Influence of oligo(ethylene oxide) substituents on pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid properties, Li+ solvation and transport

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (31) ◽  
pp. 21539-21547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan von Zamory ◽  
Guinevere A. Giffin ◽  
Sebastian Jeremias ◽  
Franca Castiglione ◽  
Andrea Mele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Functional Groups

The presence of oligoether functional groups in the cations of ionic liquids has a significant effect on Li+ coordination.

Ionic Liquid-Catalyzed Synthesis of Diethylene Glycol

2012 ◽  
Vol 549 ◽  
pp. 287-291
Author(s):  
Mang Zheng ◽  
Xiao Yan Li ◽  
Ru Qi Guan ◽  
Yan Mei Liu ◽  
Ya Juan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Diethylene Glycol ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Manufacturing Methods

Diethylene glycol (DEG) is the by-product of the hydration of ethylene oxide. With the rapid development of China's ethylene industry and the increased production of diethylene glycol, taking full advantage of the diethylene glycol resources to develop downstream products and expanding the use of diethylene glycol is becoming more and more important. In this paper, we introduce the applications and manufacturing methods of diethylene glycol, and elaborate the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. Furthermore, we present a new approach to synthesis industrial raw material diethylene glycol by ethylene glycol as raw material and ionic liquids as catalyst.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CELLULOSE AND CHITOSAN IN IONIC LIQUIDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 857-868
Author(s):  
CRISTINA STEFANESCU ◽  
WILLIAM H. DALY ◽  
IOAN I. NEGULESCU
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Phthalic Anhydride ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Mechanisms Of Reactions

Chemistry of cellulose in ionic liquids has been briefly reviewed and, accordingly, the phthalation of chitosan in these ionic solvents has been investigated. Chitosan (K) has been reacted at 100 °C for 4 hours with phthalic anhydride (PA) in ionic liquids 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BMIMAc) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) in the presence of bases, pyridine and 1,4-diazobicyclo[2.2.2] octane (DABCO), or the phthalation has been catalyzed by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). Depending on the nature of the reaction components, the samples were prepared with molar ratios of PA to anhydroglucose unit (PA:K) from 3:1 to 10:1, including molar ratios of bases or catalyst to chitosan, ranging also from 3:1 to 10:1. All the reaction products were soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide. Both functional groups of chitosan units, -OH and -NH2 , reacted, resulting in FTIR confirmed products containing esters, amide, and imide functional groups. Heating the isolated phthalated chitosan products to 200 °C led to cyclization with the formation of imide groups and elimination of water. When bases controlled the reactions, the highest degrees of substitution of DABCO product (DS = 0.80) was slightly higher than the highest DC of the reaction products obtained in the presence of pyridine (DS = 0.77). However, the presence of the Nbromosuccinimide catalyst in the system led to an increase of the degree of substitution of the functional groups of chitosan (DS = 1.75), compared with that listed above for the products resulted when the reactions were carried out in the presence of bases. The thermal stability of the chitosan derivatives obtained in the presence of a base depended primarily upon the nature of the counter ion of the ionic liquid. When the reaction was conducted in the acetate ionic liquid BMIMAc, the phthalated chitosan exhibited a lower thermal stability than that of chitosan, while when the chloride ionic liquid BMIMCl was used as solvent, the thermal stability of the phthalated chitosan increased, indicating an interference of the ionic solvents in the mechanisms of reactions. Nevertheless, the thermal behavior of the phthalated products obtained in reactions catalyzed by NBS may be correlated with the increasing degrees of substitution achieved with increased catalyst concentrations: a higher DS resulted in a higher weight loss at higher temperatures.

Ionic liquid-based random copolymers: a new type of polymer electrolyte with low glass transition temperature

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 3135-3140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heyi Hu ◽  
Wen Yuan ◽  
Zhe Jia ◽  
Gregory L. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polyethylene Oxide ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
New Type

A new type of polymer electrolyte has been prepared from the side-chains of ionic liquids (IL) and an analogue of ethylene oxide (EO) directly grafted on a polyethylene oxide backbone.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

Ionic Liquid Assisted Synthesis of Some 2-Aminobenzenethiols

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 550-555
Author(s):  
Dinesh K. Jangid ◽  
Keshav L. Ameta ◽  
Surbhi Dhadda ◽  
Anjali Guleria ◽  
Prakash G. Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Presence And Absence

Ionic Liquid assisted efficient synthesis of some 2-aminobenzenethiols has been reported using three different Ionic Liquids (ILs) namely methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [MIM]+[BF4]−, methylimidazolium chloride [MIM]+[Cl]− and methylimidazolium nitrate [MIM]+[NO3]−. A comparative study has been carried out for the synthesis of target molecules in the presence and absence of IL, leading to conclusion that maximum yield has been observed with [MIM]+[BF4]−.

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Ionic Liquid and Spectrophotometric Determination of Bilirubin in Biological Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-659
Author(s):  
Asiye A. Avan ◽  
Hayati Filik
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Spectrophotometric Detection ◽  
Full Color ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Background: An Ionic Liquid-based based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (IL-DLLME) method was not applied to preconcentration and determination of bilirubin. Ionic Liquids (ILs) are new chemical compounds. In recent years, Ionic Liquids (ILs) have been employed as alternative solvents to toxic organic solvents. Due to these perfect properties, ILs have already been applied in many analytical extraction processes, presenting high extraction yield and selectivity for analytes. Methods: In this study, IL-DLLME was applied to biological samples (urine and serum) for the spectrophotometric detection of bilirubin. For bilirubin analysis, the full-color development was based on the reaction with periodate in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The high affinity of bilirubin for the ionic liquid phase gave extraction percentages above 98% in 0.3 M HCl solution. Results: Several IL-extraction parameters were optimized and room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl- 1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and ethanol were used as extraction and disperser solution. The linear range was found in the range of 0.5-6.0 μM (0.3-3.5 μg mL-1) and the limits of detection of the proposed method was 0.5 μM (0.3 μg mL-1). The proposed method was applied for the preconcentration and separation of trace bilirubin in real urine samples. Also, the recoveries for bilirubin in spiked biological samples (urine and serum) were found to be acceptable, between 95-102%. Conclusion: The proposed IL-DLLMEapproach was employed for the enrichment and determination of trace levels of bilirubin in urine samples using NaIO4 as an oxidizing agent and Uv-vis spectrophotometric detection. The periodate oxidation of bilirubin is rapid, effective, selective, and simple to perform. The method contains only HCl, NaOI4, and an anionic surfactant. The method may be useful for economizing in the consumption of reagents in bilirubin determining. The IL-DLLMEmethod ensures a high yield and has a low toxicity no skin sensitization, no mutagenicity and no ecotoxicity in an aquatic environment since only very low quantities of an IL is required. For full-color formation, no any extra auxiliary reagents are required. Besides, the IL-DLLME technique uses a low-cost instrument such as Uv-vis which is present in most of the medical laboratories.

scholarly journals Ion conformation and orientational order in a dicationic ionic liquid crystal studied by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debashis Majhi ◽  
Sergey V. Dvinskikh
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Bond Order ◽  
Van Der Waals ◽  
Orientational Order ◽  
Smectic Phase ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Dicationic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquid Crystals

AbstractIonic liquids crystals belong to a special class of ionic liquids that exhibit thermotropic liquid-crystalline behavior. Recently, dicationic ionic liquid crystals have been reported with a cation containing two single-charged ions covalently linked by a spacer. In ionic liquid crystals, electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions in ionic sublayer and van der Waals interaction in hydrophobic domains are the main forces contributing to the mesophase stabilization and determining the molecular orientational order and conformation. How these properties in dicationic materials are compared to those in conventional monocationic analogs? We address this question using a combination of advanced NMR methods and DFT analysis. Dicationic salt 3,3′-(1,6-hexanediyl)bis(1-dodecylimidazolium)dibromide was studied. Local bond order parameters of flexible alkyl side chains, linker chain, and alignment of rigid polar groups were analyzed. The dynamic spacer effectively “decouples” the motion of two ionic moieties. Hence, local order and alignment in dicationic mesophase were similar to those in analogous single-chain monocationic salts. Bond order parameters in the side chains in the dicationic smectic phase were found consistently lower compared to double-chain monocationic analogs, suggesting decreasing contribution of van der Waals forces. Overall dication reorientation in the smectic phase was characterized by low values of orientational order parameter S. With increased interaction energy in the polar domain the layered structure is stabilized despite less ordered dications. The results emphasized the trends in the orientational order in ionic liquid crystals and contributed to a better understanding of interparticle interactions driving smectic assembly in this and analogous ionic mesogens.

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