Chemometric guidelines for selection of cultivation conditions influencing the antioxidant potential of beetroot extracts

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 332-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Strahinja Z. Kovačević ◽  
Aleksandra N. Tepić ◽  
Lidija R. Jevrić ◽  
Sanja O. Podunavac-Kuzmanović ◽  
Senka S. Vidović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF GENETIC DIVERSITY OF BARLEY AND OAT FROM THE VIR COLLECTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Loskutov ◽  
Lubov Novikova ◽  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Nadezhda Ivanova ◽  
Elena Blinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Selection Of

Under conditions of climate change, the assessment of the stability of genotypes is of particular importance. To conduct directed selection of genotypes with a narrow or broad reaction rate, it is necessary to assess their stability already in the early stages of breeding. The aim of the study was to study the stability of breeding significant traits of oat and barley samples in contrasting ecological and geographical conditions. 25 oat samples and 25 barley samples were studied over 3 years under contrasting conditions in St. Petersburg and the Tambov region. Varieties are characterized by average values of economically valuable traits and genotype regression coefficients on the influence of the bi environment according to Eberhart and Russell. The most sensitive to a change in the ecological and geographical situation were the durations of the germination-heading, germination-harvest periods and grain yield. These characters varied to a greater extent depending on the cultivation conditions than on the genotype. According to regression coefficients for environmental conditions, significant differences in genotypes were only in yield. Contrasting groups of varieties were distinguished by regression coefficients on environmental conditions, genotypes with high productivity. The durations of germination-heading, germination-harvest, the plant height reacted to the change in the environment the same in different varieties. The duration of the growing season was determined by the sum of effective temperatures above 15C. The reduction of the growing season in both crops was 3 days with an increase in the sum of effective temperatures above 15C by 100C.

scholarly journals Salicornia as a crop plant in temperate regions: selection of genetically characterized ecotypes and optimization of their cultivation conditions

AoB Plants ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devesh Singh ◽  
Anne K. Buhmann ◽  
Tim J. Flowers ◽  
Charlotte E. Seal ◽  
Jutta Papenbrock
Keyword(s):  
Crop Plant ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity among U.S. Garlic Clones as Detected Using AFLP Methods

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle M. Volk ◽  
Adam D. Henk ◽  
Christopher M. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Allium Longicuspis ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Selection Of

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been clonally propagated for thousands of years because it does not produce seed under standard cultivation conditions. A single garlic accession frequently displays a high degree of phenotypic plasticity that is likely to be dependent upon soil type, moisture, latitude, altitude, and cultural practices. The diversity observed by collectors has occasionally led to the renaming of varieties as they are exchanged among growers and gardeners. As a result, there are numerous garlic varieties available both commercially and within the USDA National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) that may be identical genotypically, yet have unique cultivar names. To address this possibility, we performed amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis on a comprehensive selection of 211 Allium sativum and Allium longicuspis accessions from NPGS and commercial sources. We used several statistical approaches to evaluate how these clonal lineages are genetically differentiated and how these patterns of differentiation correspond to recognized phenotypic classifications. These data suggest that while there are extensive duplications within the surveyed accessions, parsimony and distance based analyses reveal substantial diversity that is largely consistent with major phenotypic classes.

scholarly journals Determining Cellulolytic Activity of Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grata
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Whatman Filter Paper ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Decomposition of cellulose to glucose requires complex cooperation of glycoside hydrolase enzymes. As a result of glycoside β-1,4 bonds hydrolysis, shorter chains of cellulose, oligodextrin, cellobiose and glucose are created. A number of bacteria and fungi demonstrate the capacity to degrade cellulose. Their activity can be assessed with the use of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative methods with the use of e.g. Congo red, are used in screening studies, however, they do not provide information about the quantity of the produced enzyme. Spectrophotometric methods are more accurate and they measure the quantities of reducing sugars with the use of appropriate substrates, e.g. carboxymethylcellulose is used to determine endoglucanases, avicel cellulose to determine exoglucanases and Whatman filter paper to determine total cellulolytic activity. Activity of microorganisms depends not only on their species or type but also, among others, on substratum composition, cultivation conditions and the appropriate selection of parameters of the carried out enzymatic reactions.

scholarly journals Selection of Optimal Conditions for Cultivation of Bacillus megaterium UCM B-5710 – Producer of Keratinase

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
K.V. Avdiyuk ◽  
◽  
A.O. Roy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Selection Of

Every year the volume of production of poultry products all over the world is growing steadily. This contributes to a constant increase in the amount of by-products of poultry processing in the form of down and feather waste, which are dangerous for the environment due to the hard-to-degrade keratin protein and a large number of microbial pathogens. Therefore, the use of environmentally friendly methods for the destruction of keratin substrates due to keratinases of microorganisms is an urgent area of research. The aim of this work was to select the optimal cultivation conditions for the Bacillus megaterium strain UCM B-5710 to increase the activity of the keratinase synthesized by it. Methods. The culture was grown at 28°C, 201 rpm for 7 days on a basic nutrient medium containing defatted chicken feathers as the only source of carbon and nitrogen. The selection of optimal cultivation conditions was carried out according to the following parameters: temperature (21°C, 28°C, 42°C), stirring speed (201 rpm, 212 rpm), amount of inoculum (5%, 10%, 15% , 20%, 25%), the initial pH value of the nutrient medium (4.0–11.0), concentration of keratin-containing substrate (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%), additional carbon source (glucose, galactose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, mannitol, potato and corn starch, soluble starch, soybean meal) and nitrogen (NH4Cl, NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, urea, peptone, tryptone, yeast extract and soybean meal) at a concentration of 1%. Keratinase activity was assessed by the UV absorption at 280 nm of the hydrolysis products of keratin-containing raw materials. Protein was determined by the Lowry method. Results. The dynamics of the enzyme synthesis showed that the culture of B. megaterium UCM B-5710 exhibited the highest keratinase activity on the 3rd day, and complete splitting of feathers was observed on the 4–5th days. The selection of the concentration of the keratin-containing substrate showed that 0.5% is the optimal concentration. The study of the influence of the initial pH value of the nutrient medium indicates that the culture grew well at pH 6.0–7.0 and pH 9.0–11.0, but at pH 8.0 its growth was very weak. The culture exhibited the maximum keratinase activity at pH 10.0. In addition, at this pH value, complete splitting of feathers was visually observed. The influence of such a key factor as temperature on the growth and synthesis of the enzyme by B. megaterium UCM B-5710 culture demonstrated complete splitting of feathers already on the 2nd day of cultivation at 42°C, at 21°C the culture split feathers very poorly. The introduction of the inoculum into the composition of the nutrient medium in an amount of 15% of the volume of the medium and the mixing intensity of 212 rpm turned out to be optimal. Besides, it was shown that the introduction of an additional source of carbon or nitrogen had an ambiguous effect on the level of keratinase activity of B. megaterium UCM B-5710. Complete inhibition of enzyme synthesis was observed when ammonium sulfate was added to the nutrient medium, and partial inhibition was observed in the case of glucose, lactose, and maltose. Potato, corn, and soluble starch stimulated keratinase synthesis. The majority of inorganic nitrogen sources (ammonium chloride and nitrate) did not affect the synthesis of B. megaterium UCM B-5710 keratinase, while organic sources (urea, peptone, tryptone, yeast extract) increased the level of keratinase activity by 20–50%. However, the most effective result was obtained using soybean meal, the addition of which to the nutrient medium increased the keratinase activity by 2.5 times. Conclusions. As a result of the studies, the optimal conditions for cultivation of the B. megaterium UCM B-5710 strain were selected: the optimum temperature for the growth and development of the culture is 42°C, the initial pH value is 10.0, the stirring speed is 212 rpm and the amount of inoculum introduced is 15%, an additional source of carbon and nitrogen in the form of soybean meal at a concentration of 0.5%. This made it possible to increase the activity of keratinase by 4 times.

scholarly journals The effect of specific agrotechnology elements on production potential and prospects of the table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
Н.А. Урденко ◽  
М.Р. Бейбулатов ◽  
Н.А. Тихомирова ◽  
Р.А. Буйвал
Keyword(s):  
Table Grape ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
The South ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Standard Product ◽  
Product Output ◽  
Selection Of

Подбор представленных в данной статье интенсивных элементов технологии и их применение привели к увеличению средних значений коэффициента плодоношения по длине лозы от 1,2% на кустах с односторонней кордонной формировкой на среднем штамбе и до 7,9% на кустах, сформированных по типу спиральный кордон. При этом значения коэффициента плодоношения у сорта Виктория в разрезе всех вариантов Опыта I превосходили значения коэффициента плодоношения у сорта-эталона Италия (Опыт II) на 20,2% в среднем по длине лозы. Применение агрохимикатов ГК «АгроМастер» не оказало существенного влияния на увеличение коэффициента плодоношения, ŋ=0,57%, доля взаимного влияния факторов составляет 1,43%. Увеличению урожайности на 21% и выходу стандартной продукции на 2,4% в среднем по вариантам опыта способствовало применение внекорневых агрохимикатов ГК «АгроМастер», доля влияния фактора, соответственно, по показателям равна: ŋ=85%, при Р=0,00102<Р=0,005 и ŋ=86,6%, при Р=0,00043<Р=0,005. Формировка куста оказала существенное влияние на улучшение качественных показателей, ŋ=80%, при значении Р=0,00049<Р=0,005. В результате исследования влияния формировки куста и примененной системы внекорневых обработок на агробиологические и хозяйственные показатели интродуцированного столового сорта винограда Виктория, установлена его высокая перспективность в условиях возделывания в восточном районе Южнобережной зоны Крыма. Для получения товарного винограда сорта Виктория, наравне со своевременной и правильной подвязкой сухих и зеленых побегов, чеканкой в зависимости от формировки куста, нормированием гроздями на интенсивных виноградниках, рекомендуется применять следующие элементы сортовой агротехники: спиральный кордон на высоком штамбе, односторонний горизонтальный кордон на среднем штамбе, нагрузка на куст - 14 глазков, короткая обрезка с применением системы внекорневых подкормок. Столовый сорт винограда Виктория оценен как перспективный для возделывания в условиях восточного района Южнобережной зоны Крыма. The selection of intensive elements of technology presented in this article and their application led to an increase in average values of the fruiting coefficient in the vine length from 1.2% on bushes with one-sided cordon training on a middle trunk and up to 7.9% on bushes trained according to spiral cordon type. In this respect, the fruiting coefficient values of the ‘Viktoriya’ grape variety in the context of all experimental variants exceeded the fruiting coefficient values of the ‘Italiya’ standard variety by 20.2% on average in the vine length. Using of agrochemicals produced by the GC AgroMaster did not have a significant effect on the increase in the fruiting coefficient, ŋ = 0.57%, the percentage of cross-impact is 1.43%. The cropping capacity increase by 21% and the standard product output by 2.4% on average in experimental variants was facilitated by the use of foliar agrochemicals of the GC AgroMaster, the percentage of cross-impact, respectively, in terms of indicators is equal to: ŋ=85%, with Р=0.00102<Р=0.005 and ŋ=86.6%, with P=0.00043<P=0.005. The bush training had a significant effect on the improvement of quality indicators, ŋ=80%, with P=0.00049<P=0.005. As a result of the study on the effect of the bush training and the applied system of foliar dressing on agro-biological and economic indicators of the introduced table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’, its high prospects in cultivation conditions of the Eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea was established. To obtain grapes of the ‘Viktoriya’ variety of commercial quality, along with well-timed and correct tying of dry and green shoots, topping in dependence with the bush training, bunch control in intensive vineyards, it is recommended to use the following elements of varietal agrotechnology: a spiral cordon on an upper trunk, a one-sided horizontal cordon on a middle trunk, bush loading of 14 eyes, short pruning using system of foliar dressing. The table grape variety ‘Viktoriya’ is assessed as promising for cultivation in the conditions of the Eastern area of the South Coast zone of Crimea.

scholarly journals PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION FOR INCREASED INTRACELLULAR INULINASE ACTIVITY OF A YEAST STRAIN

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kabaivanova ◽  
Adriana Goushterova ◽  
Mariya Brazkova ◽  
Petar Grozdanov ◽  
Elena Chorukova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Strain ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Parameters Optimization ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Inulinase Activity ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Extracellular Activity ◽  
Selection Of

This study reveals the selection of a yeast strain, possessing inulinase activity and finding the optimal conditions of cultivation. Intra- and extracellular activity assay was performed after cultivation on media, containing inulin as a sole source of carbon. Optimization of the cultivation conditions was carried out for establishing the favorable conditions for biosynthesis of inulinase. Modifying the physicochemical and nutritional parameters of a cultivation process lead to major improvement of the enzyme activity. Highest intra- and extracellular inulinase activity was registered when 1.5% inulin was used, 5 % inoculum, temperature 28°C, pH=6.5 and agitation of 200rpm. The selected strain Kluyveromyces sp. C showed higher values for the intracellular inulinase activity, making it suitable for immobilization and further use. Key words: Kluyveromyces sp., inulinase activity, parameters optimization

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