Agronomic studies on pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.). I. Field responses to sowing time

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
JO Akinola ◽  
PC Whiteman
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Photoperiodic Responses ◽  
Plot Design

A split-plot design was used to investigate the vegetative and reproductive responses of two earlymaturing and two late-maturing Cajanus cajan accessions to eight sowing dates. Pre-flowering to pod-ripening durations varied, depending upon interactions between climatic factors and the photoperiodic responses of the accessions. Quantitative short-day, day-neutral or nearly day-neutral, and intermediate photoperiodic forms were identified. Relationships between day length, radiation, growing degree-days, and seed yield per hectare based on individual monthly harvests and harvest index were established for a sowing density of 2990 plants ha-1. Optimum sowing times were identified as late November-mid January for dry seed production in the latematuring accessions, and not later than December for periodic green pod picking in the earlymaturing accessions.

scholarly journals Heat unit requirement and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under different growing environment in mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
RANU PATHANIA ◽  
RAJENDRA PRASAD ◽  
RANBIR SINGH RANA ◽  
S. K. MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Unit ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
And Performance

A eld experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to study the accumulated growing degree days (GDD), helio-thermal unit (HTU), photo-thermal unit (PTU), heat use efciencies (HUE) at different phenological stages and performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties grown under different sowing dates. Results of present study revealed that the crop sown on 20th October required maximum calendar days, growing degree days, photo-thermal unit and helio-thermal unit for tillering, owering, earing and maturity which was signicantly reduced with subsequent delay in sowing time. The grain yield recorded in 20th November (4065 kgha-1) was statistically at par with 5th November yield (3863 kgha-1). The signicant reduction in grain yield on varieties was recorded when sowing was delayed beyond 20th November. Among the varieties 'VL-907' produced highest grain yield(3771 kgha-1) which was statistically on par with 'VL-829' (3726 kgha-1). The early and timely sown wheat  variety like VL-829 and VL-907 took highest calendar days, GDD, HTU and PTU for earing and maturity. The variety 'VL-907' recorded the highest grain yield (4196 and 4168 kgha-1) at 5th and 20th November sowing as compared to all other sowing dates.

scholarly journals Performance of Wheat as Affected by Different Irrigation Levels and Sowing Dates

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Md Sohel Mahmud ◽  
Md Jafar Ullah ◽  
Md Abdullahil Baque ◽  
Lutfun Naher ◽  
Sayed Mohammad Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Plot Design

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of irrigations and sowing dates on growth and yield performance of wheat in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of November 18, 2012 to March 30, 2013. The experiment was comprised of two factors, viz. factor A: two irrigations namely irrigation (I) and no irrigation i.e. control (I0), and factor B: three sowing dates such as S1: 1st sowing on 18 November, S2: 2nd sowing on 03 December and S3: 3rd sowing on 18 December. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Irrigation was assigned in the main plot, while sowing time was in the sub-plots. Data on grain yield and different yield contributing characters were taken after harvest. Results indicated that the highest grain yield was obtained with I (2.915 t ha-1) and S1 (2.983 t ha-1). The interaction of irrigation (I) and sowing on 18 November (S1) showed the maximum yield (3.387t ha-1), spike length (17.08 cm), 1000 grain weight (43.4 g), spikelets spike-1 (20.03) and grain spike-1 (65.58) of wheat.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(2) 77-85

scholarly journals Response of Late Sowing on the Yield and Yield Contributing Character of Different Varieties of Mustard and Rapeseed in Coastal Area of Barguna

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-448
Author(s):  
MA Razzaque ◽  
MR Talukder ◽  
Shaleh Uddin ◽  
SI Khan ◽  
Altab Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Testing Site ◽  
Late Sowing ◽  
Plot Design

An experiment was carried at Multi Location Testing site Barguna to determine suitable variety of mustard (Brassica species) for the late sowing condition for the coastal area of Bangladesh during rabi season of 1998-1999 and 1999-2000. Four varieties of mustard such as Daulat, Rai-5, Improved tory-7, and Ishurdi local with four sowing dates viz.15 Nov, 23 Nov, 30 Nov. and 7 Dec. were used for the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with sowing date in the main plot and varieties in the sub plot. The results revealed that the variety Daulat (1035 kg/ha) and Ishurdi local (1014 kg/ha) produced identically superior yield irrespective of sowing time. 15 November (1164 kg/ha) and 23 November (1002 kg/ha) recorded identically superior yield irrespect of variety. Daulat and Ishurdi local variety sowing could be delayed up to 30 November to obtain a profitable yield of (872 kg/ha) and (940 kg/ha) respectively which was still economically profitable. Key words: Mustard and rapes, Late sowing , variety, Yield, coastal area. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 441-448., 2007

Changing of Vegetative to Reproductive Ratio as a Response to Different Sowing Dates in Sunflower

Helia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (69) ◽  
pp. 253-266
Author(s):  
Ali Asghar Aliloo
Keyword(s):  
Edible Oils ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
North West ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Sowing Dates

AbstractSunflower is an important source for edible oils and biodiesel production. Its productivity is limited by many agronomical practices one of which is the sowing date. In this study, the effects of different sowing dates from early April to late June on phenology and yield of sunflower cultivars were investigated. The results showed that sunflower has a relatively long period of possible sowing dates, stretching from early April to late June in North West of Iran. However, delayed sowing dates significantly decreased the number of days needed for phenophases. For every day of delay, the model predicted (R2=0.97) a losing rate in achene yield by 22.2 kg h−1 from the first sowing date. For relationships between growing degree days (GDD) and yield, almost the same results were obtained. About 22 kg h−1 reduction (R2=0.79) in yield per day was estimated by GDD index when the average GDDs per day was 14.2. However, helio-thermal units (HTU) did not predict this reduction accurately. A suggested comprehensive model, that used the percent of yield losses and changes in vegetative to reproductive ratio, found a significant and positive relationship between the indices and yield losses. For all indices, an increase in vegetative to reproductive ratio resulted in increased grain yield losses.

Growth, phenology and thermal indices of mungbean as influenced by sowing time, varieties and planting geometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harinder Singh ◽  
Guriqbal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Thermal Indices ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Planting Geometry

A field experiment was conducted during <italic>kharif</italic> 2012 to assess the effects of sowing time (1, 10, 20, and 30 July) and planting geometry (30 cm × 10 cm and 22.5 cm × 10 cm) on the growth, phenology and thermal indices of mungbean varieties (PAU 911 and ML 818). The crop sown on 1 July recorded higher plant height and dry matter accumulation (DMA) and required higher thermal indices <italic>viz</italic>. accumulated growing degree days (AGDD), accumulated photothermal units (APTU) and accumulated heliothermal units (AHTU) to complete various phenological stages as compared to all other sowing times. Mungbean variety PAU 911 took lesser days to complete various phenological stages and required lesser AGDD, AHTU and APTU as compared to ML 818. Plants in planting geometry of 30 cm ×10 cm recorded significantly higher DMA and attained significantly higher AGDD, AHTU and APTU as compared to in 22.5 cm ×10 cm geometry.

scholarly journals Phenology and degree days of rice cultivars under organic culture

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
S Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Organic Culture ◽  
Plot Design

Variations in the phenology and degree days of five fine rice cultivars viz., Rajshahi swarna, Silkumul, Kataribhog, Lal pajam and Sanla under organic and inorganic cultural conditions were studied following a split plot design. The requirement of days to attain various phenological stages was highest in Rajshahi swarna, medium in Silkumul, Kataribhog and Lal pajam and the lowest in Sanla for both the cultural conditions. The growing degree days (GDD) and heat use efficiency (HUE) were slightly higher under inorganic than organic culture because of higher life span of rice cultivars in inorganic culture. The highest GDD and HUE were found in Rajshahi swarna, whereas the lowest in Sanla. Results also showed that the requirement of days and GDD were initially higher up to maximum tillering stage under organic culture but thereafter these requirements were greater under inorganic culture for all the cultivars. The grain yield was somewhat lower in organic compared to inorganic culture. In Rajshahi highest grain yield of swarna was 2.90 and 2.74 t/ha under inorganic and organic culture, respectively. Key words: Phenology; Growing degree days; Heat use efficiency; Fine rice DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i2.9770   Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(2): 149-153, 2011 (December)  

Minimising cold damage during reproductive development among temperate rice genotypes. I. Avoiding low temperature with the use of appropriate sowing time and photoperiod-sensitive varieties

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Farrell ◽  
S. Fukai ◽  
R. L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitivity ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Cold Damage ◽  
Temperature Damage ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive

Multiple-sown field trials in 4 consecutive years in the Riverina region of south-eastern Australia provided 24 different combinations of temperature and day length, which enabled the development of crop phenology models. A crop model was developed for 7 cultivars from diverse origins to identify if photoperiod sensitivity is involved in determining phenological development, and if that is advantageous in avoiding low-temperature damage. Cultivars that were mildly photoperiod-sensitive were identified from sowing to flowering and from panicle initiation to flowering. The crop models were run for 47 years of temperature data to quantify the risk of encountering low temperature during the critical young microspore stage for 5 different sowing dates. Cultivars that were mildly photoperiod-sensitive, such as Amaroo, had a reduced likelihood of encountering low temperature for a wider range of sowing dates compared with photoperiod-insensitive cultivars. The benefits of increased photoperiod sensitivity include greater sowing flexibility and reduced water use as growth duration is shortened when sowing is delayed. Determining the optimal sowing date also requires other considerations, e.g. the risk of cold damage at other sensitive stages such as flowering and the response of yield to a delay in flowering under non-limiting conditions. It was concluded that appropriate sowing time and the use of photoperiod-sensitive cultivars can be advantageous in the Riverina region in avoiding low temperature damage during reproductive development.

Influence of sowing dates on the growing degree days and phenology of winter maize (Zea mays L.)

1986 ◽  
Vol 38 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Narwal ◽  
S. Poonia ◽  
G. Singh ◽  
D.S. Malik
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Sowing Dates

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF AGRONOMIC AND CLIMATIC FACTORS ON WINTER OILSEED RAPE (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) ROOT NECK GROWTH IN AUTUMN

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gvidas ŠIDLAUSKAS ◽  
Irena PRANCKIETIENĖ ◽  
Rūta DROMANTIENĖ ◽  
Viktoras PRANCKIETIS
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Neck Growth

The aim of this study was to investigate the growth habit of winter oilseed rape root neck during the vegetative period in autumn. Such information is important for better understanding of winter oilseed rape growth pattern at early stages of development with the purpose to improve over winter survival. Field trials were conducted on Endocalcari – Epihypogleyic Cambisols. For the determination of changes of winter oilseed rape root neck thickness during autumnal development the effect of planting date, seedbed nitrogen application, stand population density, number of calendar days after emergence, accumulated by plants growing degree days and interaction among these factors was tested. For the description of the root neck growth pattern Boltzmann’s growth function performing a nonlinear fitting of estimating parameters was used. Results collected in the experiments indicate that the effect of sowing date including accumulated by plants growing degree days and the number of calendar days after emergence showed much greater effect on winter oilseed rape root diameter than seeding rate or pre-plant nitrogen application. On the basis of collected data winter oilseed rape root neck growth model was developed. These studies that relate mentioned factors to fall growth of winter oilseed rape root neck are presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Effect of Weather and Accumulated Weather Parameters on Yield of Finger Millet Grown in Different Planting Geometry, Methods of Establishment and Nutrient Sources

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Narayan Hebbal ◽  
B. K. Ramachandrappa ◽  
Mudalagiriyappa .
Keyword(s):  
Weather Condition ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Rainfed Farming ◽  
Rainy Days

Environment is a basic and fundamental factor determining the growth of plants. Amount and distribution of rainfall is the key variable influencing crop productivity in rainfed farming. Maximum heat units of 1386 growing degree days, rainfall (577 mm), rainy days (33), PET (456 mm), SSH (677 hrs.), day length (1474 hrs.), photo thermal units (16921) and helio thermal units (7372) were recorded during 2015 compared to growing season 2016 with growing degree days (GDD) (1266), rainfall (102 mm), rainy days (9), PET (382 mm), SSH (701 hrs.), day length (1474 hrs.), photo thermal units (15136) and helio thermal units (8163). Increased cumulative SSH and helio thermal units during 2016 was mainly due to clear weather condition and higher maximum and minimum temperature at crop growing period. Higher grain yield, straw yield, heat, photo thermal and helio thermal use efficiency (3638 and 2443 kg ha -1, 2.62, 0.22 and 0.49 during 2015, 1.93, 0.16 and 0.30 during 2016, respectively) was recorded in transplanting with recommended spacing along with application of RDF (50:40:37.5 NPK, ha-1) + FYM 7.5 t ha-1 compared to other treatment combinations.

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