The role of the IAP E3 ubiquitin ligases in regulating pattern-recognition receptor signalling

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 833-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Vandenabeele ◽  
Mathieu J. M. Bertrand
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
Receptor Signalling ◽  
Recognition Receptor

scholarly journals Role of the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor Nod2 in Coxiella burnetii infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 154-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benoit ◽  
Y. Bechah ◽  
C. Capo ◽  
P.J. Murray ◽  
J.L. Mege ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
Recognition Receptor

Targeting intracellular mediators of pattern-recognition receptor signalling to adjuvant vaccination

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1501-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wales ◽  
E. Andreakos ◽  
M. Feldmann ◽  
B. Foxwell
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
Intracellular Signalling ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Receptor Signalling ◽  
Intracellular Mediators ◽  
Recognition Receptor

PRR (pattern-recognition receptor) signalling is involved early in the immune response and therefore would be attractive to target during vaccination. The use of PRR ligands has shown some success; however, toxicity and non-specificity are issues with this strategy. The targeting of PRR intracellular signalling networks would allow for greater specificity and reduced systemic toxicity. The present review examines the successes seen with overexpression or repression of PRR signalling molecules.

scholarly journals Insights into the molecular basis of the NOD2 signalling pathway

Open Biology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 140178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Boyle ◽  
Rhiannon Parkhouse ◽  
Tom P. Monie
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Muramyl Dipeptide ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
Cellular Proteins ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Downstream Effects ◽  
Susceptibility Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Recognition Receptor

The cytosolic pattern recognition receptor NOD2 is activated by the peptidoglycan fragment muramyl dipeptide to generate a proinflammatory immune response. Downstream effects include the secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 8, the upregulation of pro-interleukin 1β, the induction of autophagy, the production of antimicrobial peptides and defensins, and contributions to the maintenance of the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Polymorphisms in NOD2 are the cause of the inflammatory disorder Blau syndrome and act as susceptibility factors for the inflammatory bowel condition Crohn's disease. The complexity of NOD2 signalling is highlighted by the observation that over 30 cellular proteins interact with NOD2 directly and influence or regulate its functional activity. Previously, the majority of reviews on NOD2 function have focused upon the role of NOD2 in inflammatory disease or in its interaction with and response to microbes. However, the functionality of NOD2 is underpinned by its biochemical interactions. Consequently, in this review, we have taken the opportunity to address the more ‘basic’ elements of NOD2 signalling. In particular, we have focused upon the core interactions of NOD2 with protein factors that influence and modulate the signal transduction pathways involved in NOD2 signalling. Further, where information exists, such as in relation to the role of RIP2, we have drawn comparison with the closely related, but functionally discrete, pattern recognition receptor NOD1. Overall, we provide a comprehensive resource targeted at understanding the complexities of NOD2 signalling.

scholarly journals Role of the soluble pattern recognition receptor PTX3 in vascular biology

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Presta ◽  
Maura Camozzi ◽  
Giovanni Salvatori ◽  
Marco Rusnati
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Vascular Biology ◽  
Pattern Recognition Receptor ◽  
Recognition Receptor
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