Effects of intertrial reinforcement on resistance to extinction following extended training.

1965 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Black ◽  
Kenneth W. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Intertrial Reinforcement

Information and Incentive Characteristics of Secondary Reinforcement Demonstrated in Resistance to Extinction

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-446
Author(s):  
J. Dutch
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Reinforcement ◽  
Strong Incentive ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Group 1 received 6,000 trials on CRF, Group 2 6,000 trials on FR 10, and Group 3 60,000 trials on FR 10. All Ss were then extinguished under 3 conditions: the magazine click was presented on CRF, on FR 10, or not at all. The click was a weak but effective incentive for CRF Ss and a strong incentive for FR 10 Ss. With extended training the click also became an informative stimulus for FR 10 Ss in that it reduced resistance to extinction.

Extinction Performance as a Function of N-R Transitions and Intertrial Reinforcement with Extended Partial Reinforcement Training

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Spivey ◽  
David T. Hess ◽  
James Klemic
Keyword(s):  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Extinction Performance ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Consistent Reinforcement ◽  
Intertrial Reinforcement ◽  
Partial Reinforcement Training

3 groups of albino rats were given 96 acquisition trials in a runway. One group (C) was given consistent reinforcement, while the other 2 groups (PN, PR) received the same partial reinforcement pattern, RRNNRRNN, on each day. Following Trial 4 for Group PN and Trial 5 for Groups PR and C., Ss were given intertrial reinforcement. In extinction the groups were ordered PR, PN, C, with Group PR being most resistant to extinction. Taken in conjunction with the results of studies involving abbreviated training, the findings were interpreted as supporting the view that the same variables or processes influence extinction performance following both abbreviated and extended training. The results were further interpreted as supporting the modified aftereffects hypothesis.

Runway Performance as a Function of Magnitude of Runway Reward and Intertrial Reinforcement

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Black ◽  
William House ◽  
Jon Moss
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Effect ◽  
Negative Contrast Effect ◽  
Negative Contrast ◽  
Positive Contrast ◽  
Straight Alley ◽  
Positive Contrast Effect ◽  
Runway Performance ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Runway Trial ◽  
Intertrial Reinforcement

Rats were trained to traverse a straight alley for either 1 or 10 food pellets as reward. Each runway trial was preceded by an intertrial reinforcement of 1 or 10 pellets. A negative contrast effect obtained and persisted throughout the 72 trials conducted. Although there was a strong suggestion of a positive contrast effect throughout training, the effect did not prove reliable. The contrast effect results were interpreted as challenging the view that with extended training ITRs become “irrelevant” to runway reward.

Overtraining Extinction Effect Using a Free-Operant Procedure

1972 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom N. Tombaugh ◽  
Pierre St. Jean
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Continuous Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Continuous Reinforcement ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Extended Training ◽  
Free Operant ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Increasing Function ◽  
Operant Procedure ◽  
Free Operant Situation

The effects of five levels of training (210, 490, 1470, 2450, 3430 reinforced responses) on extinction performance were investigated. A free-operant bar-press paradigm was employed. A continuous reinforcement schedule was used with .12 ml. of 64% sucrose. Number of bar-presses and duration of time to reach a 1-min. non-response criterion showed that resistance to extinction was an increasing function of the number of reinforcements during training. However, the amount of time required to reach a 5-min. criterion showed the opposite relationship. It was concluded that different criteria reflected different patterns of extinction behavior and that the overtraining extinction effect (decreased resistance to extinction following extended training) could be demonstrated in a free-operant situation if the appropriate criteria were selected.

Influence of Consecutive Small-Reward Trials and Intertrial Reinforcements in the Varied Magnitude of Reinforcement Experiment

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-824
Author(s):  
James H. Thomas ◽  
M. J. Homzie
Keyword(s):  
Small Reward ◽  
Partial Reinforcement ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Resistance To Extinction ◽  
Intertrial Reinforcement ◽  
Reinforcement Procedure

2 varied magnitude of reward instrumental runway studies with rats were conducted to ascertain whether the sequential variables, intertrial reinforcements and number of successive small magnitude of reward trials (S-length) would influence resistance to extinction (Rn) in a manner similar to that of comparable variables in the partial reinforcement (PR) situation. Exp. I indicated that S-length affects Rn in the same manner as the number of consecutive nonreinforced trials in the PR experiment. Contrary to the results of PR experiments, in Exps. I and II, the intertrial reinforcement procedure did not reduce Rn. The results of the two experiments indicate, however, that animals receiving identical goal events but differing in the sequence of such events exhibit differential Rn.

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