The Chemistry of Pyrrolic Compounds. LXII. The Oxidative Cyclization of Bilenes-b: Identification of the Expelled Carbon Fragment

1990 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Atkinson ◽  
JJ Brophy ◽  
PS Clezy
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Alcohol Oxidation ◽  
Oxidative Cyclization ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Benzyl Acetate ◽  
Oxidation Level ◽  
Porphyrin Derivative ◽  
Carbon Fragment ◽  
By Products

Oxidative cyclization of the 1,19-dibenzylbilene-b salt (12) with copper(II) acetate in acetic acid/methanol yielded the expected meso-phenylporphyrin (13). Careful examination of the by-products by g.l.c./m.s , revealed the presence of benzyl acetate, indicating the fragment excluded was lost at the alcohol oxidation level. When trifluoroacetic acid was present in the cyclization mixture benzyl trifluoroacetate was the only fragment identified. Heating the meso-phenylporphyrin (13) yielded the cyclic ketonic porphyrin derivative (14).

Confirmatory Tests for Aflatoxin B1

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter John Andrellos ◽  
George R Reid
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Thionyl Chloride ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Three confirmatory tests have been devised to identify aflatoxin B±. Portions of the isolated toxin are treated with formic acid-thionyl chloride, acetic acid-thionyl chloride, and trifluoroacetic acid, respectively, and aliquots of the three fluorescent reaction products are spotted on thin-layer chromatography plates. Standards treated with each of the three reagents, plus an untreated standard, are spotted on the same plate, and after development the spots are compared under ultraviolet light.

Liquid Structure of Acetic Acid−Water and Trifluoroacetic Acid−Water Mixtures Studied by Large-Angle X-ray Scattering and NMR

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (31) ◽  
pp. 9270-9280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Takamuku ◽  
Yasuhiro Kyoshoin ◽  
Hiroshi Noguchi ◽  
Shoji Kusano ◽  
Toshio Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Large Angle ◽  
Liquid Structure ◽  
Acid Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Ray Scattering

A SYNTHESIS OF α-NAPHTHYL-ACETIC ACID AND SOME HOMOLOGUES

1939 ◽  
Vol 17b (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. F. Manske ◽  
Archie E. Ledingham
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Valeric Acid ◽  
Diacetic Acid ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Crude Product ◽  
By Products

In the course of a study of the synthesis of α-naphthyl-acetic acid, a method was elaborated by Dr. A. Cambron that made available large quantities of α-chloromethyl-naphthalene. During the purification of the crude product and in the later stages of the synthesis we have encountered a number of by-products. Among others, these include methyl α-naphthyl-methyl ether, di-α-naphthyl-methyl ether, α-naphthyl carbinol, and 1:5-bis-chloromethyl-naphthalene. The last-named was converted into 1:5-naphthylene-diacetic acid, m.p. 280 °C., via the corresponding nitrile. δ-(1-Naphthyl)-valeric acid, m.p. 84 °C., and ε-(1-naphthyl)-hexoic acid, m.p. 62 °C., were synthesized by standard procedures.

scholarly journals On the asymptotic stability of advection-diffusion equations of mass transport in a bubble column bioreactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2090 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
Paola Lecca ◽  
Angela Re
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Control System ◽  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Bubble Column Reactor ◽  
Dissolved Gas ◽  
Advection Diffusion Equation ◽  
Bubble Column Bioreactor ◽  
Advection Diffusion ◽  
By Products

Abstract This study presents an asymptotic stability analysis of a model of a bioreactor converting carbon monoxide (CO) gas into ethanol through a C. autoethanogenum biocatalyst. The configuration is a bubble column reactor with co-current gas-liquid flows where gas feed is introduced by a gas distributor placed at the bottom of the column. A pure culture of C. autoethanogenum is subsequently injected at the bottom of the column; therein, cells are dispersed in the liquid and consume the dissolved gas and release by-products such as ethanol and acetic acid. Cellular growth and byproduct secretion are affected by spatially varying dissolved gas concentrations due to advection-diffusion mass transports which are induced by the effect of the injection pressure and gravitational force. The model accounts for four species representing the biomass, the CO substrate in the liquid phase, and two by-products - ethanol and acetic acid. Substrate dynamics is described by an advection-diffusion equation. We investigate the asymptotic stability of the biomass dynamics that is a requirement for the system’s controllability, i.e. for the possibility to steer a dynamical system from an arbitrary initial state to an arbitrary final state using a set of controls. The concept of stability of the controls is extremely relevant to controllability since almost every workable control system is designed to be stable. If a control system is not stable, it is usually of no use in practice in industrial processes. In the case of a bioreactor, the control is the biomass and controllability is the possibility of modulating through this control the ethanol production. We present a test for asymptotic stability, based on the analysis of the properties of the dynamic function defining its role as storage function.

Reactions of indole-3-acetic acid derivatives in trifluoroacetic acid

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (22) ◽  
pp. 3945-3948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Bergman ◽  
Eva Koch ◽  
Benjamin Pelcman
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

ChemInform Abstract: Cu(II)-Catalyzed Oxidative Esterification of 2-Carbonyl Substituted Phenols from the Alcohol Oxidation Level.

ChemInform ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (13) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Satyasheel Sharma ◽  
Jihye Park ◽  
Mirim Kim ◽  
Jong Hwan Kwak ◽  
Young Hoon Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Oxidation ◽  
Substituted Phenols ◽  
Oxidative Esterification ◽  
Oxidation Level

Catalytic Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate by Diatomite Supported Waugh-Type (NH4)6[MnMo9O32] •8H2O

2013 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Shu Heng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Catalytic Synthesis ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Benzyl Acetate ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Dosage

Take Waugh-Type (NH4)6[MnMo9O32] •8H2O absorbed on diatomite and prepared supported solid catalyst. The properties of the catalyst were studied through the synthesis of benzyl acetate. The appropriate reaction conditions were obtained by orthogonal test: mole ratio of acetic acid to benzyl alcohol was 2.5:1.0, the catalyst dosage was 1.6g, the water carrying agent toluene dosage was 2.5ml, reaction time was 150min, esterification yield was 87.4%. The catalyst are high catalytic activity and non- polluting, and could be reused.

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