Auditory Process.

2007 ◽  
pp. 67-88
Author(s):  
Arthur Gilbert Bills
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Process

Speech enhancement based on aspects of the auditory process

2001 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 2440-2440
Author(s):  
Kathryn Arehart ◽  
John Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Speech Enhancement ◽  
Auditory Process

Gross anatomy of the skull of hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Lucy ◽  
V. R. Indu ◽  
C. Leena ◽  
R. Fathima ◽  
C. George ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Watch Glass ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Temporal Fossa ◽  
Strongly Convex ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Hippopotamus Amphibius ◽  
Very High ◽  
Auditory Process ◽  
Bulla Tympanica

Morphological studies were conducted on the skull of a hippopotamus brought to the Veterinary college for postmortem examination. Skull of the hippopotamus was huge and notable for its little brain case and high supra-orbital ridges. The skull had a larger splanchnocranium than the neurocranium. From the dorsal view, the skull had a watch glass appearance because of its narrow middle portion (at the region of maxillae) and wide caudal and rostral portions. Maxilla showed a large Eminenta canina and two infraorbital foramina leading to two separate infraorbital canals. The premaxilla lodged two huge incisors and just above the central incisor, there was a large rough eminence for the elevated nostrils. Three to four large rounded lacrimal bullae were seen on the floor of the bony orbit. Frontal bone presented a strongly convex smooth supra-orbital ridge that formed upper margin of the orbit which projected from the surface of the skull. The median sagittal crest was very high that diverged to accommodate the concave forehead in front. Temporal fossa was very extensive. Caudal surface of the skull showed a concave nuchal surface and the external occipital protuberance was in the form of a crest. The paramastoid process and external auditory process were very short. Bulla tympanica was conical with a pyramidal muscular process. Anatomical peculiarities of the skull and their functional significance are discussed.

A New View on the MMN and Attention Debate

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 164-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse S. Sussman
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Auditory Scene Analysis ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Auditory Scene ◽  
Independent Process ◽  
Processing Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Processing ◽  
Factor Governing ◽  
Auditory Process ◽  
New Framework

The question of whether the mismatch negativity (MMN) is modulated by attention has been debated for over a decade. Although the MMN is widely regarded as reflecting a preattentive auditory process, many studies have shown attention effects on MMN. So, what does preattentive mean if attention can modulate the MMN? To understand the function of MMN in auditory processing, we need to shed new light on the “MMN and attention” debate. This review will discuss the apparent paradox that MMN can be modulated by attention and still be considered an attention-independent process, and provide a new framework for viewing the MMN system. The new model proposes that the principal factor governing MMN is the sound context. MMN generation relies on multiple processing mechanisms that are part of a larger system of auditory scene analysis.

Averaged Electroencephalic Audiometry in Infants

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Lentz ◽  
Geary A. McCandless
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Fm Radio ◽  
Movement Artifact ◽  
Considerable Resistance ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Auditory Process

Normal, preterm, and high-risk infants were tested at one, three, six, and 12 months of age using AEA. Few responded at 20 or 0 dB HL at any age. At one month, the lowest responses observed for the normal group averaged 43 dB HL, in contrast to an average of 59 dB HL for infants in the preterm and high-risk groups. At three months, the majority of infants in the normal and preterm categories yielded their lowest response at 40 dB HL. In contrast, infants in the high-risk group failed to yield the majority of their responses below 60 dB HL until age six months. Behavioral problems encountered in many of the infants at 12 months made it necessary to terminate testing prematurely. We do not know whether the inability to obtain responses at low hearing levels is due to procedural problems entirely or in part to immature neurological development beyond the peripheral auditory process. Infants could be prepared for testing easily at one and three months of age. In contrast, older subjects offered considerable resistance and were especially annoyed when conventional recording procedures necessitated that their movement be restricted. In this regard, telemetry was found to be most helpful since the coupling of the transmitter and receiver was by an FM radio frequency and not by wires as in conventional recording. However, movement artifact during testing was a significant problem regardless of the recording method employed.

Acoustically Evoked Potentials and the Auditory Process

2015 ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Lee R. Hamilton ◽  
Kalavathi Bhupathy ◽  
Stan B. Osenar ◽  
A. J. Derbyshire
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Auditory Process

scholarly journals The Effect of Long-Term Unilateral Deafness on Auditory Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 570-578
Author(s):  
Min Young Kwak ◽  
Dong Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyeon Sik Oh ◽  
Yong-Hwi An ◽  
Jong Ho Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Auditory Deprivation ◽  
Unilateral Deafness ◽  
Auditory Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Auditory Process

Background and Objectives We investigated whether there are differences in auditory performance between the healthy ears of subjects with unilateral deafness (UD) and the control ears of subjects with normal hearing (NH) in both ears.Subjects and Method Sixteen subjects with acquired UD and 16 subjects with NH thresholds for both ears were enrolled. We compared the auditory performance of UD group and control group with NH in both ears.Results We found no meaningful differences in the three measures of psychoacoustic performance between the total healthy ears of subjects with UD and the ears of the control group. However, in the subgroup comparison, the left ears of subjects with right UD showed significantly poorer spectral-ripple discrimination (SRD) than the right ears of the subjects with left UD (<i>p</i>=0.006) and the ears of control subjects with NH (<i>p</i>=0.004).Conclusion Our findings indicate that after unilateral auditory deprivation, auditory processing is differentially affected by the side involved. In the subjects with acquired UD, the longterm hearing deprivation on the right side induced the down-regulation of central auditory process for SRD, but hearing deprivation on the left side did not affect SRD.

Investigation of Tinnitus Induced by Sound and Its Relationship to Ongoing Tinnitus

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. George ◽  
Simon Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Auditory Process ◽  
Sound Sensation

Tinnitus was temporarily induced by monaurally presented sound, and its level monitored using a dichotic loudness-matching task. The first experiment found no effect of varying the level, bandwidth, or center frequency of an inducing noise on the level or duration of the induced tinnitus; nor was there any difference when tones or different noises were used to induce tinnitus. The rated loudness of the tinnitus, however, increased with the level and decreased with the center frequency of the noise. The second experiment investigated tinnitus induced by a 1-kHz, 95-dB SPL tone in 53 subjects with thresholds in the normal range, but with varying degrees of ongoing tinnitus that ranged from no discernible sound sensation at all, through an apparently normal but usually inaudible noise or ringing, to constant or near-constant tinnitus. Individual differences in induced tinnitus were found that were related to differences in ongoing tinnitus; for example, the levels of induced and ongoing tinnitus were positively correlated. The results suggest that some kinds of ongoing tinnitus may arise from the auditory process responsible for induced tinnitus.

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