scholarly journals Ancient DNA provides evidence of 27,000-year-old papillomavirus infection and long-term codivergence with rodents

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendan B Larsen ◽  
Kenneth L Cole ◽  
Michael Worobey
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection

scholarly journals Persistence of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infection and Increased Long-term Risk of Cervical Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 103 (18) ◽  
pp. 1387-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-C. Chen ◽  
M. Schiffman ◽  
C.-Y. Lin ◽  
M.-H. Pan ◽  
S.-L. You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection

scholarly journals Long-term fungus-plant co-variation from multi-site sedimentary ancient DNA metabarcoding in Siberia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara von Hippel ◽  
Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring ◽  
Luise Schulte ◽  
Peter Seeber ◽  
Laura S. Epp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Southern Tundra ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding

Climate change has a major impact on arctic and boreal terrestrial ecosystems as warming leads to northward treeline shifts, inducing consequences for heterotrophic organisms associated with the plant taxa. To unravel ecological dependencies, we address how long-term climatic changes have shaped the palaeo-ecosystems at selected sites in Siberia. We investigated sedimentary ancient DNA from five lakes spanning the last 47,000 years, using the ITS1 marker for fungi and the chloroplast P6 loop marker for vegetation metabarcoding. After bioinformatic processing with the OBItools pipeline, we obtained 706 unique fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 243 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) for the plants. We show higher OTU numbers in dry forest tundra as well as boreal forests compared to wet southern tundra. The most abundant fungal taxa in our dataset are Pseudeurotiaceae, Mortierella, Sordariomyceta, Exophiala, Oidiodendron, Protoventuria, Candida vartiovaarae, Pseudeurotium, Gryganskiella fimbricystis, and Trichosporiella cerebriformis. The overall fungal composition is explained by the plant composition as revealed by redundancy analysis. The fungal functional groups show antagonistic relationships in their climate susceptibility. The advance of woody taxa in response to past warming led to an increase in the abundance of mycorrhizae, lichens, and parasites, while yeast and saprotroph distribution declined. We also show co-occurrences between Salicaceae, Larix, and Alnus and their associated pathogens and detect higher mycorrhizal fungus diversity with the presence of Pinaceae. Under future warming, we can expect feedback between fungus compositional and plant diversity changes which will affect forest advance and stability in arctic regions.

scholarly journals Not a limitless resource: ethics and guidelines for destructive sampling of archaeofaunal remains

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 191059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir ◽  
Auli Bläuer ◽  
Eve Rannamäe ◽  
Sanne Boessenkool ◽  
Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Destructive Sampling ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Considerable Discussion

With the advent of ancient DNA, as well as other methods such as isotope analysis, destructive sampling of archaeofaunal remains has increased much faster than the effort to collect and curate them. While there has been considerable discussion regarding the ethics of destructive sampling and analysis of human remains, this dialogue has not extended to archaeofaunal material. Here we address this gap and discuss the ethical challenges surrounding destructive sampling of materials from archaeofaunal collections. We suggest ways of mitigating the negative aspects of destructive sampling and present step-by-step guidelines aimed at relevant stakeholders, including scientists, holding institutions and scientific journals. Our suggestions are in most cases easily implemented without significant increases in project costs, but with clear long-term benefits in the preservation and use of zooarchaeological material.

Multiple Pigmented Cutaneous Papules Associated with a Novel Canine Papillomavirus in an Immunosuppressed Dog

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-L. Le Net ◽  
G. Orth ◽  
J. P. Sundberg ◽  
P. Cassonnet ◽  
L. Poisson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusion ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Intranuclear Inclusion ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Viruslike Particles ◽  
Ventral Skin

Cutaneous papillomavirus infection was diagnosed in a 6-year-old female Boxer dog that was under long-term corticosteroid therapy for atopic dermatitis. Multiple black, rounded papules were present on the ventral skin. Spontaneous regression occurred within 3 weeks after cessation of corticosteroids. Histologically, the lesions consisted of well-demarcated cup-shaped foci of epidermal endophytic hyperplasia with marked parakeratosis. In the upper stratum spinosum and in the stratum granulosum, solitary or small collections of enlarged keratinocytes were observed with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies and a single eosinophilic fibrillar cytoplasmic inclusion. Ultrastructurally, viruslike particles (40-45 nm in diameter) were observed within the nucleus, free or aggregated in crystalline arrays. Undulating fibrillar material, thought to be a modified keratin protein, was observed in the cytoplasmic inclusion. Immunohistochemistry, restriction enzyme analysis, and molecular hybridization experiments indicated that these distinctive clinical, histologic, and cytologic features were associated with a novel canine papillomavirus.

Ancient DNA Investigation of a Medieval German Cemetery Confirms Long-Term Stability of CCR5-Δ32 Allele Frequencies in Central Europe

Human Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Bouwman ◽  
Natallia Shved ◽  
Gülfirde Akgül ◽  
Frank Rühli ◽  
Christina Warinner
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

Long-term survival of ancient DNA in Egypt: Response to Zink and Nerlich (2003)

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thomas P. Gilbert ◽  
Ian Barnes ◽  
Matthew J. Collins ◽  
Colin Smith ◽  
Julie Eklund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

scholarly journals The globalization of naval provisioning: ancient DNA and stable isotope analyses of stored cod from the wreck of the Mary Rose, AD 1545

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 150199 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Hutchinson ◽  
Mark Culling ◽  
David C. Orton ◽  
Bernd Hänfling ◽  
Lori Lawson Handley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Isotope Evidence ◽  
Northern North Sea

A comparison of ancient DNA (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope evidence suggests that stored cod provisions recovered from the wreck of the Tudor warship Mary Rose, which sank in the Solent, southern England, in 1545, had been caught in northern and transatlantic waters such as the northern North Sea and the fishing grounds of Iceland and Newfoundland. This discovery, underpinned by control data from archaeological samples of cod bones from potential source regions, illuminates the role of naval provisioning in the early development of extensive sea fisheries, with their long-term economic and ecological impacts.

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