Genetic control of resistance to Kabatiella caulivora in Trifolium subterraneum subspecies yanninicum I. Diallel analysis of variation in disease development parameters

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 927 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Beale ◽  
N Thurling
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Disease Rating ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Efficient Breeding ◽  
Analysis Of Variation

A l0 x 10 complete diallel cross of Trifolium subterraneum subspecies yanninicum genotypes was evaluated for resistance to Kabatiella cauliuoua as F2 swards. Analysis of variance of the diallel cross data indicated that variation in 10 October disease score, total disease development (TDD), rate of disease development (Rate) and time to 50% of maximum disease rating (Delay) were heritable. Coefficients of regression of Wr on Vr were significantly greater than zero but not significantly different from a value of 1 for all four disease parameters. Although this evidence is not conclusive, it does suggest that gene interactions are relatively unimportant. Most non-additive gene action could be attributed to dominance effects and, in terms of both 10 October disease score and total disease development (TDD), a high proportion of alleles conferring resistance were dominant. No clear relationship between phenotype and relative proportions of dominant and recessive alleles was evident for either Rate or Delay. Estimates of dominance variance components were, with the exception of Delay, substantially greater than the additive genetic component. Values of F were positive for all parameters and, except for Delay, values of v(H1/D) were greater than 1, which indicated that dominant alleles are more frequent than recessive alleles among the parents and that dominance is complete at those loci exhibiting dominance. Heritabilities (broad and narrow sense) were substantially greater for TDD and 10 October disease score than for Rate and Delay. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to the development of efficient breeding strategies.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF CHARACTERISTICS IN INDIAN MUSTARD

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-689
Author(s):  
Shree Pal Singh ◽  
Dharampal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Additive Gene

A complete diallel cross involving four experimental strains and six standard cultivars of Indian mustard. Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss., was investigated for the inheritance of leaf length and leaf width. Considerable heterosis and heterobeltiosis were found in certain hybrid combinations for both characters. Several crosses exceeded the performance of the best cultivar. Partial dominance for leaf length and overdominance for leaf width were observed. Highly significant additive gene effects were found for both characters bur only about one third of the total variance exhibited by leaf length and about one sixth of that by leaf width may be ascribed to this component. The correlation between the two characters was positive. It was concluded that breeding programs should put more emphasis on leaf length rather than leaf width for effective manipulations of leaf size.

scholarly journals DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF TOLERANCE TO DROUGHT IN COWPEA GENOTYPES

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERINA VITÓRIO RODRIGUES ◽  
KAESEL JACKSON DAMASCENO-SILVA ◽  
MAURISRAEL DE MOURA ROCHA ◽  
EDSON ALVES BASTOS ◽  
ADRIANO DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Block Experiment

ABSTRACT The low use of technologies by farmers and the occurrence of biotic and abiotic stresses are limiting factors for cowpea production in the Brazilian Northeast region. The tolerance of genotypes to drought is an alternative to decrease the negative effects of stresses on cowpea production. Thus, the objective of this work was to identify parents and combinations of cowpea genotypes with high probability of generating segregating populations with tolerance to drought. Six cowpea genotypes were crossed in a complete diallel cross design, totaling 30 F2 populations, which were evaluated together with their parents in an experiment under water deficit at the experimental field of the Embrapa Mid-North, Teresina, State of Piauí, Brazil. A triple lattice incomplete block experiment design was used, with three replications, with experimental plot consisting of six 2-m plant rows. Fifteen plants per plot were sampled to evaluate their agronomic characteristics, whose results were subjected to analysis of variance and means were used to estimate the general and specific combining abilities. The genotypes showed significant differences in all characteristics evaluated, denoting the genetic variability of the population. The additive effects were more important than the non-additive effects, and maternal inheritance was detected. The genotypes BRS Xiquexique, Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2 and MNC99-510F-16-1 were the most promising for use in recurrent selection programs for tolerance to water deficit. The hybrid combinations (1) BRS Paraguaçu X (4) CNCx-698-128G, (2) Pingo-de-Ouro-1-2 X (3) BRS Xiquexique, (3) BRS Xiquexique X (5) Santo-Inácio, (4) CNCx-698-128G X (6) MNC99-510F-16-1 and (5) Santo-Inácio X (4) CNCx-698-128G showed potential for generating superior lineages regarding bean production and tolerance to water deficit.

Diallel analysis of resistance in maize to Fasarium graminearum infection via the silk

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
D. E. Mather ◽  
R. I. Hamilton ◽  
A. T. Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Disease Rating

Thirty-seven maize inbreds and a diallel cross of 12 inbreds selected from the 37 were evaluated at each of two locations for resistance to Fusarium graminearum ear rot infection via the silk and/or silk channel. Artificial inoculation was accomplished with a spore suspension injected into the silk channel of individual ears. Mean disease ratings, made on a scale of 1–7, revealed that most of the 37 inbreds were susceptible. Twelve of the inbreds, chosen to represent a range of susceptibility, were intercrossed in a complete diallel arrangement. Disease incidence and severity in the parents, crosses and reciprocals were evaluated in two environments. Genotype, general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were significant for both mean disease rating and disease incidence data. The GCA effects of the parents were correlated both to mean disease ratings and to disease incidence, with the most resistant parent, CO272, having the largest negative GCA. The performance of all hybrids could not be predicted simply on the basis of the performance or GCA of the parents. Reciprocal differences for mean disease ratings were significant in one environment. Four inbreds were identified as having significant GCA for resistance to F. graminearum infection via the silk.Key words: Maize, corn, diallel, resistance, Fusarium graminearum, silk

scholarly journals Diallel analysis of seven quantitative traits in deshi jute (Corchorus capsularis L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Rahima Khatun ◽  
RH Sarker ◽  
MA Sobhan
Keyword(s):  
Dominance Effect ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Genetic Constitution ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Additive Gene

Genetic constitution of yield and its associated traits of Corchorus capsularis L. was investigated using a 10 × 10 full diallel cross experiment. Additive gene action system with partial dominance was predominat for plant height, technical height, base diameter and number of nodes in F1. Non-allellic interaction was involved in the inheritance of bark weight and stick weight in F2. The Vr - Wr graph for bark weight and fibre weight of F1 and F2 showed an additive genetic system with dominance effect. The parents Acc. 4087 and var. A-38 possessed maximum number of dominant alleles for most of the characters. Acc.1833 possessed an excess of recessive genes for all the characters. Key words: Diallel analysis; Inheritance; Dominance effect; Corchorus capsularisDOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i2.7299 Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 137-141, 2010 (December)

Genetic control of flowering time in subterranean clover

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
BH Tan
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Quantitative Inheritance ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Asymmetrically Distributed

The quantitative inheritance of flowering time in autumn-sown subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L. ssp. subterraneum) was studied in a 13 x 13 diallel cross in a Mediterranean-type environment. Flowering time was shown to be highly heritable with a low average degree of dominance, which was predominantly in the direction of earliness. Covariance/variance ( Wr/Vr) regression analysis indicated early flowering to be conditioned mostly by dominant alleles, and lateness mostly by recessives. The alleles were slightly asymmetrically distributed among the parents, with recessives marginally in excess. Inadequacy of the additive-dominance model, on which the Birmingham diallel analysis is based, was detected by a significant departure from unity of the joint regression coefficient and the heterogeneity among arrays of (Wr Vr) values, which could be ascribed to and overcome by omitting two late-flowering parents from the diallel cross.

scholarly journals DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF GROWTH TRAITS IN MICE

Genetics ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
M G Jamison ◽  
J M White ◽  
W E Vinson ◽  
K Hinkelmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross

ABSTRACT Two replications of a complete diallel cross experiment were performed among four partially inbred lines of mice. These inbred lines originated from a random-bred ICR strain and were produced by 12 generations of full sibbing (F ≃ 92%). Individual body weight was recorded for each animal at 12, 21, 42 and 56 days of age. Body weight gain traits were examined for intervals 12-21, 21-42 and 42-56 days. Simultaneous least squares analyses of inbred and linecrossed groups were used. Sex differences were highly significant for all traits. Replicate differences were significant but made a small contribution to the total variation. Inbred lines differed greatly. Crosses showed growth trends similar to their contemporary maternal and paternal inbreds. Heterosis was highly significant for all traits except 21-day weight. Inbreds were heavier at 12 days of age, but linecrossed progeny were superior to inbreds for all post-weaning weights. General combining ability was highly significant for 12- and 56-day weights and 21-42-day gain. Specific combining ability was highly significant for 21-day weight, 12-21- and 42-56-day gain. Significant maternal effects were found for all individual weights but not for 12-21- and 21-42-day gain. Residual reciprocal effects were significant for all traits. Estimated variances among linecrossed groups contained a large maternal component, a fluctuating additive genetic component and consistent non-additive genetic influence on all growth parameters measured.

COMBINING ABILITY FOR KERNEL PLUMPNESS IN A DIALLEL CROSS OF FIVE CANADIAN BARLEY CULTIVARS

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. BRIGGS
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

A complete diallel cross of Bonanza, Conquest, Galt, Jubilee, and Olli barley was made and the parents, F1 and F2 bulks, were subjected to a kernel-sizing procedure, using five different standard sieves. Mean values for the P, F1, and F2 were obtained and heritabilities and estimates of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were calculated. Reciprocal effects were not significant in either F1 or F2. For the F1 data significant differences could only be found on the 19 × 2.4-mm (3/4 × 6/64-inch) sieve. Only GCA was significant for the F1, suggesting additive gene action. By contrast, in the F2 GCA was highly significant for all sieve sizes from 19 × 2.2 mm (3/4 × 11/128 inch) upwards, and SCA was significant on those of size 19 × 2.4 mm (3/4 × 6/64 inch) upwards. For the F2 on the 2.4-mm (6/64-inch) screen, the SCA effect exceeded the GCA effect in magnitude, and was in a negative direction, contributing to the two cases of negative heterosis for kernel plumpness. No significant positive heterosis was found in F2, and F2 bulks were normally intermediate in value to their parents. The amount of SCA effect was unrelated to the degree of similarity of the parents by pedigree, or to whether they were malting or feed types. Bonanza, Conquest, and Jubilee were significantly plumper than Galt and Olli, and Olli transmitted its less plump kernel type to the F2 generation, as indicated by its large negative GCA effect. None of the other cultivars exhibited significant GCA effects. Little progress in increasing kernel plumpness can be expected from crosses between these cultivars, as heritabilities were also generally low.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF LEAF NUMBER AND DURATION TO MID-SILK IN MAIZE

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. N. A. Bonaparte
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Effective Factor ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

The diallel cross technique was used to study the mode of inheritance of leaf number and duration to mid-silk in six inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). Leaf number showed partial dominance, and the additive gene effects accounted for a high proportion of the total variation. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Leaf number was controlled by at least one effective factor. Both additive and dominance components were responsible for the expression of duration to mid-silk. The narrow and broad heritabilities were both high. Duration to mid-silk was controlled by at least four effective factors.

Establishment and genetic analysis of complete diallel cross families of pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata)

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Long-chun GU ◽  
Jin-bi LI ◽  
Da-hui YU ◽  
Gui-ju HUANG ◽  
Jian-ye LIU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Complete Diallel Cross

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis on yield and its component traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZA Talukder ◽  
ANM S Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
M Amiruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Kernel Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 7×7 half diallel cross in maize for grain yield and yield contributing characters. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were observed for all the characters studied. The significant estimates of GCA and SCA variances suggested the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression studied traits. In these studies, variances due to SCA were higher than GCA for all charactesr, which revealed the predominance of non additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) for controlling these traits. Parents P1 and P4 were excellent general combiner for days to tasseling and silking while P1 and P5 for early maturity. P4 for short height and, P4 and P7 for higher thousand kernel weight. The parents P4 and P6 having good combining abilities for yield. Heterosis estimation was carried out using two commercial varieties NK40 and 900MG. When standard commercial check NK40 was used, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -51.39 to 12.53%. Among the 21 F1s, 3crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis was exhibited by the cross P4×P6 (12.43%), P6×P7 (10.89%) and P2×P3 (9.87%) respectively. Compared with 900MG as check, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -53.73 to 7.01%. Among the 21 F1s, none of the crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis were exhibited by the crosses P4×P6 (7.01%), P6 x P7 (5.55%) and P2×P3 (4.57%). The crosses showed significant positive SCA values could be used for variety development after verifying them across the agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 565-577, September 2016

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