Diallel analysis of resistance in maize to Fasarium graminearum infection via the silk

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
D. E. Mather ◽  
R. I. Hamilton ◽  
A. T. Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Reciprocal Differences ◽  
Disease Rating

Thirty-seven maize inbreds and a diallel cross of 12 inbreds selected from the 37 were evaluated at each of two locations for resistance to Fusarium graminearum ear rot infection via the silk and/or silk channel. Artificial inoculation was accomplished with a spore suspension injected into the silk channel of individual ears. Mean disease ratings, made on a scale of 1–7, revealed that most of the 37 inbreds were susceptible. Twelve of the inbreds, chosen to represent a range of susceptibility, were intercrossed in a complete diallel arrangement. Disease incidence and severity in the parents, crosses and reciprocals were evaluated in two environments. Genotype, general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were significant for both mean disease rating and disease incidence data. The GCA effects of the parents were correlated both to mean disease ratings and to disease incidence, with the most resistant parent, CO272, having the largest negative GCA. The performance of all hybrids could not be predicted simply on the basis of the performance or GCA of the parents. Reciprocal differences for mean disease ratings were significant in one environment. Four inbreds were identified as having significant GCA for resistance to F. graminearum infection via the silk.Key words: Maize, corn, diallel, resistance, Fusarium graminearum, silk

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis of Diplodia Ear Rot Resistance in Maize

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Dorrance ◽  
K. H. Hinkelmann ◽  
H. L. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Reciprocal Effects ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Stenocarpella Maydis ◽  
High Degree

A diallel cross of seven inbreds and one synthetic line of maize were analyzed in 1994 and 1995 for their reaction to Diplodia ear rot. An additional inbred line was included in the 1995 analysis. Plants were inoculated by placing a pycnidiospore suspension (5 × 103 spores per ml) of Stenocarpella maydis in the whorl at the V14 to V15 growth stage. Crosses were evaluated for disease incidence of Diplodia ear rot at harvest, and the percentage of plants with Diplodia ear rot in a plot was used for analysis. In both years, general combining ability (GCA) effects were significant. In 1995, specific combining ability effects were also significant. There were no reciprocal effects. There was no significant interaction between year and genotypes, indicating that crosses reacted the same in both years. Inbred lines B37, H111, B68, and MS had negative GCA effects that contributed toward resistance in both years. VA26, with intermediate resistance to Diplodia ear rot, contributed toward susceptibility. Only inbred lines with a high degree of resistance should be used as parents.

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis for Rain Check in Tomato

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 772F-772
Author(s):  
Cheryld L. Emmons ◽  
J.W. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Reciprocal Differences

To investigate the genetic control of rain check (cuticle cracking) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), a full diallel cross including five parents ranging from very resistant to very susceptible was grown in late spring 1994. A randomized complete-block design with four replications was used and the proportion of fruit showing check was measured on all mature fruit from eight plants per replication at three harvests. Analysis of variance indicated significant (P < 0.0001) variation for line, harvest, and line by harvest interaction. The proportion of fruit affected increased with each successive harvest. Reciprocal differences were tested on a by-harvest basis and found to be nonsignificant. Reciprocals were combined and a Hayman's analysis was performed on a by-harvest basis on the means. Additive effects on variance were significant (P < 0.05) for all harvests. Under high environmental stress (harvest 3), dominance effects were negative and significant (P < 0.05). Narrow-sense heritability ranged from 0.54 to 0.67 and increased with increasing environmental stress. General combining ability was significant for all harvests, whereas specific combining ability was significant only for harvest 3 (P < 0.05).

Diallel analysis of yield and yield components of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. De Silva ◽  
A. Omran
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Psophocarpus Tetragonolobus ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

SummaryThe variability revealed in a half-diallel cross between nine diverse genotypes of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) D.C.) in regard to yield and yield components was studied in the F1 generation. The results indicated that high genetic variability existed for all traits. With respect to seed size, general combining ability effects alone were adequate to predict the performance of hybrids. For numbers of pods per plant and seeds per pod, both general and specific combining ability effects were of equal importance, while the performance of hybrids for grain yield was mainly dependent on specific combining ability effects. Heterosis was clearly evident for number of seeds per pod and grain yield. Of the yield components, number of pods per plant exhibited a positive genotypic association of appreciable magnitude with grain yield, showing its usefulness as an indicator of yield in selection.

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF CROSSES BETWEEN FLUE-CURED AND BURLEY TOBACCO CULTIVARS

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronius Povilaitis
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Burley Tobacco ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cross Experiment

The eight tobacco cultivars Delcrest, Hicks Broadleaf, Yellow Gold and Jamaica Wrapper of the flue-cured type and Burley 1, Burley 21, Virginia B29 and Kentucky 12 of the burley type and their crosses and reciprocals were grown in an 8 × 8 diallel-cross experiment. Diallel analyses were completed according to procedures described by Hayman, Griffing and Robinson.The mean squares for general combining ability and for Hayman's a made up a considerably higher proportion of the total variability than the other subdivisions. The variances for special combining ability were in all instances smaller than those for general combining ability, although there were differences in size and in levels of significance between Griffing's and Robinson's methods. The statistic due to additive effects of genes (Hayman's D) was significant for days to flower, height, and number of leaves, and the statistic due to dominance effects significant for days to flower and height. The greatest effect in decreasing the number of days to flower was exhibited by the cultivar Delcrest, and the greatest effect in increasing the number of days to flower was by Yellow Gold and Kentucky 12. Kentucky 12 showed the greatest effect in increasing height and number of leaves.

CO388 and CO389 corn inbred lines

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
G. McDiarmid ◽  
A. J. Parker ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Inbred

CO388 and CO389 are short-season corn inbred lines with improved resistance to silk infection by Fusarium graminearum. These inbreds are the first to be released from a public breeding program with improved resistance to ear rot; they can be used by maize breeders as a source of resistance. Both inbreds exhibit good combining ability and average to superior lodging resistance in hybrids. Key words: Corn, maize, Zea mays, cultivar description, ear rot, Fusarium

Studies on genotype × spacing interactions for herbage yield, using a modified diallel analysis

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Sedcole ◽  
R. J. Clements
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Recent Criticism ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Pasture Plant

SummaryForty-four full-sib families from a diallel cross between 10 Lolium ((multiflorum × perenne) × perenne) clones were planted in the autumn at 0·6 × 0·6 m and 0·l × 0·l m spacings. Fresh weight of individual plants was measured on three occasions during the following spring and summer. The analysis of the diallel cross was extended to account for combining ability × spacing interactions, and to estimate between-spacing combining ability correlations and their sampling errors.Family × spacing interactions became increasingly significant at successive harvests and always contributed substantially to the total phenotypic variance. Much of the family × spacing variance was due to the general combining ability (GCA) × spacing component. Despite these large and significant interactions, the correlation between GCA values at the two spacings was high and positive at each harvest, so that selection for yield at wide spacing should lead to a correlated increase in yield at close spacing. Although the experiment was of relatively short duration, the results suggest that recent criticism of the conventional technique of selection among widely spaced plants in pasture plant breeding programmes may not have been entirely justified.

CO430, CO431 and CO432 corn inbred lines

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
G. McDiarmid ◽  
A. J. Parker ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Inbred

CO430, CO431 and CO432 are short-season corn inbred lines with improved resistance to silk infection by Fusarium graminearum. These inbreds exhibit average combining ability, average to superior lodging resistance in hybrids and were rated as having excellent emergence and seedling vigour. Key words: Corn, maize, Zea mays, cultivar description, ear rot, Fusarium

scholarly journals Diallel Analysis and Heritability of Grain Yield, Yield Components, and Maturity Traits in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Yaw Owusu ◽  
Haruna Mohammed ◽  
Kulai Amadu Manigben ◽  
Joseph Adjebeng-Danquah ◽  
Francis Kusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Pedigree Selection

Information on combining ability and reciprocal effects (REC) facilitates efficient utilization of genetic materials in a breeding program. This study was conducted (at the CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Ghana) to determine general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), heritability, genetic advance, GCA, and SCA effects as well as the relationship between parents per se performance and progenies for yield components and maturity traits in cowpea. The test populations were derived using a 5 × 5 complete diallel cross of parents with different yield attributes and maturity durations. The results indicated that GCA was predominant for number of days to 90% pod maturity, plant height at maturity, and hundred-seed weight. This showed that genes with additive effects conditioned these traits. Padi-Tuya, Songotra, and IT86D-610 were identified as good general combiners for grain yield, while Sanzi-Nya was identified as a general combiner for developing extra-early duration cowpea varieties. Crosses Songotra × Sanzi-Nya, SARC-1-57-2 × IT86D-610, Songotra × SARC-1-57-2, and Padi-Tuya × Songotra were identified as good specific combiners for days to 50% flowering, pod length, pods per plant, pod yield, grain yield, and seeds per pod. The findings from this study provide useful information on the inheritance of early maturity and yield traits in cowpea. This can be exploited to develop high yielding and early maturing cowpea varieties as climate smart strategy to mitigate climate change via breeding methods such as pedigree selection and marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Pedigree selection method is being used to develop varieties from the hybrid with high and significant SCA for grain yield, whereas the development of extra-early duration varieties via MABC with Sanzi-Nya (general combiner for earliness traits) as a donor parent is ongoing.

Genetic and agronomic evaluation of short-season Quality Protein Maize

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner ◽  
D. E. Mather ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Base Population ◽  
Fusarium Ear Rot ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Grain Moisture

Development of early-maturing hybrid cultivars of Quality Protein Maize (QPM), a hard-endosperm high-lysine maize (Zea mays L.), could provide a balanced-protein alternative feed crop for northern temperate areas. A set of inbred lines derived from QPM germplasm was used as the base population for three experiments conducted in eastern Canada: an eight-parent one-half diallel analysis, an evaluation of inbred performance, and an evaluation of resistance to Fusarium ear rot. In the diallel analysis, general combining ability effects were significant for grain yield, moisture at harvest, and kernel opacity. Specific combining ability effects were also significant and accounted for 20 and 13% of the genotypic variability for grain yield and moisture at harvest, respectively. Some QPM hybrids yielded well, but they had relatively high levels of grain moisture at harvest, indicating a need to breed for improved adaptation. Within the base population of QPM inbreds, the variation and repeatability for most agronomic traits and for resistance to Fusarium ear rot appeared to be adequate to allow development of agronomically superior QPM inbreds and hybrids for northern temperate maize growing regions.Key words: Quality Protein Maize, opaque-2, repeatability, diallel, agronomic potential, Fusarium graminearum

DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF FLOWERING-TIME IN CORN (ZEA MAYS) USING A CORN HEAT UNIT TRANSFORMATION

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Rood ◽  
D. J. Major
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Genetic Interpretation ◽  
Array Position

A set of eight corn (Zea mays L.) inbreds was studied in a diallel cross over two years and in a growth room to investigate general and specific combining ability for flowering-time. Diallel analysis of days from emergence to flowering revealed a failure of the joint Wr/Vr regression in one of the years, indicating a lack of agreement with the simple additive-dominance model of inheritance. The array position changed across the years and environments, complicating genetic interpretation. Transforming data of flowering-time to cumulative corn heat units (CHU) to flowering gave a better fit. Joint regression was satisfactory and array position was more consistent across years and environments. Dominance was incomplete for low CHU to flowering. Positive (increasing CHU) and negative, as well as dominant and recessive, alleles were in about equal frequencies. Heritability estimates in the broad- and narrow-sense were high. The estimates of general combining ability were higher than the estimates of specific combining ability in all studies.

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