scholarly journals Occurrence of ochratoxin A in feed and residue in porcine liver and kidney

2005 ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milicevic ◽  
Zlatan Sinovec ◽  
Snezana Saicic ◽  
Dubravka Vukovic
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Kidney Ischemia

The effect of ochratoxin A in feed for pigs, and the incidence of its residue in liver and kidney were investigated. The samples were taken from farms and corresponding slaughterhouse in different areas of Serbia. The criteria for OTA residue examination in the mentioned tissues were macroscopic alterations in kidneys, that is a marked kidney ischemia. 14 feed samples, 12 kidney samples and 12 liver samples in total were examined. The average OTA concentration in feed was 25,24 g/kg (0,0-85 g/kg). The presence of the OTA residue was found in all of examined tissues samples. The average OTA concentration in kidneys was 2,37 g/kg (1,0-8,2 g/kg), in liver was 2,66 g/kg (1,2-5,5 g/kg). The experiment showed that the average OTA concentration in feed of farm A in contrast to farm B was significantly low (p < 0,05), in liver was significantly lower (p < 0,01), while in kidneys was not significantly low (p < 0,05). The correlation between these three findings was postulated and discussed.

Determination of Ochratoxin A in Feed by Immunoaffinity Cleanup and Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ding ◽  
Ziyou Mi ◽  
Yali Hou ◽  
Yigang He ◽  
Jianhua Xie
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Immunoaffinity Column ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Sepharose 4B ◽  
Feed Samples

Abstract A method using LC was developed for determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in feeds. The extracted samples were cleaned up by an immunoaffinity column prepared by covalently coupling polyclonal antibodies against OTA to cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose 4B. The eluates were determined by LC with fluorescence detection. Recoveries of OTA from fortified samples of 1–10 μg/kg levels ranged from 84.3 to 90.0%, with CVs of 3.3–7.8%. The detection limit was 0.045 μg/kg based on an S/N of 3:1. A total of 65 feed samples were screened for OTA with the proposed method. The results showed that only nine samples were contaminated with OTAs at low levels. The presented method was successfully applied to quantify OTAs in real feed samples.

scholarly journals Glutathione Conjugates of Ochratoxin a as Biomarkers of Exposure / Glutationski Konjugati Okratoksina A Kao Biomarkeri Izloženosti

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Tozlovanu ◽  
Delphine Canadas ◽  
Annie Pfohl-Leszkowicz ◽  
Christine Frenette ◽  
Robert J. Paugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Amide Bond ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dark Agouti ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney

AbstractIn the present study the photoreactivity of the fungal carcinogen ochratoxin A (OTA) has been utilised to generate authentic samples of reduced glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) conjugates of the parent toxin. These conjugates, along with the nontoxic OTα, which is generated through hydrolysis of the amide bond of OTA by carboxypeptidase A, were utilised as biomarkers to study the metabolism of OTA in the liver and kidney of male and female Dark Agouti rats. Male rats are more susceptible than female rats to OTA carcinogenesis with the kidney being the target organ. Our studies show that the distribution of OTA in male and female rat kidney is not significantly different. However, the extent of OTA metabolism was greater in male than female rats. Much higher levels of OTα were detected in the liver compared to the kidney, and formation of OTα is a detoxification pathway for OTA. These findings suggest that differences in metabolism between male and female rats could provide an explanation for the higher sensitivity of male rats to OTA toxicity

Protective Role of Melatonin and Coenzyme Q10 in Ochratoxin A Toxicity in Rat Liver and Kidney

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Sutken ◽  
Erinc Aral ◽  
Filiz Ozdemir ◽  
Sema Uslu ◽  
Ozkan Alatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Melatonin (MEL) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) both display antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties. In the present study, the effect of MEL and CoQ10 on the oxidative stress and fibrosis induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) administration in rats was investigated. Rats were divided into five equal groups, each consisting of seven rats: (1) controls; (2) OTA-treated rats (289 μg/kg/day); (3) OTA+MEL–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA + 10 mg/kg/day MEL); and (4) OTA+CoQ10–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA +1 mg/100 g/day body weight (bw) CoQ10). After 4 weeks of treatment, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured in the homogenates of liver and kidney. In the OTA-treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly increased when compared with the levels of control, whereas GPx activities decreased. In OTA+MEL–treated rats, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats; however; GPX activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ10–treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp were decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats, whereas GPx activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ 10–treated group, the levels of MDA, Hyp, and GPx were not significantly changed in kidney when compared with OTA-treated group. MEL has a protective effect against OTA toxicity through an inhibition of the oxidative damage and fibrosis both liver and kidney. Although CoQ10 has protective effect against OTA toxicity in liver tissue, it has no effect in kidney tissue.

Time dependence of electrical bioimpedance on porcine liver and kidney under a 50 Hz ac current

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1701-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Spottorno ◽  
M Multigner ◽  
G Rivero ◽  
L Álvarez ◽  
J de la Venta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Electrical Bioimpedance ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ac Current

scholarly journals Development of a Magnetic Nanoparticles-Based Screen-Printed Electrodes (MNPs-SPEs) Biosensor for the Quantification of Ochratoxin A in Cereal and Feed Samples

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Zuohuan Wang ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Renjie Sun ◽  
Tong Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Screen Printed Electrodes ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Screen Printed

A rapid and sensitive electrochemical biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles and screen-printed electrodes (MNPs-SPEs sensor) was developed for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) in cereal and feed samples. Different types of magnetic nanoparticles-based ELISA (MNPs-ELISA) were optimized, and the signal detection, as well as sensitivity, was enhanced by the combined use of screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the MNPs-SPEs sensor was y = 0.3372x + 0.8324 (R2 = 0.9805). The linear range of detection and the detection limit were 0.01–0.82 ng/mL and 0.007 ng/mL, respectively. In addition, 50% inhibition (IC50) was detectable at 0.10 ng/mL. The limit of detection (LOD) of this MNPs-SPEs sensor in cereal and feed samples was 0.28 μg/kg. The recovery rates in spiked samples were between 78.7% and 113.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 3.6–9.8%, with the coefficient of variation lower than 15%. Parallel analysis of commercial samples (corn, wheat, and feedstuff) showed a good correlation between MNPs-SPEs sensor and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). This new method provides a rapid, highly sensitive, and less time-consuming method to determine levels of ochratoxin A in cereal and feedstuff samples.

scholarly journals Fungal contamination and natural occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in poultry feed

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
Z. Pavlovski ◽  
M. Lukic ◽  
Z. Skrbic ◽  
Lj. Stojanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Enzymatic Assay ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Feed Samples

Total fungal count, the presence of potentially toxigenic fungi and natural occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) were studied in 30 poultry feed samples (14 samples of feed for chickens and 16 samples of feed for laying hens), which were collected from different farms in Serbia at the beginning of year 2014. The total number of fungi was determined by the method of dilution and OTA was detected using the imunoadsorption enzymatic assay (ELISA). In most of the samples of chickens feed (50%) the total number of fungi was 1 - 3 x 102 CFU g-1, and in feed for laying hens the highest number of samples (37.50%) had the total fungal count from 1.4 to 4.8 x 104 CFU g -1. The species of genera Aspergillus and Penicillium were identified as producers of OTA in 21.43% and 42.86% of chickens feed samples and in 68.75% and 25% of samples of feed for laying hens. The presence of OTA was detected in 100% of samples of feed for chickens and laying hens, with average concentrations of 34.40 ?g kg-1 (feed for chickens) and 43.89 ?g kg-1 (feed for laying hens). The total fungal count and content of OTA were not above the maximum allowed quantities, even though the presence of Aspergillus and Penicillium species was found in a large number of samples (up to 68.75%). These results indicate that the tested samples of poultry feed were mycologically and mycotoxicologically correct.

scholarly journals Occurrence of mycotoxins in complete poultry feeds in the Czech Republic – Multiannual survey (2013–2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 487-494
Author(s):  
P Mikula ◽  
J Blahova ◽  
A Honzlova ◽  
J Kalinova ◽  
P Macharackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
Systematic Monitoring ◽  
Very High ◽  
Feed Samples ◽  
Broiler Feed

To assess the contamination and potential health risks for poultry, we investigated concentrations of selected mycotoxins in complete feeds sampled within the period of 2013–2018 in the Czech Republic. Broiler feeds, feeds for laying hens, chickens and/or other poultry species were investigated by ELISA methods or chromatography. Our results demonstrated that unlike other mycotoxins, (such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A or zearalenone), deoxynivalenol (DON) may represent a potential threat. The prevalence of this mycotoxin in all the feed categories was very high, always reaching at least 81.29%. Moreover, in 14 of the 139 analysed broiler feed samples (i.e., in 10.81% of samples), DON was detected in concentrations exceeding the recent guidance value of 5 000 µg/kg established by EU legislation. Since previous studies demonstrated that the long-term feeding of such a highly contaminated diet could cause stress in the animals and could lead to their growth suppression, good agricultural practices and the further systematic monitoring of Czech poultry feeds are still highly needed.

scholarly journals Determination of Oxytetracycline in Porcine Liver and Kidney

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 577-579
Author(s):  
MAKOTO SAITO ◽  
T. FUKUDA ◽  
Y. JIMBO ◽  
H. INOUE
Keyword(s):  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Pilot in vivo studies on transcutaneous boiling histotripsy in porcine liver and kidney

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 3030-3030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Khokhlova ◽  
George Schade ◽  
Tatiana Khokhlova ◽  
Yak-Nam Wang ◽  
Julianna Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Liver And Kidney
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