Biomedical research and the politics of crime control: A historical perspective

1978 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Moran
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Crime Control

scholarly journals Re-education through Labour in Historical Perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 811-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Hualing
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Revolution ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Political Control ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Political Behaviour ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Administrative Punishment ◽  
The Government

Re-education through labour (laodong jiaoyang or laojiao for short) is an administrative punishment imposed by the police. Since its inception in 1955, it has become a convenient instrument for the government to use to deal with any crisis. Its development has largely followed the ebb and flow of the CCP's political behaviour. Created as a comparatively mild suppression of counterrevolutionary activities, laojiao served as a useful instrument of punishment for dissenting intellectuals in 1958, though it was then nearly phased out during the radical years of the Cultural Revolution. Laojiao expanded quickly as a result of the CCP's anti-crime strategy after 1983, and has grown steadily ever since. It now serves multiple functions, including crime control, drug rehabilitation, investigative detention and political control. It enjoys different degrees of legitimacy and justification. Any substantive discussion on the future of laojiao has to be offence and offender specific.

Ethics of Death and Dying: Historical Perspective

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald J. Gruman
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Therapeutic Principle ◽  
The Individual

The ethical dilemmas surrounding dying and death today can be understood more adequately when placed in an historical perspective. The methodology of intellectual history is employed to examine the sequence of cultural stages from prehistory to the contemporary scene, using the concept of the death system (Kastenbaum) as an organizing formulation. It is suggested in conclusion that a modern version of the meliorist ethos can lend support to the on-going modes of biomedical research and the application of the activist therapeutic principle in medical practice. Humanity has labored and suffered too much to abandon hope at this time and either submerge the personality of the individual or turn to a nihilistic “death worship” (Borkenau).

Crime Control in Japan: Exceptional, Convergent or What Else?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brewster
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Abstract Theories about crime control in Japan have largely been based around two opposing traditions. On the one hand, cultural explanations have emphasized the exceptional attributes of Japanese social relations that contribute towards shaming and re-integrative processes. On the other hand, more recent explanations assert that Japanese crime control is converging with other countries, particularly towards penal populism. Both approaches tend to reduce explanations to a monolithic characterization that disguises variegation within Japan. Through considering the governance of illegal drug use and the Kamagasaki area of Osaka, a ‘geo-historical’ perspective is advocated to better capture the complexity and contradictions of globalizing processes and social culture and their resulting manifestations in crime control within contemporary Japan.

scholarly journals A historical perspective and prospects of biomedical research on parasitic diseases

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto SIMÕES-BARBOSA ◽  
Constança SIMÕES BARBOSA ◽  
Frederico SIMÕES BARBOSA
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

We all hope that biotechnology will answer some social and economical unavoidable requirements of the modern life. It is necessary to improve agriculture production, food abundance and health quality in a sustainable development. It is indeed a hard task to keep the progress on taking into account the rational use of genetic resources and the conservation of biodiversity. In this context, a historical perspective and prospects of the biomedical research on parasitic diseases is described in a view of three generations of investigators. This work begins with a picture of the scientific progress on biomedical research and human health over the last centuries. This black-and-white picture is painted by dissecting current advancements of molecular biology and modern genetics, which are outlined at the meaning of prospecting achievements in health science for this new millenium.

Applications of Scanning Microscopy in Biomedical Research

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 354-355
Author(s):  
T. L. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Whole Mount ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Content Information ◽  
Sectioned Tissue

Biomedical applications of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) have increased in number quite rapidly over the last several years. Studies have been made of cells, whole mount tissue, sectioned tissue, particles, human chromosomes, microorganisms, dental enamel and skeletal material. Many of the advantages of using this instrument for such investigations come from its ability to produce images that are high in information content. Information about the chemical make-up of the specimen, its electrical properties and its three dimensional architecture all may be represented in such images. Since the biological system is distinctive in its chemistry and often spatially scaled to the resolving power of the SEM, these images are particularly useful in biomedical research.In any form of microscopy there are two parameters that together determine the usefulness of the image. One parameter is the size of the volume being studied or resolving power of the instrument and the other is the amount of information about this volume that is displayed in the image. Both parameters are important in describing the performance of a microscope. The light microscope image, for example, is rich in information content (chemical, spatial, living specimen, etc.) but is very limited in resolving power.

Ultrastructure and analytical microprobe analysis of simian lung mite pigments

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
R. W. Cole ◽  
J. C. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Old World Monkeys ◽  
Old World ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lung Mite ◽  
Mite Infestations ◽  
Cardiopulmonary System

In recent years, non-human primates have become indispensable as experimental animals in many fields of biomedical research. Pharmaceutical and related industries alone use about 2000,000 primates a year. Respiratory mite infestations in lungs of old world monkeys are of particular concern because the resulting tissue damage can directly effect experimental results, especially in those studies involving the cardiopulmonary system. There has been increasing documentation of primate parasitology in the past twenty years.

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