A Zinc Nitrate–Calcium Nitrate–Water System: The Solubility of Solids and the Density of Liquids in a Wide Range of Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1544-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Belova ◽  
Nikita A. Brusinski ◽  
Mikhail N. Mamontov ◽  
Irina A. Uspenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Water System ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Wide Range

Effect of Silver Ions on the Structural and Antibacterial Properties of Bone Replacement Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Iqbal ◽  
Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir ◽  
Nasrul Humaimi Bin Mahmood ◽  
Micheal Moses ◽  
Mashitah Binti Mad Salim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Silver Addition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Antibacterial materials based on calcium phosphates have wide range of biomedical applications in the prevention of microbial infections. The synthesis of inorganic mineral component of bone i.e. hydroxyapatite was done with the addition of silver (Ag) (5-15 wt %) as antibacterial agent. The wet precipitation synthesis was carried out using diammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate as P and Ca precursors. The presence and effect of silver addition on the structure was studied using Fourier Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The antibacterial properties of all samples were evaluated using Disc Diffusion Technique (DDT) againstS. aureus,B. subtilis, P. aeruginosaandE. coli. Antibacterial activities of samples were found to vary depending on the bacterial species and Ag loading percentage. The antibacterial assay suggested that the addition of Ag ions within hydroxyapatite can be effectively provided the required level of antibacterial activity against bacteria.

scholarly journals New particle formation in the sulfuric acid–dimethylamine–water system: reevaluation of CLOUD chamber measurements and comparison to an aerosol nucleation and growth model

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 845-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Kürten ◽  
Chenxi Li ◽  
Federico Bianchi ◽  
Joachim Curtius ◽  
António Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Concentration ◽  
Water System ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Flow Tube ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. A recent CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber study showed that sulfuric acid and dimethylamine produce new aerosols very efficiently and yield particle formation rates that are compatible with boundary layer observations. These previously published new particle formation (NPF) rates are reanalyzed in the present study with an advanced method. The results show that the NPF rates at 1.7 nm are more than a factor of 10 faster than previously published due to earlier approximations in correcting particle measurements made at a larger detection threshold. The revised NPF rates agree almost perfectly with calculated rates from a kinetic aerosol model at different sizes (1.7 and 4.3 nm mobility diameter). In addition, modeled and measured size distributions show good agreement over a wide range of sizes (up to ca. 30 nm). Furthermore, the aerosol model is modified such that evaporation rates for some clusters can be taken into account; these evaporation rates were previously published from a flow tube study. Using this model, the findings from the present study and the flow tube experiment can be brought into good agreement for the high base-to-acid ratios (∼ 100) relevant for this study. This confirms that nucleation proceeds at rates that are compatible with collision-controlled (a.k.a. kinetically controlled) NPF for the conditions during the CLOUD7 experiment (278 K, 38 % relative humidity, sulfuric acid concentration between 1 × 106 and 3 × 107 cm−3, and dimethylamine mixing ratio of ∼ 40 pptv, i.e., 1 × 109 cm−3).

The effect of tree sprays of calcium, boron, zinc and naphthaleneacetic acid, alone and in all combinations, on the incidence of storage disorders in Merton apples

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Martin ◽  
TL Lewis ◽  
J Cerny ◽  
DA Ratkowsky
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
One Year ◽  
Storage Disorders

The effect of four whole-tree sprays at monthly intervals on the fruit mineral element content and on the incidence of storage disorders in Merton apples was investigated for three years. Calcium nitrate, boric acid, zinc nitrate and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were applied singly and in all possible combinations. There were no significant treatment interactions, which implied an absence of synergistic or antagonistic effects between spray components. Calcium nitrate was the only compound whose application consistently reduced the incidence of bitter pit and breakdown following cool storage for 4 months. In one year NAA reduced the incidence of these disorders, but it also reduced mean fruit size and increased the concentration of most of the mineral elements, including calcium, in the fruit at harvest. Zinc nitrate sprays had no effect. Boron application promoted the development of core flush in one year and of breakdown in two years, but did not affect the incidence of bitter pit. No relationship was observed between the levels of calcium and boron in the fruit.

Study on Entrainment From High-Viscosity Falling Liquid Film of Counter-Current Two-Phase Flow in a Vertical Pipe

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Koizumi ◽  
Ryou Enari ◽  
Hiroyasu Ohtake
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Liquid Film ◽  
Silicon Film ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Silicon Oil ◽  
Falling Liquid Film ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Counter Current

Behavior of a falling liquid film of highly viscous fluid in the counter-current flow condition was examined. In experiments, water and silicon oils of 500, 1000 and 3000 cSt were used as the liquid phase and air was adopted as the gas phase. A test section vertically oriented was a circular pipe of 30 mm in inner diameter and 5.4 m in length. Flooding velocities of the air-water system were well correlated with traditional correlations such as the Wallis correlation and the Kamei correlation. However, the flooding velocities of silicon films were greatly lower than the expected. When the effect of the viscosity was incorporated into the Wallis correlation, it predicted the experimental results well. The flooding in the air-silicon system was initiated by sudden growth of a wave on the film as in the air-water system although the film Reynolds number of the falling silicon film was considerably low; 0.02 ∼ 4. A considerable amount of droplets were detected a long time before the initiation of flooding in the air–silicon oil experiments as well as in the air–water experiments. The correlations tested for the onset condition of entrainment gave much higher gas velocities than the measured. Predicted velocities were rather close to the flooding velocities. The falling film thickness was predicted well by applying the universal velocity profile to the film flow over a wide range of a film Reynolds number; ranging from a water film to a 3000 cSt silicon oil film.

Frequency Dependence of Dielectric Parameters and A. C. Conductivity of Mg-Co-Zn Nanoferrites Synthesized via Combustion Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Madhu ◽  
M. Kavya ◽  
S. Razika Banu ◽  
B. Shruthi ◽  
C.P. Sowmya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Cobalt Nitrate ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dielectric Parameters ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hopping Model

Mg-Co-Zn nanoferrite particles were prepared by combustion method using stoichiometric compositions of magnesium nitrate, cobalt nitrate and zinc nitrate as oxidizers and urea as a fuel. The structure of the sample is studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Cu-Kα radiation. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the nanocrystalline nature in the prepared ferrite samples. Dielectric and a. c. conductivity studies have been undertaken over a wide range of frequencies (100-5MHz) for Mg-Co-Zn nanoferrites at room temperature. The dielectric properties such as dielectric loss tangent (D), dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss factor (ε″) were found to decrease with an increase in the frequency. Further, a. c. conductivity of the Mg-Co-Zn nanoferrite was found to increase with the increase in the frequency. The electrical conduction mechanism in the Mg-Co-Zn nanoferrite has been understood on the basis of the electron hopping model.

scholarly journals Bottled water selection and health considerations from multi-element analysis of products sold in New York state

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Chiarenzelli ◽  
Christina Pominville
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
New York State ◽  
Water System ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Treatment Comparison ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
Wide Range

Nineteen bottled water products were purchased from stores in Potsdam and Wappingers Falls, New York and analyzed for 71 inorganic elements by inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The wide range in elemental concentrations observed suggests considerable variation in source water composition, processing, and treatment. Comparison with samples from a typical small municipal water system (Potsdam, New York) was made to evaluate the differences between bottled and municipal water and in many cases little difference is apparent. With the exception of one sample of tonic water and one mineral water, all bottled waters tested meet United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) primary standards for drinking water supplies. Ingestion of some of the waters could provide significant percentages of the reference daily intakes (RDI) of key trace elements. Knowledge of the inorganic chemistry of bottled water can help consumers select the brands best suited to their individual health needs or preferences.

scholarly journals Study of diagrams of the phase state of the PVA-water system in a wide range of temperatures and compositions

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (Supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shcherbina ◽  
A. Chalykh ◽  
A. Artyukhov ◽  
L. Bryukhanov ◽  
M. Shtilman
Keyword(s):  
Phase State ◽  
Water System ◽  
Wide Range

Modeling and Analysis of Iron Mass Transfer Behaviors in Supercritical Boiler Steam-Water System

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Hongyuan Li ◽  
Can Chen ◽  
Zilun Zeng ◽  
Hasan Izhar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Water System ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Water Circulation ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Deposition Amount ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Water Circulation System

Abstract Iron (Fe) concentration is a crucial parameter for boiler safety. However, as the working fluid circulation circuits cross each other, and the working fluid operational parameters change over a wide range, monitoring the Fe content and evaluating pipeline safety are very difficult. The mass transfer process of Fe in a complex water circulation system was described by constructing a network calculation model of Fe mass transfer in the steam-water circulation system of a supercritical boiler. The distribution of Fe and the corrosion/deposition rate in the system was calculated and analyzed. The influence of a Fe mass disturbance in single or multiple equipment on the mass distribution of Fe in the system is discussed. The results show that model calculation data is close to the operational data. Under the effect of cyclic mass transfer, both the granular and dissolved Fe cannot be ignored. During one cycle, about 36% of Fe was deposited on the system tube; however, the deposition amount in the steam generator and superheater section accounted for 81.2% of the total deposition amount, and the rest was deposited in the low-temperature pipeline. The influence of disturbance on other nodes in the network is quite different, which provides the possibility of discriminating the location of the disturbance node. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for water chemical control and safety during the operation.

Effect of various nitrogen sources on growth of Sclerotinia

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potassium Nitrite

A wide range in growth responses was obtained by two isolates each of Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. and S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) d By. in stationary culture in a synthetic liquid medium containing a number of nitrogen sources representing both organic and inorganic forms. Good sources of nitrogen were casein hydrolysate, L-proline, DL-asparagine, L-arginine, L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-histidine, L-alanine, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, L-tryptophan, ammonium sulfate, and DL-phenylalanine. Poor nitrogen sources included potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite, DL-lysine, L-valine, L-cysteine, DL-threonine, and DL-methionine. An additional eight sources were intermediate in the amount of growth supported. Growth by the S. trifoliorum isolates on the ammonium nitrogen sources was significantly greater than on the nitrate sources. No such difference was observed for the S. sclerotiorum isolates. DL-Phenylalanine ranked much lower and L-glutamic acid and calcium nitrate much higher as nitrogen sources for the S. sclerotiorum isolates than for S. trifoliorum isolates. Significant differences between the isolates of each species were observed on a number of nitrogen sources.

scholarly journals Search for the Origin of Discrepancies in Osmotic Measurements of the PNIPAM - Water System

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enikő Manek ◽  
Etelka Tombácz ◽  
Erik Geissler ◽  
Krisztina László
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Potentiometric Titration ◽  
Water System ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Osmotic Properties

Major, still unelucidated, inconsistencies exist in the literature among measurements of the thermodynamic properties of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) solutions and gels. This paper looks for evidence of intrinsic ionic behaviour in cross-linked PNIPAM homopolymer hydrogels synthesized in water under standard conditions. Systematic measurements are made of the swelling and osmotic properties of lightly cross-linked PNIPAM hydrogels, as well as of their potentiometric titration and DSC response, over a wide range of pH and ionic strength conditions, in order to distinguish the effects of the latter two parameters on putative intrinsic ions. The intrinsic ion content of the gel is found to be vanishingly small, and consequently unlikely to be the source of the divergences among past measurements. By contrast, a major finding of this study is that comparison of the present results with the literature reveals that frustrated equilibrium can be a source of substantial discrepancies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document