The ointment preparation allows significantly better penetration through than the cream preparation due to the presence of DMSO, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and water in the ointment preparation. Conclusion: The AmB extemporaneous ointment was successfully compounded from a commercial sterile injection product with a beyond-use date of 60 days. The ointment preparation is currently under further investigation for in vivo efficacy.

Research on Injection Products Molding Defects Warping Based on Moldflow

The molding quality of plastic injection products are affected by such factors as mold structure and molding technology in the forming process. If the products have any quality problem, every forming process will have to be reviewed, which will intangibly lead to an increase in workload for mold-related staff and in the costs of production. Based on an example of molding defects warping in the practical production of a PBT plastic injection product, this essay analyzes the molding defects by using Moldflow software, with the aim of optimizing molding scheme and the molding quality of injection products and finally improving the social and economic benefits.

Concurrent Engineering Technology in Injection Product Development

This essay analyzes the concurrent activities in the injection product development. Taking the myopia therapeutic apparatus as an example, the essay gives a designing and manufacturing procedure of the injection concurrent engineering. Conditions of the introduction of concurrent engineering technology are pointed out.

A Novel Paclitaxel Microemulsion Containing a Reduced Amount of Cremophor EL: Pharmacokinetics, Biodistribution, andIn VivoAntitumor Efficacy and Safety

The purpose of this study was to prepare a novel paclitaxel (PTX) microemulsion containing a reduced amount of Cremophor EL (CrEL) which had similar pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy as the commercially available PTX injection, but a significantly reduced allergic effect due to the CrEL. The pharmacokinetics, biodistribution,in vivoantitumor activity and safety of PTX microemulsion was evaluated. The results of pharmacokinetic and distribution properties of PTX in the microemulsion were similar to those of the PTX injection. The antitumor efficacy of the PTX microemulsion in OVCRA-3 and A 549 tumor-bearing animals was similar to that of PTX injection. The PTX microemulsion did not cause haemolysis, erythrocyte agglutination or simulative reaction. The incidence and degree of allergic reactions exhibited by the PTX microemulsion group, with or without premedication, were significantly lower than those in the PTX injection group (P<.01). In conclusion, the PTX microemulsion had similar pharmacokinetics and anti-tumor efficacy to the PTX injection, but a significantly reduced allergic effect due to CrEL, indicating that the PTX microemulsion overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional PTX injection and is one way of avoiding the limitations of current injection product while providing suitable therapeutic efficacy.

Analysis of Forming Defects and Measures to Prevent Forming Defects of Dn40-Type Control Valve

The insufficient filling and shrinkage are often produced in the process of injection molding. These defects cause the production efficiency to reduce and production cost to rise. In this paper, the forming process of Dn40-type control valve is analyzed to find the main reason for such forming defects by using CAE tools and comparing with the good forming process of a Dn50-type control valve. Results show that big difference between wall thicknesses and bad exhaust system in injection mold is the main reasons for insufficient filling. In the meantime, measures to prevent defects are investigated. Modifying the local structure of the injection mold is provided to avoid the defects. Using reasonable parameters in the injecting process and modified injection mold, the injection product have a smooth surface and good forming. The experiment verified the feasibility of the measure for prevention of defects.