Chlorotic Spotting of Black Raspberry Induced by the Feeding of Amphorophora rubitoxica Knowlton

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stace-Smith

A chlorotic spotting of the foliage of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) is widespread in the coastal regions of British Columbia. The spotting first appears in June and new spots continue to develop during July and August. By mid-July, spotting occurs on virtually all plants, although its incidence varies considerably and, on some plants, only a few leaflets are affected.

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Stace-Smith

Raspberry indexing in British Columbia demonstrated that several varieties are carrying a latent virus that induces mild symptons in other red raspberry varieties and severe symptoms on black raspberries (Rubus occidentalis L.). The name black raspberry necrosis is proposed for the disease and virus. The virus is transmitted by the aphid Amphorophora rubi Kalt. It may be acquired by the aphid after a half-hour feeding and transmitted with a two-minute transfer feeding. Most aphids lose their ability to transmit the virus within one and a half hours after leaving the source of inoculum.


2015 ◽  
Vol 128 (8) ◽  
pp. 1631-1646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Bushakra ◽  
Douglas W. Bryant ◽  
Michael Dossett ◽  
Kelly J. Vining ◽  
Robert VanBuren ◽  
...  

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Black raspberry necrosis virus. Hosts: Rubus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Mainland Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, UK, Scotland), North America (Canada, British Columbia, USA, Michigan, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Wisconsin), Oceania (Australia, New Zealand).


Author(s):  
Robert VanBuren ◽  
Doug Bryant ◽  
Jill M. Bushakra ◽  
Kelly J. Vining ◽  
Sergei Filichkin ◽  
...  

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Fulton ◽  
Geoffrey W. Smith

The late Pleistocene deposits of south-central British Columbia record two major glacial and two major nonglacial periods of deposition. The oldest recognized Pleistocene deposits, called Westwold Sediments, were deposited during a nonglacial interval more than 60 000 years ago. Little information is available on the climate of this period, but permafrost may have been present at one time during final stages of deposition of Westwold Sediments. The latter part of this nonglacial period is probably correlative with the early Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. However, deposition of the Westwold Sediments may have begun during the Sangamon Interglacial.Okanagan Centre Drift is the name applied to sediments deposited during the glaciation that followed deposition of Westwold Sediments. Okanagan Centre Drift is known to be older than 43 800 years BP and probably is older than 51 000. It is considered to correlate with an early Wisconsin glacial period.Bessette Sediments were deposited during the last major nonglacial period, which in south-central British Columbia persisted from at least 43 800 years BP (possibly more than 51 000) to about 19 000 years BP. This episode corresponds to Olympia Interglaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the mid-Wisconsin Substage of the Great Lakes – St. Lawrence Valley area. During parts of Olympia Interglaciation the climate was probably as warm as the present-day climate in the interior of British Columbia. Information from coastal regions indicates that there may have been periods of cooler and moister climate.Kamloops Lake Drift was deposited during the last major glaciation of south-central British Columbia. Ice occupied lowland areas from approximately 19 000 to 10 000 years BP. This period corresponds approximately to the Fraser Glaciation of the Pacific Coast region and the late Wisconsin Substage of central and eastern parts of North America.


2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1467-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingguo Tian ◽  
M. Monica Giusti ◽  
Gary D. Stoner ◽  
Steven J. Schwartz

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Stace-Smith

A ring spot mottling that occurs on the wild thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus Nutt.) in British Columbia was proved to be caused by a virus. The virus was transmitted to thimbleberry, black raspberry (R. occidentalis L.), red raspberry (R. strigosus Michx.), and R. henryi Hemsl. & Kuntse. Three species of aphids belonging to the genus Amphorophora transmitted the virus, but the large raspberry aphid (A. rubi Kalt.) was not a vector. The name "thimbleberry ring spot" is proposed for the virus and the disease.


1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 235-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Knowlton

An apparently undescribed Amphorophora was received from Richard Stace-Smith of the Canada Agriculture Plant Pathology Laboratory, Vancouver, B.C., Canada. This species produced leaf symptoms on Munger black raspberry, Rubus occidentalis, which differed from anything associated with the feeding of Amphorophora rubi (Kaltenbach). An examination was made of the material by Professor M. A. Palmer, Dr. F. C. Hottes and the writer. This failed to place this blackberry aphid as a described species. Therefore, it is here described as new.


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