scholarly journals Bottled water selection and health considerations from multi-element analysis of products sold in New York state

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Chiarenzelli ◽  
Christina Pominville
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
New York State ◽  
Water System ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Treatment Comparison ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
Wide Range

Nineteen bottled water products were purchased from stores in Potsdam and Wappingers Falls, New York and analyzed for 71 inorganic elements by inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The wide range in elemental concentrations observed suggests considerable variation in source water composition, processing, and treatment. Comparison with samples from a typical small municipal water system (Potsdam, New York) was made to evaluate the differences between bottled and municipal water and in many cases little difference is apparent. With the exception of one sample of tonic water and one mineral water, all bottled waters tested meet United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) primary standards for drinking water supplies. Ingestion of some of the waters could provide significant percentages of the reference daily intakes (RDI) of key trace elements. Knowledge of the inorganic chemistry of bottled water can help consumers select the brands best suited to their individual health needs or preferences.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidium parvum Infection Involving Novel Genotypes in Wildlife from Lower New York State

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 1154-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Perz ◽  
Sylvie M. Le Blancq
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
New York State ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Pcr Products

ABSTRACT Cryptosporidium, an enteric parasite of humans and a wide range of other mammals, presents numerous challenges to the supply of safe drinking water. We performed a wildlife survey, focusing on white-tailed deer and small mammals, to assess whether they may serve as environmental sources of Cryptosporidium. A PCR-based approach that permitted genetic characterization via sequence analysis was applied to wildlife fecal samples (n = 111) collected from September 1996 to July 1998 from three areas in lower New York State. Southern analysis revealed 22 fecal samples containingCryptosporidium small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA; these included 10 of 91 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) samples, 3 of 5 chipmunk (Tamias striatus) samples, 1 of 2 white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) samples, 1 of 2 striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) samples, 1 of 5 racoon (Procyon lotor) samples, and 6 of 6 muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) samples. All of the 15 SSU PCR products sequenced were characterized asCryptosporidium parvum; two were identical to genotype 2 (bovine), whereas the remainder belonged to two novel SSU sequence groups, designated genotypes 3 and 4. Genotype 3 comprised four deer-derived sequences, whereas genotype 4 included nine sequences from deer, mouse, chipmunk, and muskrat samples. PCR analysis was performed on the SSU-positive fecal samples for three otherCryptosporidium loci (dihydrofolate reductase, polythreonine-rich protein, and beta-tubulin), and 8 of 10 cloned PCR products were consistent with C. parvum genotype 2. These data provide evidence that there is sylvatic transmission of C. parvum involving deer and other small mammals. This study affirmed the importance of wildlife as potential sources ofCryptosporidium in the catchments of public water supplies.

Morphology and molecular studies on large Neidium species (Bacillariophyta) of North America, including an examination of Ehrenberg’s types

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keely E Lefebvre ◽  
Paul B Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
New York State ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Work

The genus Neidium contains a large array of diatoms with a wide range in structural and morphological forms. Many of the larger species in this genus are old taxa dating back to the 1800s. However, there continues to be confusion over these large species including N. iridis, N. dilatatum, N. firma, and N. amphigomphus. In this study, selected Neidium taxa from North America were examined using LM and SEM images from both Ehrenberg’s original samples and present day samples from Ontario (Canada) and New York State (USA). As well, Neidium individuals were isolated from Adriondack Park, NY (USA) and Ontario (Canada), amplified using a nested PCR protocol and sequenced for rbcL and 18S barcoding genes. The sequence data was concatenated to construct phylogenetic trees using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Analysis techniques. Here we present emended species descriptions and sequence data of four previously named Neidium taxa: N. tumescens, N. hitchcockii, N. dilatatum and N. amphigomphus. In addition, we designate isolectotypes for N. hitchcockii, N. dilatatum and N. amphigomphus. A new species is also formally described—N. fossum, sp. nov.—with a designated holotype and sequence data. Neidium fossum is distinguished by its size, longitudinal canal structure, central area and proximal raphe ends. Future work combining traditional morphological methods and phylogenetic methods will allow for further delineation of Neidium species and other diatom taxa.

Access Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 1931 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
Jerome Gluck ◽  
Jean Michel ◽  
Michael Geiger ◽  
Maya Varughese
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
New York State ◽  
High Volume ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Access Management ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Wide Range

This paper discusses issues encountered in developing a retrofit project for a roadway in a densely developed, commercialized area. The project was initiated, directed, and funded by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT). Numerous major shopping centers and a high volume of through traffic produce congestion and affect safety. NY-27, also known as Sunrise Highway, is a principal arterial in suburban Long Island. The conditions along NY-27 reflect what happens when development approvals are granted by local land use agencies without sufficient consideration of whether the transportation system can accommodate the associated traffic. NYSDOT, in this case, was put in the position of attempting to implement a retrofit project to mitigate the traffic and safety conditions. The proximity of shopping center driveways to each other and to nearby intersections results in weaving movements and heavy turning-movement volumes that block the through travel lanes and cause overlapping conflicts. The significant traffic congestion and high accident rate reflect the problems caused by inadequate access spacing and need for improved access management. The improvement options identified represented a wide range of access management strategies and configurations. The options were screened and modified to reflect community desires and business concerns. This paper reviews operational and safety problems, identifies a theoretical access configuration along the NY-27 corridor that could mitigate these problems, and reviews the alternative that was approved and is being progressed. The approved alternative reflects real-world considerations that affect a retrofit project.

scholarly journals THE HEALTH-RELATED TASKS PAID CAREGIVERS IN NEW YORK STATE PERFORM IN THE HOME

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S216-S216
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Reckrey ◽  
Emma Tsui ◽  
R S Morrison ◽  
Emma Geduldig ◽  
Robyn Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New York State ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Paid Caregivers ◽  
At Home

Abstract Paid caregivers (e.g. home health aides, personal care attendants) are formally tasked with helping older adults with functional impairment meet their basic needs at home. This study used semi-structured interviews (n=30) with dyads of patients or their proxies and their paid caregivers in New York City to 1) understand the range of health-related tasks paid caregivers perform in the home and 2) determine if these tasks are taught in the New York State government’s Department of Health curricula. We found that patients, proxies, and paid caregivers all described that paid caregivers performed a wide range of health-related tasks that were often not a part of their formal training. Creating clear competencies for paid caregivers that reflect the full breadth of health-related tasks they may perform at home will help maximize the potentially positive impact of the paid caregiver workforce on the lives of patients living at home with functional impairment.

A Technical Overview of the New York State Mesonet Standard Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1827-1845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald A. Brotzge ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
C. D. Thorncroft ◽  
E. Joseph ◽  
N. Bain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Quality Control ◽  
Weather Extremes ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
York State ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe New York State Mesonet (NYSM) is a network of 126 standard environmental monitoring stations deployed statewide with an average spacing of 27 km. The primary goal of the NYSM is to provide high-quality weather data at high spatial and temporal scales to improve atmospheric monitoring and prediction, especially for extreme weather events. As compared with other statewide networks, the NYSM faced considerable deployment obstacles with New York’s complex terrain, forests, and very rural and urban areas; its wide range of weather extremes; and its harsh winter conditions. To overcome these challenges, the NYSM adopted a number of innovations unique among statewide monitoring systems, including 1) strict adherence to international siting standards and metadata documentation; 2) a hardened system design to facilitate continued operations during extreme, high-impact weather; 3) a station design optimized to monitor winter weather conditions; and 4) a camera installed at every site to aid situational awareness. The network was completed in spring of 2018 and provides data and products to a variety of sectors including weather monitoring and forecasting, emergency management, agriculture, transportation, utilities, and education. This paper focuses on the standard network of the NYSM and reviews the network siting, site configuration, sensors, site communications and power, network operations and maintenance, data quality control, and dissemination. A few example analyses are shown that highlight the benefits of the NYSM.

scholarly journals Long-term Effects of Training Systems and Rootstocks on ‘McIntosh’ and ‘Honeycrisp’ Performance, a 20-year Study in a Northern Cold Climate—Part 2: Economic Analysis

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 978-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Lordan ◽  
Anna Wallis ◽  
Poliana Francescatto ◽  
Terence L. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
New York State ◽  
Training System ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
York State ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Wide Range

Orchard profitability relies on multiple factors such as cultivar, planting density, training system, rootstock, and fruit quality but is also strongly affected by growing climate and soil resources. To evaluate orchard profitability in a northern cold climate, a field trial was planted in Peru, Clinton County, NY, in 2002, with two apple cultivars (Honeycrisp and McIntosh), where we compared the Central Leader (CL) training system on ‘M.M.111’ rootstock; Slender Pyramid (SP) on ‘M.26’ and ‘Geneva® 30’ (‘G.30’); Vertical Axis (VA) on ‘M.9 (Nic® 29)’ (‘M.9’), ‘Budagovsky 9’ (‘B.9’), and ‘G.16’; SolAxe (SA) on ‘M.9’, ‘B.9’, and ‘G.16’; and Tall Spindle (TS) on ‘M.9’, ‘B.9’, and ‘G.16’. CL was planted at 539 trees/ha, SP at 1097 trees/ha, VA and SA at 1794 trees/ha, and TS at 3230 trees/ha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic profitability of ‘Honeycrisp’ and ‘McIntosh’ at a wide range of planting densities, training systems, and rootstocks for cold areas such as northern New York state. A secondary goal was to assess the effect of various economic factors on the net present value (NPV) of each combination of training system, rootstock, and density. High NPV was achieved with ‘Honeycrisp’ (≈$450,000/ha), whereas NPV was significantly lower with ‘McIntosh’ (≈$80,000/ha). Within ≈5 years, ‘Honeycrisp’ planted in a TS (3230 trees/ha) reached a positive NPV, whereas 9 years were needed when ‘Honeycrisp’ was planted in a CL system at 539 trees/ha. With ‘McIntosh’, break-even year to positive NPV (BYPNPV) was reached at 9 years for TS on ‘M.9’. Most of the other training system and rootstock combinations needed up to 11–13 years to show a positive NPV. The most important variables affecting orchard NPV in our trial were fruit price and yield. The best option for ‘Honeycrisp’ in northern New York State appears to be TS on either ‘B.9’ or ‘M.9’, whereas with ‘McIntosh’, the best option appears to be TS on ‘M.9’.

Municipal Water Works Organization in New York State

1946 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
E. J. Rowe ◽  
C. A. Engelder
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State ◽  
Municipal Water

Access Management at a High-Volume Interchange

2003 ◽  
Vol 1858 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Gluck ◽  
Peter King
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
New York State ◽  
High Volume ◽  
York State Department ◽  
Traffic Operations ◽  
Access Management ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Level

Alternatives for improving operations and safety at the complex urban Highbridge Interchange of the Cross Bronx Expressway (Interstate 95) and the Major Deegan Expressway (Interstate 87) in New York City are presented. These alternatives were developed as part of the Bronx Arterial Needs Major Investment Study (BAN MIS) that is being performed for the New York State Department of Transportation. The unusually high levels of congestion on Interstate 95 and Interstate 87 required a high level of analysis and alternatives development for this location. This interchange experiences high levels of delay and accident frequency for several reasons. The interchange incorporates two of the most heavily used Interstate highways in the city, and both of these have a high volume of trucks. It includes or is adjacent to other heavily used facilities, including park-ways, other expressways, and high-volume local arterials and the George Washington Bridge (a 14-lane facility). Finally, it is sited in a part of the western Bronx and northern Manhattan of New York City that is severely constrained by adjacent land uses, severe grades, and elevation changes. The BAN MIS is exploring a wide range of strategies in the vicinity of Highbridge Interchange to improve traffic operations and safety. Strategies applied basic principles of access management to reduce conflicts and eliminate weaving, to separate through from local movements, and to maintain a hierarchy of roads by function. These principles are applicable to other interchange projects to help in developing alternatives for improving traffic operations and safety.

scholarly journals Blackwater Event: Water Management and Remediation at a Major Medical Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s140-s140
Author(s):  
Priya Sampathkumar ◽  
Debra Apenhorst ◽  
Al Kubly ◽  
Mark Keller ◽  
Alan Wright
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Water System ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Water Testing ◽  
Municipal Water ◽  
The Impact

Background: The CMS and the CDC recommend that all healthcare facilities have an effective water management program (WMP). Our WMP has been in place since 2010; it includes members from facilities operations, infection prevention and control, environmental services, and industrial hygiene. The team meets regularly to discuss current water issues, reviews validation data and water testing reports. Description of event: In April 2018, we suddenly experienced discolored water and sediment at multiple water fixtures throughout the 3.3 million square-foot hospital campus. The hospital incident command structure (HICS) was activated to assist in investigating and managing the situation. Immediate response: Water was deemed unsafe while the cause was being investigated. Bottled water was distributed to 950 hospital patients, and >8,000 staff and visitors. The impact included alternative methods for hand hygiene, the use of bottled water for food preparation and drinking, and the elimination of showers for patients and staff. The dialysis unit used an independent water supply that was not affected. Investigation and remediation: The hospital had 2 sources of domestic cold water: municipal water and a private well that had been in use since 1912. An investigation revealed that the well pump had malfunctioned, drawing gravel into the potable water supply. This overwhelmed the plumbing, blocked toilets and likely dislodged biofilm from the pipes. Early testing showed high levels of corrosion byproducts (ie, iron, copper, and lead) and bacterial contamination in the water, including presence of Legionella. Remediation involved isolating the well, switching to municipal water as the sole source of potable water, flushing the system, and retesting. Overall, 105 technicians flushed the water system including 6,000 water fixtures, 125 drinking fountains, and 95 emergency showers and eyewashes; they sanitized and cleaned 130 ice machines and tested 240 backflow preventers. We retested 437 water samples after remediation; all parameters had returned to the normal range. The existing water process flow diagrams were used to guide sampling for water testing. Conclusions: The hospital’s water system was brought back on line in 78 hours after the first report of “black water.” An active, mature WMP with multiple facilities technicians trained in water sampling enabled a quick response. Coordination through the HICS structure streamlined the response and enabled clear communication throughout the process.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Analysis of Toxic Metals in Seafood Sold in New York State by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Direct Combustion Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1715-1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. KING ◽  
ROBERT S. SHERIDAN ◽  
DANIEL H. RICE
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New York ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microwave Digestion ◽  
New York State ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
York State ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Concentrations of 12 metals (As, Be, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mo, Ni, Tl, Th, U, V, Hg) were determined in samples of fish and lobster obtained from various stores and markets in New York State. The seafood samples were chosen based on their popularity as a food source and the potential of the species to contain high levels of mercury based on past research results. A total of 177 fish and lobster samples were initially analyzed using combustion for Hg. The samples were then reanalyzed for several elements using microwave digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The detection limits were as follows: 20 ng/g for Th, U, and Hg; 100 ng/g for Be, Cd, V, and As; and 300 ng/g for Cr, Mo, Tl, Pb, and Ni. Twenty-two samples had mercury concentrations greater than the 1,000 ng/g limit set by the Commission of the European Communities. The highest Cd concentration (511 ng/g) was found in a lobster. This level is greater than the 500 ng/g limit set by the Commission of the European Communities. All levels of As, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni were below the U.S. Food and Drug Administration action levels for these metals in crustaceans and shellfish. The highest average mercury level (1,190 ng/g) was found in swordfish. The highest average arsenic level (13,400 ng/g) was found in monkfish. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with microwave digestion was demonstrated to be a very effective technique for analyzing fish and lobster for Hg and other toxic metals.

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