Ochratoxin A in porcine blood and in consumed feed samples

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kotowski ◽  
J Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna ◽  
A Waskiewicz ◽  
M Kostecki ◽  
P Golinski
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Porcine Blood ◽  
Feed Samples

scholarly journals Ochratoxin A as a Suppressor of Mitogen-Induced Blastogenesis of Porcine Blood Lymphocytes

1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-223
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Holmberg ◽  
Ann Thuvander ◽  
Karl Hult
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Porcine Blood

Determination of Ochratoxin A in Feed by Immunoaffinity Cleanup and Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ding ◽  
Ziyou Mi ◽  
Yali Hou ◽  
Yigang He ◽  
Jianhua Xie
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immunoaffinity Column ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Sepharose 4B ◽  
Feed Samples

Abstract A method using LC was developed for determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in feeds. The extracted samples were cleaned up by an immunoaffinity column prepared by covalently coupling polyclonal antibodies against OTA to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose 4B. The eluates were determined by LC with fluorescence detection. Recoveries of OTA from fortified samples of 1–10 μg/kg levels ranged from 84.3 to 90.0%, with CVs of 3.3–7.8%. The detection limit was 0.045 μg/kg based on an S/N of 3:1. A total of 65 feed samples were screened for OTA with the proposed method. The results showed that only nine samples were contaminated with OTAs at low levels. The presented method was successfully applied to quantify OTAs in real feed samples.

Ochratoxin A and some of its derivatives modulate radical formation of porcine blood monocytes and granulocytes

Toxicology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 199 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Müller ◽  
Beate Burkert ◽  
Uta Möller ◽  
Roland Diller ◽  
Barbara Rohrmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Porcine Blood

scholarly journals Development of a Magnetic Nanoparticles-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes (MNPs-SPEs) Biosensor for the Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Cereal and Feed Samples

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Zuohuan Wang ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Renjie Sun ◽  
Tong Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Screen Printed Electrodes ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Screen Printed

A rapid and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles and screen-printed electrodes (MNPs-SPEs sensor) was developed for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal and feed samples. Different types of magnetic nanoparticles-based ELISA (MNPs-ELISA) were optimized, and the signal detection, as well as sensitivity, was enhanced by the combined use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the MNPs-SPEs sensor was y = 0.3372x + 0.8324 (R2 = 0.9805). The linear range of detection and the detection limit were 0.01–0.82 ng/mL and 0.007 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, 50% inhibition (IC50) was detectable at 0.10 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of this MNPs-SPEs sensor in cereal and feed samples was 0.28 μg/kg. The recovery rates in spiked samples were between 78.7% and 113.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 3.6–9.8%, with the coefficient of variation lower than 15%. Parallel analysis of commercial samples (corn, wheat, and feedstuff) showed a good correlation between MNPs-SPEs sensor and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). This new method provides a rapid, highly sensitive, and less time-consuming method to determine levels of ochratoxin A in cereal and feedstuff samples.

scholarly journals Fungal contamination and natural occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in poultry feed

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
Z. Pavlovski ◽  
M. Lukic ◽  
Z. Skrbic ◽  
Lj. Stojanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Enzymatic Assay ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Feed Samples

Total fungal count, the presence of potentially toxigenic fungi and natural occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) were studied in 30 poultry feed samples (14 samples of feed for chickens and 16 samples of feed for laying hens), which were collected from different farms in Serbia at the beginning of year 2014. The total number of fungi was determined by the method of dilution and OTA was detected using the imunoadsorption enzymatic assay (ELISA). In most of the samples of chickens feed (50%) the total number of fungi was 1 - 3 x 102 CFU g-1, and in feed for laying hens the highest number of samples (37.50%) had the total fungal count from 1.4 to 4.8 x 104 CFU g -1. The species of genera Aspergillus and Penicillium were identified as producers of OTA in 21.43% and 42.86% of chickens feed samples and in 68.75% and 25% of samples of feed for laying hens. The presence of OTA was detected in 100% of samples of feed for chickens and laying hens, with average concentrations of 34.40 ?g kg-1 (feed for chickens) and 43.89 ?g kg-1 (feed for laying hens). The total fungal count and content of OTA were not above the maximum allowed quantities, even though the presence of Aspergillus and Penicillium species was found in a large number of samples (up to 68.75%). These results indicate that the tested samples of poultry feed were mycologically and mycotoxicologically correct.

scholarly journals Occurrence of mycotoxins in complete poultry feeds in the Czech Republic – Multiannual survey (2013–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 487-494
Author(s):  
P Mikula ◽  
J Blahova ◽  
A Honzlova ◽  
J Kalinova ◽  
P Macharackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Systematic Monitoring ◽  
Very High ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Broiler Feed

To assess the contamination and potential health risks for poultry, we investigated concentrations of selected mycotoxins in complete feeds sampled within the period of 2013–2018 in the Czech Republic. Broiler feeds, feeds for laying hens, chickens and/or other poultry species were investigated by ELISA methods or chromatography. Our results demonstrated that unlike other mycotoxins, (such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A or zearalenone), deoxynivalenol (DON) may represent a potential threat. The prevalence of this mycotoxin in all the feed categories was very high, always reaching at least 81.29%. Moreover, in 14 of the 139 analysed broiler feed samples (i.e., in 10.81% of samples), DON was detected in concentrations exceeding the recent guidance value of 5 000 µg/kg established by EU legislation. Since previous studies demonstrated that the long-term feeding of such a highly contaminated diet could cause stress in the animals and could lead to their growth suppression, good agricultural practices and the further systematic monitoring of Czech poultry feeds are still highly needed.

scholarly journals Occurrence of ochratoxin A in animal tissues and feeds in Poland in 2014–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pietruszka ◽  
Marta Piątkowska ◽  
Piotr Jedziniak
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Toxic Metabolite ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Feed Analysis ◽  
Feed Samples

AbstractIntroduction: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a toxic metabolite mainly produced by Aspergillus spp. and Penicillum spp. fungi. Research on the contamination of cereals, complete feeds, and tissues with this mycotoxin has indicated that it can be a toxicological problem impacting animal health and food safety in temperate climes. OTA contamination mainly besets the global pig industry, necessitating the monitoring of feeds and animal tissues. The aim of the study was to present the results of the official monitoring of OTA in animal tissues and feeds in Poland in 2014–2016 and determine the possible correlation between the presence of OTA in different types of samples.Material and Methods: The presence of ochratoxin A was determined using accepted procedures based on liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean-up. Determination of OTA was afforded in the range of 0.3 μg/kg to 300 μg/kg in complete feeds and from 0.2 μg/kg to 150 μg/kg in the kidneys, liver, and muscles.Results: Over the three year span, about 23.5% of the animal tissues samples were contaminated by ochratoxin A. In the 2014 survey, 10% of the sample tissues contained 5–10 μg/kg (only one sample above 10 μg/kg), and in 2015 and 2016, 24% of samples showed levels above the limit of quantification 0.2 μg/kg, while none of the samples exceeded the established provisional action level of 5 μg/kg for animal tissues. The animal feed analysis showed that 9% was contaminated with ochratoxin A above the limit of quantification of 0.3μg/kg. In 2% of feed samples the OTA concentration was greater than 50 μg/kg.Conclusion: The results confirm the appropriacy of OTA contamination monitoring and help to increase food safety.

A quantitative UHPLC-MS/MS method for citrinin and ochratoxin A detection in food, feed and red yeast rice food supplements

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A.L. Kiebooms ◽  
B. Huybrechts ◽  
C. Thiry ◽  
E.K. Tangni ◽  
A. Callebaut
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Red Yeast Rice ◽  
Red Yeast ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Future Data ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Feed Samples

Mycotoxins may cause deleterious effects (among others nephrogenic, hepatogenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, neurogenic) in animals and humans, therefore they have been intensely studied and monitored over the years. For citrinin (CIT), a nephrotoxic mycotoxin, however, this has not yet been the case. According to the latest European Food Safety Authority report, a correct risk assessment of CIT was not possible due to the lack of occurrence data. Besides, traces of CIT or its metabolite, dehydrocitrinone are widely (in up to 90% of samples) present in human urine according to recent Belgian and German scientific reports, which might imply chronic exposure. Only recently, a European maximum limit has been set for CIT in cholesterol reducing food supplements including red yeast fermented rice (RYR). During production of RYR through fungal (among others Monascus purpureus) fermentation of rice other components, like CIT, as well as nephrotoxic ochratoxin A (OTA) may form. Consequently, the present work attempted develop to a robust and routinely applicable ultra-high performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of CIT and OTA in food, feed and in RYR food supplements. The method was successfully validated based on EU/657/2002 and EU/519/2014 in RYR food supplements and wheat flour, achieving respective limits of quantification (LOQ) for CIT of 0.4 μg/kg and 0.1 μg/kg and for OTA of 15 μg/kg and 0.4 μg/kg. The average between-day recoveries varied from 72 to 110% with relative standard deviations ≤16%. Single-day validation in rice, curry and apple matrices showed LOQs ranging from 0.3-1.0 μg/kg. Next, the occurrence of CIT/OTA was surveyed in 138 RYR, food and feed samples, proving the potential of this method for future data acquisition within a risk assessment framework specifically for CIT, while also gaining information about the (co-)occurrence of OTA in edible matrices.

scholarly journals Occurrence of ochratoxin A in feed and residue in porcine liver and kidney

2005 ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milicevic ◽  
Zlatan Sinovec ◽  
Snezana Saicic ◽  
Dubravka Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Kidney Ischemia

The effect of ochratoxin A in feed for pigs, and the incidence of its residue in liver and kidney were investigated. The samples were taken from farms and corresponding slaughterhouse in different areas of Serbia. The criteria for OTA residue examination in the mentioned tissues were macroscopic alterations in kidneys, that is a marked kidney ischemia. 14 feed samples, 12 kidney samples and 12 liver samples in total were examined. The average OTA concentration in feed was 25,24 g/kg (0,0-85 g/kg). The presence of the OTA residue was found in all of examined tissues samples. The average OTA concentration in kidneys was 2,37 g/kg (1,0-8,2 g/kg), in liver was 2,66 g/kg (1,2-5,5 g/kg). The experiment showed that the average OTA concentration in feed of farm A in contrast to farm B was significantly low (p < 0,05), in liver was significantly lower (p < 0,01), while in kidneys was not significantly low (p < 0,05). The correlation between these three findings was postulated and discussed.

scholarly journals Fungi and Mycotoxins in Feed Intended for Sows at Different Reproductive Stages in Argentina

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Maricel Pereyra ◽  
Lilia Renée Cavaglieri ◽  
Stella Maris Chiacchiera ◽  
Ana María Dalcero
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Total Fungi ◽  
Prevalent Species ◽  
Feed Samples

The aim of this study was to evaluate fungi and contamination levels of aflatoxinB1, ochratoxin A, fumonisinB1, and zearalenone in raw materials and finished feed intended for sows at different reproductive stages. Total fungi,Aspergillus,Penicillium, andFusariumspecies occurrence, were examined.Aspergillus flavus,A. niger aggregatespp., andF. verticillioideswere the prevalent species. Fungal counts exceeded the levels proposed as feed hygienic quality limits (1×104colony forming units) at all reproductive stages. AflatoxinB1, ochratoxin A, fumonisinB1, and zearalenone were detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Aflatoxin levels in 80% samples of finished sow feeds were over the permitted levels of 0.02 μgg-1(mean228.2±95 μgKg−1). FumonisinB1was detected in all tested raw materials at levels that varied from 50.3 to 1137.64 μgKg−1and finished feed samples at levels that ranged from 99.8 to 512.4 μgKg−1. AflatoxinB1, zearalenone, and ochratoxin A were not detected in raw materials. All finished feeds were negative for zearalenone contamination whereas all nonpregnant gilt samples were contaminated with low OTA levels (mean0.259±0.123). This fact requires periodic monitoring to prevent the occurrence of mycotoxicosis in animal production, to reduce the economic losses, and to minimize hazards to human health.

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