Reversals of Visual Depth Caused by Motion Parallax

Perception ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keikichi Hayashibe
Keyword(s):  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Visual Depth

scholarly journals The motion/pursuit law for visual depth perception from motion parallax

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (15) ◽  
pp. 1969-1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nawrot ◽  
Keith Stroyan
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Visual Depth

Visuo-motor development which causes detection of visual depth from motion and density cues 1The article is based on a presentation given by the first author at the Joint Swiss-Japanese Scientific Seminar Human Motion Perception, Eye Movements, and Orientation in Visual Space, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation in cooperation with the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, in Gunten (Switzerland) May 19-21, 1999. The research was supported by a Grant-in-Aids for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan. The experiments were conducted as a joint research project supported by the Institute for Primate Research of Kyoto University.

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichiro Tsuji ◽  
Keikichi Hayashibe ◽  
Masatoshi Hara ◽  
Tetsuro Matsuzawa
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Visual Cliff ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Joint Research Project

This study examines the effectiveness of cues of visual depth and distance in the course of development and how this process depends on visuo-motor development. In the visual pitfall situation, i.e. a modification of Gibson 's visual cliff, eight Japanese monkeys (macaca fuscata) were observed with respect to their depth avoidance and visuo-motor activity. The tests were run once a week from the first until the sixteenth week after birth. Binocular parallax, motion parallax and texture density rates were manipulated to examine their effectiveness as cues. It was shown that for the first two months depth perception depended exclusively on motion parallax, whereas in the third month cues of motion and texture were added. Binocular cues did not have any effect in this age range. Three items of behaviour, i.e. visual regard of depth, head movement, and body movement, were checked and measured to obtain information which could explain the process of development of the cue function. The three items showed different developmental curves. During the first month, visual regard closely concurred with head and body movements, then visual activity suppressed motor behaviour and, after the end of the second month, the two became almost independent of each other. These analyses demonstrated that at a later stage pictorial cues produced an effect additional to the primary motion cues and that the effective cue function was based on the development of visuo-motor activity.

Human temporal coordination of visual and auditory events in virtual reality

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Michiteru Kitazaki
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Temporal Order ◽  
Binocular Disparity ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Depth Cues

Since the speed of sound is much slower than light, we sometimes hear a sound later than an accompanying light event (e.g., thunder and lightning at a far distance). However, Sugita and Suzuki (2003) reported that our brain coordinates a sound and its accompanying light to be perceived simultaneously within 20 m distance. Thus, the light accompanied with physically delayed sound is perceived simultaneously with the sound in near field. We aimed to test if this sound–light coordination occurs in a virtual-reality environment and investigate effects of binocular disparity and motion parallax. Six naive participants observed visual stimuli on a 120-inch screen in a darkroom and heard auditory stimuli from a headphone. A ball was presented in a textured corridor and its distance from the participant was varied from 3–20 m. The ball changed to be in red before or after a short (10 ms) white noise (time difference: −120, −60, −30, 0, +30, +60, +120 ms), and participants judged temporal order of the color-change and the sound. We varied visual depth cues (binocular disparity and motion parallax) in the virtual-reality environment, and measured the physical delay at which visual and auditory events were perceived simultaneously. In terms of the results, we did not find sound–light coordination without binocular disparity or motion parallax, but found it with both cues. These results suggest that binocular disparity and motion parallax are effective for sound–light coordination in virtual-reality environment, and richness of depth cues are important for the coordination.

Head Movement Changes Apparent Depth Order in a Motion-Parallax Display

Perception ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keikichi Hayashibe
Keyword(s):  
Head Movement ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Apparent Depth ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Depth Order ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Random Dot Pattern ◽  
Lateral Head

The hypothesis that the apparent visual depth is determined by the proximal velocity relative to the position of the head was examined in three experiments. Apparent protrusion/recession changed when subjects observed a moving random-dot pattern with their heads tilted sideways or rotated in the horizontal plane. This is ascribed to lateral head movement, which increases the proximal velocity when the dots and the subjects' heads are moving in opposite directions, and decreases the proximal velocity when both are moving in the same direction. Changes in the direction of movement of the stimulus caused a reversal of the apparent protrusion/recession. The resultant proximal velocity of the stimulus determined the order of depth of surfaces when the movement of the stimulus was linked to the subject's head movement.

The myth of visual depth cues V: Motion parallax

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Maniatis
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Independent Factor ◽  
Depth Cues ◽  
Depth Cue

Motion parallax is conventionally described as a “depth cue.” Rogers & Graham (1979) are credited with providing fairly convincing evidence for this view. Here, I argue that, just as in the case of the other so-called “depth cues,” the claim that “motion parallax” constitutes an independent factor supporting shape and depth perception is circular. Authors offering apparent demonstrations of this cue fail to properly distinguish between proximal and distal stimulus and overlook the fundamental confound of figural organization.

Monocular Depth Perception in Rats

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-433
Author(s):  
Sachio Ashida
Keyword(s):  
Depth Perception ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Motion Parallax ◽  
Visual Depth ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Depth Discrimination ◽  
Monocular Depth

64 male hooded rats were tested on a visual depth discrimination task in a modified Lashley Jumping Stand. The monocular Ss ( n = 32) were operated upon to close either the left or right eye and the control Ss ( n = 32) were sham operated. There were no significant differences in jumping performance between the binocular and the monocular Ss although the task was facilitated for both groups when a visual depth was increased. However, the monocular Ss showed significant orienting responses toward the “unoperated” side before they jumped. The results suggest that motion parallax overcomes both monocular and binocular visual weakness in a jumping-stand discrimination situation.

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