A nutritional evaluation of diets containing meat meal for growing pigs. 3. The effects of amino acid, copper and vitamin B supplements

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (42) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Batterham
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Large White ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Meat Meal

A series of experiments measured the effect of amino acid, copper, and vitamin B supplementation of 80 : 20 wheat--meat meal or wheat-meat and bone meal diets for Large White pigs during the growth phase between 18 and 45 kg liveweight. Diets were fed under a restricted feeding system. The addition of l-lysine to the diet increased nitrogen retention, liveweight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and lean content of the ham in experiment 1, and increased liveweight gain and feed conversion efficiency in experiment 2. No response to a lower level of l-lysine was obtained in a third experiment. There was no apparent effect of supplementary dl-methionine, either alone, or in combination with 1-lysine. A 21-fold increase in liver copper levels occurred in pigs supplemented with 250 p.p.m. copper, but no apparent effect on liveweight gain, feed conversion efficiency, or lean in the ham was detected. There was no apparent effect of a supplement containing riboflavin, pantothenic acid, and nicotinic acid on liveweight gain, feed conversion efficiency, or lean content of the ham.

A nutritional evaluation of diets containing meat meal for growing pigs. 6. Amino acid and mineral-vitamin-antibiotic supplements for maize-meat meal diets

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (46) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Batterham
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Cent Increase

Maize-meat meal and maize-meat and bone meal diets were supplemented with dl-tryptophan, l-lysine or a mineral-vitamin-antibiotic (MVA) premix and fed to pigs during the 1s to 45 kg growth phase. Diets were offered at an estimated 145 kcal of digestible energy and 7g crude protein per kg liveweight per day. The basal maize-meat meal diet produced poor growth and feed conversion and the combined addition of all three supplements increased growth by 46 per cent, feed conversion by 21 per cent, and lean in the ham by 4.7 per cent. This effect resulted from responses to dl-tryptophan, the MVA and an interaction between dl-tryptophan and l-lysine, with l-lysine depressing gain and feed conversion in the absence of dl- tryptophan and increasing gain, feed conversion, and lean in the ham in its presence. The basal maize-meat and bone meal diet also produced poor growth and feed conversion, and the combined addition of all three supplements resulted in an 82 per cent increase in growth, a 35 per cent increase in feed conversion, and a 3.3 per cent increase in lean in the ham. Both dl-tryptophan and MYA separately increased growth and feed conversion and combined they had an even greater effect. The l-lysine increased feed conversion and lean in the ham. The l-lysine also increased growth rates on the dl-tryptophan supplemented diets, but this effect was not significant (P>0.05).

Responses to variations in dietary energy intakes by growing pigs 2. The effects on feed conversion efficiency of changes in level of intake above maintenance

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Davies ◽  
I. A. M. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research Council

SUMMARYAllowances of about 1·4M, 1·8M, 2·2M, 2·6M, 3·OM, and 3·4M (M = feed required for maintenance) were compared for pigs growing over the live-weight ranges 20·40, 40·60, 60·80, and 80·100 kg, with feed conversion efficiency (FCE) as the main response criterion.Response to increased digestible energy (DE) allowance was curvilinear; FCE improved rapidly up to 2·2M-2·6M, and changed much less with intakes above 2·6M. It is concluded that optimum FCE occurs at about 2·7M for pigs of 30 kg and at about 3·OM for pigs of 50, 70 and 90 kg.Allowances of dietary DE suggested by the Agricultural Research Council correspond to 2·56M, 2·95M, 3·04M and 3·08M for pigs of 30, 50, 70 and 90 kg live weight, respectively. It appears that these are near to the optima in promoting the best FCE.Changes of −25%, −15%, −5%, +5% and +15% in daily intake around the optimum levels caused FCE to deteriorate by averages of about 13%, 4·5%, <1%, <1% and 4·5% respectively. Daily weight gains would then change by about −34%, −18%, −5%, +4% and +10%, respectively.

scholarly journals The effect of supplementation of liquid and crystalline lysine to barley-distillers solids diet on the performance and carcass quality of pigs

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-567
Author(s):  
Jarmo Valaja
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Level

The response to dietary lysine of liquid or crystalline form was examined in pigs fed on cereal protein dietsover the range of live weight from 25.0 to 95.0 kg. Forty individually fed growing pigs (20 gilts and 20castrated males) were allocated to four isonitrogenous diets consisting of barley, undehydrated distillers solids and a mixture of minerals and vitamins with lysine supplementation of 0.9 or 3.2 g pure lysine per kg DM in liquid or crystalline form to provide 7.1 or 9.1 g/FU total lysine, respectively. The pigs were given feed on a restricted scale twice daily. A high level of lysine supplementation significantly increased the growth rate and improved the feed conversion efficiency (p

Nitrovin supplementation of diets for growing pigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Batterham ◽  
VJ Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research Station

Two experiments were conducted to examine whether the chemical nitrovin, a gudnidine derivative, would promote growth in pigs. In the first experiment, conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Cressy, Tasmania, the addition of 20 p.p.m. nitrovin significantly increased liveweight gain by 5.5 per cent and feed conversion by 5.2 per cent. In the second experiment, conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Wollongbar, N.S.W., the addition of 23 p.p.m. nitrovin significantly increased liveweight gain by 11.3 per cent but had no effect on lean in the ham. Feed conversion efficiency (not statistically analysed) was 10.6 per cent more efficient in pigs supplemented with nitrovin.

Replacement of meat and bone meal with whale meal or whale solubles in pig diets and the accumulation of mercury in the carcase

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (86) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
NW Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Dietary Concentration ◽  
Health Standards

The effects of replacing all or part of the protein supplied by meat and bone meal with whale meal or whale solubles were studied in four experiments with growing pigs fed diets based on wheat and barley. The growth rate and feed conversion efficiency of pigs receiving whale meal were equal to those fed meat and bone meal, whereas the performance of pigs fed whale solubles was inferior. Both whale meal and whale solubles contained mercury which accumulated in the tissues of growing pigs. The level of mercury accumulated was related to the dietary concentration and type of whale product, the period of time during which it was fed, and the type of carcase tissue. Whale meal contained more mercury than whale solubles and produced higher concentrations of mercury in the tissues. The levels of mercury in the tissues of pigs at 45 kg liveweight were lower than those of pigs at 80-85 kg liveweight. When the diets included more than 1 per cent whalemeal or 3 per cent whale solubles, the carcases contained more mercury than is tolerated by the health standards.

A note on dried poultry manure in the diet of the growing pig

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Perez-Aleman ◽  
D. G. Dempster ◽  
P. R. English ◽  
J. H. Topps
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Conventional Diet ◽  
Apparent Adverse Effect

SUMMARYDried poultry manure, produced locally by sterilization and drying, was evaluated as an addition to a conventional diet, at levels of 10, 20 and 30%, for growing pigs from 23 to 85 kg live weight. The 32 pigs remained healthy and the dried manure had no apparent adverse effect on the carcasses.There were significant linear relationships between the amount of manure added to the conventional diet and growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and certain carcass characteristics. For every 10% addition of manure, growth was reduced by 0·02 kg/day, feed conversion efficiency by 0·25 units and killing-out percentage by 0·96. The dried manure contained about 30% crude protein and was a rich source of minerals.

A nutritional evaluation of diets containing meat meal for growing pigs. 2. The effect of level of meat meal or meat and bone meal in wheat-based diets

1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (39) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
ES Batterham ◽  
JM Holder
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Large White ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

Wheat based diets containing 10, 20, or 30 per cent of meat meal or meat and bone meal were fed at a daily rate of 3.5 per cent of liveweight to Large White pigs in the 40-160 lb liveweight range. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility and nitrogen retention were determined on pigs fed the meat and bone meal diets. Increasing the inclusion level of both meat meal and meat and bone meal from 10 to 20 per cent significantly increased the lean content of the ham and tended to improve daily gain and feed conversion. Including meat and bone meal at 30 per cent of the diet resulted in a significant depression of growth rate and feed conversion efficiency between 40 and 160 lb liveweight. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility of the diets containing meat and bone meal decreased as the level of meal increased. Nitrogen retention appeared to be greatest at the 20 per cent level.

Sewage-grown algae as a protein supplement for swine

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Hintz ◽  
H. Heitman
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Algal Diets ◽  
Algal Diet

In two trials with 48 pigs it was found that when algae supplemented with certain B-vitamins replaced fish meal on an equal-nitrogen basis in a diet based on barley and fish meal there was no decrease in rate of gain or feed conversion efficiency. When vitamin B12 was omitted from the algal diet, there was a decrease in rate of gain. There were no consistent differences in carcass characteristics between pigs fed on the algal diets and those fed ondiets containing fish meal. Digestibility studies indicated that algae are low in digestible energy, but their protein is 70% digestible.

Effect of diet containing sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) meal on nutrient utilization and growth performance of indigenous growing pigs

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Malsawmthangi ◽  
R. J. Kukde ◽  
A. K. Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty-four (24) indigenous growing pigs were selected and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups consisting of 6 animals in each group penned individually and provided with the facility of separate feeding and watering to each pig. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) meal (roots and leaves at 1:1 ratio) was incorporated in the diet to replace standard pigs grower ration at 0% (G1), 25% (G2), 50%(G3) and 75% (G4). During the feeding trial of 90 days, it was observed that the average dry matter intake was higher in G2 followed by G3 and G1 being the lowest. The feed conversion efficiency and average daily gain decreased as the level of sweet potato meal increased. However there were no significant differences (P>0.05) among the different treatment groups in regards to feed conversion efficiency and average daily gain. From the digestibility trial, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the digestibility co- efficient of dry matter, crude protein and crude fibre among the different treatment groups. It is concluded that sweet potato meal can replace standard pig grower ration up to 75% without any adverse effect on growth, feed conversion efficiency and nutrient utilization.

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