Significance of the trans-cordilleran olympic-wallowa zone in geologic evolution of the Washington and British Columbia coastal regions

2005 ◽  
pp. 73-132
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Coastal Regions

Late Pleistocene stratigraphy of south-central British Columbia

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Fulton ◽  
Geoffrey W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Valley Area ◽  
Coast Region

The late Pleistocene deposits of south-central British Columbia record two major glacial and two major nonglacial periods of deposition. The oldest recognized Pleistocene deposits, called Westwold Sediments, were deposited during a nonglacial interval more than 60 000 years ago. Little information is available on the climate of this period, but permafrost may have been present at one time during final stages of deposition of Westwold Sediments. The latter part of this nonglacial period is probably correlative with the early Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. However, deposition of the Westwold Sediments may have begun during the Sangamon Interglacial.Okanagan Centre Drift is the name applied to sediments deposited during the glaciation that followed deposition of Westwold Sediments. Okanagan Centre Drift is known to be older than 43 800 years BP and probably is older than 51 000. It is considered to correlate with an early Wisconsin glacial period.Bessette Sediments were deposited during the last major nonglacial period, which in south-central British Columbia persisted from at least 43 800 years BP (possibly more than 51 000) to about 19 000 years BP. This episode corresponds to Olympia Interglaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the mid-Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. During parts of Olympia Interglaciation the climate was probably as warm as the present-day climate in the interior of British Columbia. Information from coastal regions indicates that there may have been periods of cooler and moister climate.Kamloops Lake Drift was deposited during the last major glaciation of south-central British Columbia. Ice occupied lowland areas from approximately 19 000 to 10 000 years BP. This period corresponds approximately to the Fraser Glaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the late Wisconsin Substage of central and eastern parts of North America.

METALTELLA SIMONI (KEYSERLING, 1878) (AMAUROBIIDAE) NEW TO CANADA, AND RECORDS FOR TEGENARIA GIGANTEA CHAMBERLIN AND IVIE, 1935, (AGELENIDAE) IN ALBERTA AND BRITISH COLUMBIA (ARACHNIDA: ARANEIDA)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Leech ◽  
Marilyn Steiner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Spider Species ◽  
Apparent Distribution

Metaltella simoni (Keyserling, 1878), an amaurobiid spider species precinctive to Argentina and Uruguay, and probably southern Brazil, is well established in the southeastern coastal regions of the United States (Leech 1972: 107). It was brought to North America by commercial and trade activities, hence the apparent distribution disjunction. The first Nearctic record is 23–30 July 1944, from Harahan, Louisiana (Leech 1972: 107).

Chlorotic Spotting of Black Raspberry Induced by the Feeding of Amphorophora rubitoxica Knowlton

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stace-Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Black Raspberry ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Rubus Occidentalis

A chlorotic spotting of the foliage of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) is widespread in the coastal regions of British Columbia. The spotting first appears in June and new spots continue to develop during July and August. By mid-July, spotting occurs on virtually all plants, although its incidence varies considerably and, on some plants, only a few leaflets are affected.

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 76. Vicia angustifolia L.,V. cracca L., V. sativa L., V. tetrasperma (L.) Schreb. and V. villosa Roth.

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. AARSSEN ◽  
IVAN V. HALL ◽  
K. I. N. JENSEN
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weedy Species ◽  
Vicia Cracca

This paper provides a summary of biological data on five weedy species of vetch (Vicia). All species are naturalized in Canada and are found in a wide range of habitats with their main centers of distribution in Eastern Canada and the south and coastal regions of British Columbia. Vicia cracca is the most common and serious problem and occurs nationwide. Vicia sativa is the most variable of the species; numerous subspecies, varieties, forms and hybrids are described. Tendrils allow vetches to attach to crop plants and form mat-like infestations. Vetch species are sensitive to a number of herbicides but there appears to be differential tolerance among species to chlorthal dimethyl, 2,4-DB and others. Vicia spp. are host to several economically important pathogens and parasites.Key words: Weed biology, vetches, Vicia spp., distribution

Phylogeography of the tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) in British Columbia

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 1749-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kermit Ritland ◽  
Linda A Dupuis ◽  
Fred L Bunnell ◽  
Wesley LY Hung ◽  
John E Carlson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Ascaphus Truei

The tailed frog (Ascaphus truei) is highly philopatric, with naturally disjunct populations. To infer the historical pattern of range expansion and contraction in A. truei of British Columbia (B.C.), we conducted a randomly ampli fied polymorphic DNA (RAPD) survey, using 16 primers, of 469 individuals sampled from 22 populations in four regions. Genetic distances, based on 169 putative RAPD loci, clustered populations into three clear groups: mid/north-coastal B.C., south-coastal B.C., and interior B.C. The interior populations were the most distinct group, but their genetic distance from other groups equals that expected from isolation by physical distance alone, as opposed to taxonomic differentiation. FST values within coastal regions were moderately low (0.02-0.05) but were high in the interior (0.12) and across all populations (0.18). Within the mid/north-coastal and south-coastal regions, genetic distance showed no relationship with physical distance, while among regions and within the interior region there was a strong relationship. Gene diversity varied significantly among regions, with both the interior and south-coastal populations showing about 25% less diversity than the mid/north-coastal populations. These data indicate a complex history of geographic restrictions to multiple refugia, followed by various types of range expansion. The implications of these results for conservation efforts in this species are discussed.

Trends in wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for coastal regions of British Columbia support the variable marine survival hypothesis

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry D Smith ◽  
Bruce R Ward
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Queen Charlotte Islands ◽  
Marine Survival

Wild adult steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) abundance for rivers in British Columbia was indexed using catch-per-angler-day (CpAD) calculated from data obtained using an angler questionnaire. Mean annual CpAD for primarily winter-run steelhead in rivers of four rainfall-driven coastal regions of British Columbia showed similar trends from the fiscal year 1967-1968 to 1989-1990. After 1989-1990 the trends diverged. The generally remote rivers of the west coast of Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands maintained a steady or increasing trend in CpAD after 1989-1990. The long-term trend for these two regions correlated well with a joint index of winter and summer upwelling for the Coastal Upwelling Domain for the years that steelhead are at sea and is consistent with studies that relate marine survival of salmon to oceanic-atmospheric climate. In contrast with west coast Vancouver Island and the Queen Charlotte Islands, most rivers of the east coast of Vancouver Island and the lower mainland near Vancouver revealed declining trends since 1989-1990. Most of these rivers drain into the Strait of Georgia. Reasons for the discrepancy among regions after about 1990 are discussed. They include high angling pressure related to hatchery supplementation, differences in riverine and marine conditions, and smolt migration distance.

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