Human use of small forage fish: Improved ancient DNA species identification techniques reveal long term record of sustainable mass harvesting of smelt fishery in the northeast Pacific Rim

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Palmer ◽  
Shannon Tushingham ◽  
Brian M. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Pacific Rim ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Identification Techniques

scholarly journals Productivity of Ospreys, Pandion haliaetus, Affected by Water Levels Near Loon Lake, Saskatchewan, 1975-2002

2010 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
C. Stuart Houston ◽  
Frank Scott ◽  
Rob B. Tether
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Success ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The West ◽  
Canadian Data ◽  
Human Use ◽  
The Town ◽  
Western Half ◽  
Eastern Half

Between 1975 and 2002, diminished breeding success of Ospreys was associated with drought and falling lake levels in the western half of our study area near the town of Loon Lake, west-central Saskatchewan. Only 46% of nest attempts were successful in the west compared to 72% in the east, producing 0.88 young per accessible nest in the west and 1.42 in the east. Breeding success was greater in the eastern half, where water levels were stable, in spite of increased human use of the resort lakes there. Our unique long-term Canadian data base results support Ogden's 1977 prediction that Osprey productivity may decrease when water levels drop and fish populations are reduced.

The Fragile State

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Substantial Portion ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Early States ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Use

In his most recent book, James Scott presents us with a ‘deep history’ of the alluvial lowlands of Mesopotamia, from early domestications in the Neolithic to the emergence and consolidation of early states. Although the focus lies on Mesopotamia in these periods, Scott delves into the beginnings of the human use of fire in the Palaeolithic and draws on comparative developments in Southeast Asia, Egypt, Greece, Rome and elsewhere. He poses large questions: Why did people move into densely packed villages—‘Neolithic multispecies resettlement camps’—accompanied by the plants and animals they domesticated, but also by an exponentially increased disease load and a substantial portion of drudgery? Why did states emerge when they did, despite the fact that the main ecological and demographic conditions were present millennia earlier? What accounts for the fragility of these early states, and why do our standard histories obscure that fact? Guiding themes are ecological and demographic, but also draw explicit attention to the unintended consequences of human actions. Indeed, reflections on the Anthropocene underpin the book's arguments, and, like many others who write on this topic, Scott is motivated by deep-seated concerns about the sorry ecological state of our contemporary world and connections to long-term effects of human activity.

scholarly journals Forage fish of the Pacific Rim as revealed by diet of a piscivorous seabird: synchrony and relationships with sea surface temperature

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1610-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Thayer ◽  
Douglas F. Bertram ◽  
Scott A. Hatch ◽  
Mark J. Hipfner ◽  
Leslie Slater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Japan Sea ◽  
Pacific Rim ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
Forage Fishes

We tested the hypothesis of synchronous interannual changes in forage fish dynamics around the North Pacific Rim. To do this, we sampled forage fish communities using a seabird predator, the rhinoceros auklet ( Cerorhinca monocerata ), at six coastal study sites from Japan to California. We investigated whether take of forage fishes was related to local marine conditions as indexed by sea surface temperature (SST). SST was concordant across sites in the eastern Pacific, but inversely correlated between east and west. Forage fish communities consisted of anchovy ( Engraulis spp.), sandlance ( Ammodytes spp.), capelin ( Mallotus spp.), and juvenile rockfish ( Sebastes spp.), among others, and take of forage fish varied in response to interannual and possibly lower-frequency oceanographic variability. Take of primary forage species were significantly related to changes in SST only at the eastern sites. We found synchrony in interannual variation of primary forage fishes across several regions in the eastern Pacific, but no significant east–west correlations. Specifically in the Japan Sea, factors other than local SST or interannual variability may more strongly influence forage fishes. Predator diet sampling offers a fishery-independent, large-scale perspective on forage fish dynamics that may be difficult to obtain using conventional means of study.

scholarly journals Safety of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Clinical Application

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youwei Wang ◽  
Zhi-bo Han ◽  
Yong-ping Song ◽  
Zhong Chao Han
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Human Use

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise as therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine and autoimmune diseases, based on their differentiation abilities and immunosuppressive properties. However, the therapeutic applications raise a series of questions about the safety of culture-expanded MSCs for human use. This paper summarized recent findings about safety issues of MSCs, in particular their genetic stability in long-termin vitroexpansion, their cryopreservation, banking, and the role of serum in the preparation of MSCs.

scholarly journals Nanomaterials in Soil Environment: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
SATYA SUNDAR BHATTACHARYA ◽  
Subhasish Das
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sustainable Utilization ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Lethal Effects ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Adequate Research

Nanomaterials (NMs) have become an integral part of our daily life and their extensive uproduction will only increase with the coming time. These NMs exhibit significant contrast in regard to dimension, reaction, and structure. The most important aspect of the NMs is that these can be easily manipulated and engineered to custom-suit different functions/industries. Owing totheir dynamic nature, these NMs behave differently when introduced in any medium. In soil, the behavior of NMs is significantly controlled by the interactions of nanomaterials with soil phases. Although, NMs are deemed beneficial for human-use yet these also carry lethal effects. Moreover, there is dearth of adequate research with respect to the interactions amongnanomaterials and soil physicochemical properties; their accumulation-dissolution dynamics in soil-plant systems; and their long term influence on soil health. Several NMs induce physiological stress when introduced inside the body. Thus, various researchers have devised green pathways for producing NMs, although their wide applicability is still questionable. Although the domain of nanotechnology is greatly explored yet there remain several grey areaswhich need to be addressed for sustainable utilization of these unique materials in the benefit of humankind.

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