scholarly journals Environment‐responsive transcription factors bind subtelomeric elements and regulate gene silencing

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J Smith ◽  
Leslie R Miller ◽  
Richard Kreisberg ◽  
Laura Vazquez ◽  
Yakun Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Regulate Gene

scholarly journals Arabidopsis heat shock transcription factor HSFA7b positively mediates salt stress tolerance by binding to an E-box-like motif to regulate gene expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (19) ◽  
pp. 5355-5374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Zang ◽  
Jingxin Wang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhujun Liu ◽  
Yucheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Cellulose Synthase ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
E Box ◽  
Regulate Gene

Abstract Plant heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are involved in heat and other abiotic stress responses. However, their functions in salt tolerance are little known. In this study, we characterized the function of a HSF from Arabidopsis, AtHSFA7b, in salt tolerance. AtHSFA7b is a nuclear protein with transactivation activity. ChIP-seq combined with an RNA-seq assay indicated that AtHSFA7b preferentially binds to a novel cis-acting element, termed the E-box-like motif, to regulate gene expression; it also binds to the heat shock element motif. Under salt conditions, AtHSFA7b regulates its target genes to mediate serial physiological changes, including maintaining cellular ion homeostasis, reducing water loss rate, decreasing reactive oxygen species accumulation, and adjusting osmotic potential, which ultimately leads to improved salt tolerance. Additionally, most cellulose synthase-like (CSL) and cellulose synthase (CESA) family genes were inhibited by AtHSFA7b; some of them were randomly selected for salt tolerance characterization, and they were mainly found to negatively modulate salt tolerance. By contrast, some transcription factors (TFs) were induced by AtHSFA7b; among them, we randomly identified six TFs that positively regulate salt tolerance. Thus, AtHSFA7b serves as a transactivator that positively mediates salinity tolerance mainly through binding to the E-box-like motif to regulate gene expression.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analyses and virus induced gene silencing identify genes in the Rpp4-mediated Asian soybean rust resistance pathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aguida M. A. P. Morales ◽  
Jamie A. O'Rourke ◽  
Martijn van de Mortel ◽  
Katherine T. Scheider ◽  
Timothy J. Bancroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Phakopsora Pachyrhizi ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
Defence Responses

Rpp4 (Resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi 4) confers resistance to Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, the causal agent of Asian soybean rust (ASR). By combining expression profiling and virus induced gene silencing (VIGS), we are developing a genetic framework for Rpp4-mediated resistance. We measured gene expression in mock-inoculated and P. pachyrhizi-infected leaves of resistant soybean accession PI459025B (Rpp4) and the susceptible cultivar (Williams 82) across a 12-day time course. Unexpectedly, two biphasic responses were identified. In the incompatible reaction, genes induced at 12 h after infection (hai) were not differentially expressed at 24 hai, but were induced at 72 hai. In contrast, genes repressed at 12 hai were not differentially expressed from 24 to 144 hai, but were repressed 216 hai and later. To differentiate between basal and resistance-gene (R-gene) mediated defence responses, we compared gene expression in Rpp4-silenced and empty vector-treated PI459025B plants 14 days after infection (dai) with P. pachyrhizi. This identified genes, including transcription factors, whose differential expression is dependent upon Rpp4. To identify differentially expressed genes conserved across multiple P. pachyrhizi resistance pathways, Rpp4 expression datasets were compared with microarray data previously generated for Rpp2 and Rpp3-mediated defence responses. Fourteen transcription factors common to all resistant and susceptible responses were identified, as well as fourteen transcription factors unique to R-gene-mediated resistance responses. These genes are targets for future P. pachyrhizi resistance research.

Multi-gene silencing in Arabidopsis: a collection of artificial microRNAs targeting groups of paralogs encoding transcription factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Jover-Gil ◽  
Javier Paz-Ares ◽  
José Luis Micol ◽  
María Rosa Ponce
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Silencing

scholarly journals Neuronal control of maternal provisioning in response to social cues

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (34) ◽  
pp. eabf8782
Author(s):  
Jadiel A. Wasson ◽  
Gareth Harris ◽  
Sabine Keppler-Ross ◽  
Trisha J. Brock ◽  
Abdul R. Dar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Neuronal Control ◽  
Maternal Provisioning ◽  
Regulate Gene

Mothers contribute cytoplasmic components to their progeny in a process called maternal provisioning. Provisioning is influenced by the parental environment, but the molecular pathways that transmit environmental cues between generations are not well understood. Here, we show that, in Caenorhabditis elegans, social cues modulate maternal provisioning to regulate gene silencing in offspring. Intergenerational signal transmission depends on a pheromone-sensing neuron and neuronal FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe)–like peptides. Parental FMRFamide-like peptide signaling dampens oxidative stress resistance and promotes the deposition of mRNAs for translational components in progeny, which, in turn, reduces gene silencing. This study identifies a previously unknown pathway for intergenerational communication that links neuronal responses to maternal provisioning. We suggest that loss of social cues in the parental environment represents an adverse environment that stimulates stress responses across generations.

CDK9 as an Appealing Target for Therapeutic Interventions

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Eyvazi ◽  
Mohammad Saeid Hejazi ◽  
Homan Kahroba ◽  
Mozghan Abasi ◽  
Reza Eghdam Zamiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Serine Threonine Kinase ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Functional Nature ◽  
Cellular Pathways ◽  
Rnap Ii ◽  
Regulate Gene

Cyclin Dependent Kinase 9 (CDK9) as a serine/threonine kinase belongs to a great number of CDKs. CDK9 is the main core of PTEF-b complex and phosphorylates RNA polymerase (RNAP) II besides other transcription factors which regulate gene transcription elongation in numerous physiological processes. Multi-functional nature of CDK9 in diverse cellular pathways proposes that it is as an appealing target. In this review, we summarized the recent findings on the molecular interaction of CDK9 with critical participant molecules to modulate their activity in various diseases. Furthermore, the presented review provides a rationale supporting the use of CDK9 as a therapeutic target in clinical developments for crucial diseases; particularly cancers will be reviewed.

scholarly journals Exploring the functions of RNA interference pathway proteins: some functions are more RISCy than others?

2005 ◽  
Vol 387 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna JARONCZYK ◽  
Jon B. CARMICHAEL ◽  
Tom C. HOBMAN
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulators ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Piwi Domain ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Silencing Pathways ◽  
Laboratory Tool ◽  
Molecular Therapeutic ◽  
Regulate Gene

PPD (PAZ Piwi domain) proteins and the Dicer family have been the subjects of intense study over the last 6 years. These proteins have well-established roles in RNAi (RNA interference), a process that relies on siRNAs (small interfering RNAs) or miRNAs (microRNAs) to mediate specificity. The development of techniques for applying RNAi as a laboratory tool and a molecular therapeutic technique has rapidly outpaced our understanding of the biology of this process. However, over the last 2 years, great strides have been made towards elucidating how PPD proteins and Dicer regulate gene-silencing at the pre- and post-transcriptional levels. In addition, evidence is beginning to emerge that suggests that these proteins have additional siRNA-independent roles as cell-cycle regulators. In the present review, we summarize the well-known roles of these two classes of proteins in gene-silencing pathways, as well as explore the evidence for novel roles of PPD and Dicer proteins.

scholarly journals Coactivator-Dependent Acetylation Stabilizes Members of the SREBP Family of Transcription Factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 2587-2599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Giandomenico ◽  
Maria Simonsson ◽  
Eva Grönroos ◽  
Johan Ericsson
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Lysine Residue ◽  
Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Dna Binding Domain ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Acetyltransferase Activity ◽  
Regulate Gene

ABSTRACT Members of the SREBP family of transcription factors control cholesterol and lipid homeostasis and play important roles during adipocyte differentiation. The transcriptional activity of SREBPs is dependent on the coactivators p300 and CBP. We now present evidence that SREBPs are acetylated by the intrinsic acetyltransferase activity of p300 and CBP. In SREBP1a, the acetylated lysine residue resides in the DNA-binding domain of the protein. Coexpression with p300 dramatically increases the expression of both SREBP1a and SREBP2, and this effect is dependent on the acetyltransferase activity of p300, indicating that acetylation of SREBPs regulates their stability. Indeed, acetylation or mutation of the acetylated lysine residue in SREBP1a stabilizes the protein. We demonstrate that the acetylated residue in SREBP1a is also targeted by ubiquitination and that acetylation inhibits this process. Thus, our studies define acetylation-dependent stabilization of transcription factors as a novel mechanism for coactivators to regulate gene expression.

scholarly journals Nuclear microenvironments modulate transcription from low-affinity enhancers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Crocker ◽  
Albert Tsai ◽  
Anand K. Muthusamy ◽  
Luke D. Lavish ◽  
Robert H. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
General Feature ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Affinity Binding ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Regulate Gene

AbstractTranscription factors regulate gene expression by binding to DNA for short durations and by often binding to low-affinity DNA sequences. It is not clear how such temporally brief, low-affinity interactions can drive efficient transcription. Here we report that the transcription factor Ultrabithorax (Ubx) functionally utilizes low-affinity binding sites in the Drosophila melanogaster shavenbaby (svb) locus in nuclear microenvironments of relatively high Ubx concentration. By manipulating the affinity of svb enhancers, we revealed an inverse relationship between enhancer affinity and Ubx concentration required for transcriptional activation. A Ubx cofactor, Homothorax (Hth), was enriched together with Ubx near enhancers that require Hth, even though Ubx and Hth did not co-localize throughout the nucleus. These results suggest that low affinity sites overcome their kinetic inefficiency by utilizing microenvironments with high concentrations of transcription factors and cofactors. Mechanisms that generate these microenvironments are likely to be a general feature of eukaryotic transcriptional regulation.

scholarly journals Virus-induced gene silencing unravels multiple transcription factors involved in floral growth and development in Phalaenopsis orchids

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 3869-3884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hsien Hsieh ◽  
Zhao-Jun Pan ◽  
Pei-Han Lai ◽  
Hsiang-Chia Lu ◽  
Hsin-Hung Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing
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