Orchard soil management trials. 3. Effect of soil fumigation and soil management on replanted apple trees

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (86) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Annual Application

Apple trees were planted into soil from which old apple trees had been removed. Experimental treatments consisted of pre-plant fumigation, annual application of fungicides to the soil and four kinds of soil management. Improved tree growth and increased yield were obtained with soil fumigation and from weed control and mulching. The economics of these operations is discussed.

Orchard soil management trials. 2. Effect of herbicides and nitrogen on growth and yield of young apple trees in permanent pasture

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Baxter ◽  
BJ Newman
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Narrow Strip ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Young Apple

On two cultivars of young apple trees growing in a permanent pasture, a narrow strip was kept bare with herbicide sprays used either during spring and summer or during the entire year. This increased tree growth, fruit set, fruit yield, and fruit size. Using more nitrogen fertilizer did not compensate for the grass competition and did not increase growth or yield as much as did the herbicide sprays. Most of the applied nitrogen could be accounted for in the increased growth of grass. The herbicide simazine increased tree growth more than other herbicides.

THE TOLERANCE OF YOUNG APPLE TREES TO AMITROLE, DIURON AND SIMAZINE

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Saidak ◽  
W. M. Rutherford
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Annual Application ◽  
Young Apple

The growth of young apple trees was reduced by application of 24 pounds per acre of either simazine or diuron in a 2-year period. Application of 30 pounds per acre amitrole in the same period had no effect on tree growth, although some slight leaf chlorosis was observed. Adequate weed control for the growing season was obtained with a spring application of amitrole 5 pounds per acre and diuron or simazine 4 pounds per acre. Annual application rates of diuron or simazine should not exceed 6 pounds per acre, in order to avoid injury to young trees.

EFFECT OF ORCHARD SOIL MANAGEMENT ON THE GROWTH AND LEAF NUTRIENT CONCENTRATION OF YOUNG DWARF RED DELICIOUS APPLE TREES

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. NEILSEN ◽  
E. J. HOGUE
Keyword(s):  
Ground Cover ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Plastic Mulching ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Leaf N

Bisbee Delicious apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) on Mailing 26 rootstock, planted in 1979 on an Osoyoos loamy sand were subjected, commencing in 1981, to five different orchard soil management treatments including full ground cover, early season vegetation control, total vegetation control, black plastic mulching and shallow tillage. All ground cover suppression treatments decreased leaf K and increased leaf Mg, leaf N and yield. With the exception of early season vegetation control, all ground cover suppression treatments decreased leaf P although P was adequate for initial growth. Declines in soil solution Ca, Mg, and K concentration, 1980–1983, were observed regardless of soil management method. Key words: Apples, M.26 rootstock, leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg, fruit yield

The effect of orchard soil management on the uptake of nitrogen by established apple trees

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Atkinson ◽  
Martin G. Johnson ◽  
David Mattam ◽  
E. Reuben Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Orchard Soil

Cultural practices for enhanced growth of young peach trees

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Glenn ◽  
W. V. Welker
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Complete Fertilizer ◽  
Peach Trees

AbstractA review of orchard soil management effects on tree growth and soil parameters is presented. It shows the gap between present common practices and results achievable in other systems. An alternative soil management system for newly planted peach trees, termed “killed-sod”, is described. This system has improved soil structure and rainfall infiltration and greatly increased early tree growth and yield. A fertilization study has demonstrated that the addition of a complete fertilizer in four different soil management systems could not account for the increased growth resulting from the improved soil environment in the killed-sod system.

Orchard soil management trials. 1. Effect of a weed-free or straw mulched strip on the growth and yield of young fruit trees

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Permanent Pasture ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Total Growth ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Peach Trees

The effects of keeping a strip along the tree row bare with herbicide sprays or mulched with weed-free straw were compared with either permanent pasture or cultivation. Peach trees growing in the straw mulched strips from their second year onwards grew bigger, made more growth, and produced twice as many fruit of larger size in their fourth and fifth seasons. Apple trees growing in a 1 1/2 metre wide mulched strip also made more total growth and yielded twice the weight of fruit in their fifth and sixth seasons than trees growing under cultivation. Mean fruit size of the apples from the mulched trees was larger, and the mulched apple trees carried more blossoms following a heavy crop than did the cultivated trees. Growth and fruit bearing of the peach and apple trees in the herbicide treated plots was intermediate between the control and mulch treatments.

Long-term effects of orchard soil management on tree vigor and extractable soil nutrients

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Neilsen ◽  
E. J. Hogue
Keyword(s):  
Soil Management ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Regimes ◽  
Extractable Soil ◽  
Annual Application

Bisbee Delicious apple trees on M.26 (Malus domestica Borkh.) rootstock were planted in 1982 on a neutral pH, loamy-sand soil and were subjected to five soil management-fertilizer regimes until 1989. Orchard floor vegetation control with herbicides was required to maximize tree growth. Annual application of P at 50 kg ha−1 and K at 100 kg ha−1 from 1984 to 1989 increased extractable soil P and K to the 40-cm depth but did not appear to increase tree vigor. Orchard floor vegetation maintained extractable soil Ca and Mg levels compared to vegetation control treatments. Key words: Orchard floor vegetation management, extractable soil P, K, Ca and Mg

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