TRANSFORMATION OF AFRICAN FARM HOUSEHOLDS: A SHORT SURVEY OF ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Catherine Guirkinger ◽  
Jean-Philippe Platteau
Keyword(s):  
Technical Change ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
African Context ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
Land Pressure

AbstractThis paper reviews the scant economic literature on the transformations of farming households under the influence of land pressure, market development or technical change. Theoretical as well as empirical contributions are summarized with a special attention to the African context.

Farmers and the Market in Antebellum America: A View from the Georgia Upcountry

1987 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Weiman
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Market Production ◽  
Lower South ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

The Upcountry of the Lower South was located on the periphery of the antebellum cotton economy, but some of its subregions were integrated into the market system in the 1850s. An analysis of sample counties in the Georgia Upcountry demonstrates that the spread of market production into the western half of the region depended on local development which created opportunities for diversified market production and increased household wealth through capital gains on improvements. The absence of market development in the eastern half of the region, in contrast, limited the wealth of farm households, reinforcing their economic isolation.

scholarly journals Impact of Poultry Farmers’ Participation in Modern Food Retail Markets on Household Dietary Diversity: Lessons from Southeast Nigeria

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 611
Author(s):  
Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke ◽  
Chukwuemeka Chinonso Emenekwe ◽  
Nneka Maris Chidiebere-Mark ◽  
Jane Onuabuchi Munonye ◽  
Jonathan Ogbeni Aligbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Poultry Farmers ◽  
Poultry Droppings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farming Households ◽  
Household Dietary Diversity

This study analyzed the interrelationships between participation in MFRMs and dietary diversity of poultry farming households in Southeast Nigeria. We used cross-sectional data from poultry farmers in Southeast Nigeria and employed instrumental variable and seemingly unrelated regression models to estimate the impact of MFRM participation and major linkages to poultry farm households’ dietary diversity. The results show that participating in MFRMs, relative to traditional markets, improved poultry farmers’ dietary diversity. Moreover, dietary diversity was positively related to higher poultry farm incomes, higher value of own poultry products consumed, and larger area of vegetable cultivated using poultry droppings as manure. Furthermore, increased poultry farm income, higher value of own poultry products consumed, and larger area of vegetable land cultivated using poultry droppings as manure increased the dietary diversity of the farm households. In contrast, a higher share of poultry production revenue controlled by men reduced household dietary diversity. These findings make clear the potential of improving farming households’ nutrition outcomes by promoting participation in MFRMs and the major impact pathways.

scholarly journals Climate-Smart Agriculture and Non-Agricultural Livelihood Transformation

Climate ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Hellin ◽  
Eleanor Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Farm Households ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
Farming Households

Agricultural researchers have developed a number of agricultural technologies and practices, known collectively as climate-smart agriculture (CSA), as part of climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts. Development practitioners invest in scaling these to have a wider impact. We use the example of the Western Highlands in Guatemala to illustrate how a focus on the number of farmers adopting CSA can foster a tendency to homogenize farmers, instead of recognizing differentiation within farming populations. Poverty is endemic in the Western Highlands, and inequitable land distribution means that farmers have, on average, access to 0.06 ha per person. For many farmers, agriculture per se does not represent a pathway out of poverty, and they are increasingly reliant on non-agricultural income sources. Ineffective targeting of CSA, hence, ignores small-scale farming households’ different capacities for livelihood transformation, which are linked to the opportunities and constraints afforded by different livelihood pathways, agricultural and non-agricultural. Climate-smart interventions will often require a broader and more radical agenda that includes supporting farm households’ ability to build non-agricultural-based livelihoods. Climate risk management options that include livelihood transformation of both agricultural and non-agricultural livelihoods will require concerted cross-disciplinary research and development that encompasses a broader set of disciplines than has tended to be the case to date within the context of CSA.

scholarly journals The New Face of Latin America: Financial Flows, Markets and Institutions in the 1990s

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Capital Markets ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Markets And Institutions ◽  
Financial Market Development ◽  
Latin American Countries

The gains and difficulties Latin American countries face from financial market development and liberalisation have received much attention in current economic literature. Nevertheless, significant issues have received little or no attention, even though the success of these efforts depends upon them. The purpose of this article is to explore the benefits from open and developed – two words that are not necessarily synonymous – financial and capital markets in Latin America and possible important obstacles which will be faced in the remainder of the 1990s.

scholarly journals Farm Households Food Demand and Its Determinants in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
F. M. Oluwatusin ◽  
A. O. Adekunmi ◽  
A. Ajiboye ◽  
S. O. W. Toluwase ◽  
F. O. Osundare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Food Demand ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Food Category ◽  
Monthly Expenditure ◽  
Expenditure Share ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Farming Households

Aims: The study examined the farming households’ food demand in Nigeria by, identifying the socio-economic characteristics of the farming households, assessing the monthly expenditure share of various categories of food in the total households’ food budget, analyzing the expenditure elasticities of the food classes and examining the factors influencing food demand. Methodology: A questionnaire was used as research instrument to elicit primary data from 120 farming households randomly selected through a multi-stage sampling method. The data analyses were done through the use of descriptive statistics and Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model. Results: The results show that 61.7 percent of the household heads were men while the mean age was 45.7 years. Most (92.5%) of the household heads were educated with mean household size of 7 persons and mean monthly income of N19, 435.20. The analysis of average monthly expenditure share of various food classes demanded for by the households reveals that roots and tubers food class had the largest (48%) share of households’ total food expenditure while flesh foods and dairy products came last with just 2 percent. In addition, expenditure elasticities of the six classes of food considered indicate that  demand for roots and tubers, starchy food, fruits and vegetables and fats and oil food classes were inelastic while that of Flesh foods and dairy products and protein grains were elastic. Also it was revealed that farm households with small household sizes consume more proteinous foods. The determinants that had the expected sign and cut across all food classes were the price of individual food category and household income. Conclusion: The study analysed the farming households’ food demand and its determinants and in order to improve the farm households’ demand for food, it is recommended that policies to prevent upward or downward swings in the prices of foods in the economy should be put in place.

scholarly journals Meat productivity of young horses in the conditions of year-round grazing

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Olga Yankina ◽  
Anna Prihodko ◽  
Natalia Kim ◽  
Natalia Chugaeva ◽  
Igor Nikolaevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Morphological Composition ◽  
Peasant Farm ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Young Horses ◽  
Farming Households

Meat herd horse breeding is one of the most promising projects in the industry, especially in peasant (farming) households. Meat herd horse breeding is one of the most promising areas in the industry, especially in peasant (farm) households. The number of meat herd horses is 438.2 thousand heads, incl. in agricultural organizations 161.2 thousand heads (36.8%), in peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs - 277 thousand heads (63.2%). In the conditions of the Primorsky Territory, horse breeding is not the main branch of animal husbandry, nevertheless, there are enough territories here where horse breeding could develop successfully. Breeds such as the Vladimir and Soviet heavy draft do not require much human participation, and they themselves get their own food. At the same time, the main method of keeping and breeding these breeds is herd. The assessment of meat productivity of crossbred young horses with stallions of Sovetskaya and Vladimirskaya heavy draft breeds was carried out. The use of stallions of the Sovetskaya heavy draft breed in horse breeding allowed increasing the slaughter yield by 3.6% and improve the morphological composition of the carcass in comparison with the Vladimirskaya heavy draft breed.

Market development in the African context

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
Benét DeBerry-Spence ◽  
Sammy K. Bonsu ◽  
Eric J. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Market Development ◽  
African Context

scholarly journals Farm households' levels of vulnerability to extreme weather events in South-Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 17450-17463
Author(s):  
JN Obi ◽  
◽  
AA Enete ◽  
JO Munonye ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Farming Households

The impacts of climate change risks, risk management mechanisms, and the physical environment under which farm households operate play significant roles in poverty and hidden hunger dynamics in developing countries. Extreme weather events are most often triggers of changes in risk management, which also affect the capacity of households to absorb the resultant shocks. This paper based on primary data collected as part of a PhD dissertation in the Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, presents an analysis of farm households’ levels of vulnerability to extreme weather events in South-eastern Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 120male-and 120 female-headed farm households that constituted the sample for the study. Both structured interview schedule and focus group discussion guide were used to gather data from the respondents, which were analyzed using UNDP vulnerability index. Using household adaptive capacity approach, data were collected on human, economic and institutional capacity of farmers in coping with extreme weather events. Female-headed households were more vulnerable than their male-headed counterparts to the effect of extreme weather events with respect to some of the indicators such as farming income, years of formal education, farm size, land ownership status, number of extension contacts, access to weather information, access to remittance, membership of cooperative and assistance from National Emergency Management Agency in the area. Overall, using household adaptive capacity approach, the results of the gender-based vulnerability analysis showed male-headed farming households with a vulnerability index of 0.38 while the female-headed farming households, on the other hand, had vulnerability index of 0.68. Although female-headed farm households were more vulnerable than their male counterparts, the farmers were all generally highly vulnerable to the incidence of natural disasters because of low adaptive capacity. The study recommends that government and development partners with the responsibility of protecting the environment should be gender-sensitive and redirect more effort in mitigating the negative agricultural effects caused by extreme weather events, especially among female-headed farm households who are more vulnerable.

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