Patterns of digestion of human chromosomes by restriction endonucleases demonstrated byin situ nick translation

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 639-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Sumner ◽  
M. H. Taggart ◽  
R. Mezzanotte ◽  
L. Ferrucci
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Nick Translation

A new banding pattern of human chromosomes by in situ nick translation using ECO RI and biotin-dUTP

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Bullerdiek ◽  
Jürgen Dittmer ◽  
Angelika Faehre ◽  
Sabine Bartnitzke ◽  
Volker Kasche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
In Situ Nick Translation ◽  
Eco Ri

Cryptic variants of acrocentric human chromosomes as analysed by restriction endonucleases

Genetica ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. De Cabo ◽  
P. Ludeña ◽  
M. Velázquez ◽  
C. Sentis ◽  
J. Fernández-Piqueras
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Human Chromosomes

Distribution of TaqI sites along human chromosomes revealed by in situ enzyme-nick translation

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tagarro ◽  
J. J. Gonzalez-Aguilera ◽  
A. M. Fernandez-Peralta ◽  
G. F. de Stefano ◽  
L. Ferrucci
Keyword(s):  
Complete Information ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
In Situ Nick Translation ◽  
Translation Procedure

We have studied the relative richness of TaqI sites along human chromosomes by means of a nonradioactive in situ enzyme-nick translation procedure. Regions with a higher content of these sequences are shown to be the noncentromeric heterochromatin blocks, whereas within euchromatin, terminal R-bands are the domains more enriched in these sites. Results obtained suggest that the method of performing enzyme digestions using time as a variable, and then in situ nick translation, provides much more complete information about the distribution of enzyme sequences along chromosomes than standard enzyme digestions.Key words: TaqI, nick translation, biotin, T-bands, heterochromatin.

Characterization of human chromosomal constitutive heterochromatin

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Babu ◽  
Ram S. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Constitutive Heterochromatin ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Distamycin A ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
G 11

The constitutive heterochromatin of human chromosomes is evaluated by various selective staining techniques, i.e., CBG, G-11, distamycin A plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2-HCl (DA/DAPI), the fluorochrome D287/170, and Giemsa staining following the treatments with restriction endonucleases AluI and HaeIII. It is suggested that the constitutive heterochromatin could be arbitrarily divided into at least seven types depending on the staining profiles expressed by different regions of C-bands. The pericentromeric C-bands of chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 9, 13–18, and 20–22 consist of more than one type of chromatin, of which chromosome 1 presents the highest degree of heterogeneity. Chromosomes 3 and 4 show relatively less consistent heterogeneous fractions in their C-bands. The C-bands of chromosomes 10, 19, and the Y do not have much heterogeneity but have characteristic patterns with other methods using restriction endonucleases. Chromosomes 2, 6, 8, 11, 12, and X have homogeneous bands stained by the CBG technique only. Among the chromosomes with smaller pericentric C-bands, chromosome 18 shows frequent heteromorphic variants for the size and position (inversions) of the AluI resistant fraction of C-band. The analysis of various types of heterochromatin with respect to specific satellite and nonsatellite DNA sequences suggest that the staining profiles are probably related to sequence diversity.Key words: polymorphism, heteromorphism, heterogeneity, banding, restriction endonucleases.

The action of ultraviolet light on the patterns of banding induced by restriction endonucleases in human chromosomes

Chromosoma ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor O. Bianchi ◽  
Martha S. Bianchi ◽  
James E. Cleaver
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Human Chromosomes

The distribution of genes on human chromosomes as studied by in situ nick translation

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 890-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. de la Torre ◽  
A. T. Sumner ◽  
J. Gosalvez ◽  
L. Stuppia
Keyword(s):  
Cpg Islands ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Nick Translation ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Dnase I Hypersensitivity ◽  
In Situ Nick Translation ◽  
Inactive X Chromosome ◽  
Active Genes

We have studied the distribution of potentially active genes on human chromosomes, using two methods: DNAse I hypersensitivity and restriction enzyme – nick translation with enzymes sensitive to methylation of CpG doublets. DNAse hypersensitivity is known to be associated with potentially active genes, and, when the reaction is detected by "in situ" nick translation, produces an R-banding pattern. Digestion of chromosomes with HpaII or CfoI, both of which should preferentially cut unmethylated sequences in the CpG islands associated with the majority of genes, also produces R-banding patterns. Deviations are attributable to overdigestion of the chromosomes, leading to extraction of DNA and loss of the specific sites that were to be detected. Contrary to the results of a number of previous workers, we have failed to demonstrate any differences between the DNAse I hypersensitivity or the degree of methylation of the active and inactive X chromosomes in metaphases from females.Key words: human chromosomes, gene distribution, DNAse I hypersensitivity, in situ nick translation, R-banding, CpG islands, DNA methylation, inactive X chromosome.

The effect of restriction enzyme digestion of human metaphase chromosomes on C-band variants of chromosomes 1 and 9

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Hedemann ◽  
M. Schürmann ◽  
E. Schwinger
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes

Human metaphase chromosomes, fixed on slides, have been treated with 8 different restriction endonucleases and 29 combinations of 2 restriction enzymes prior to staining with Giemsa. The endonucleases AluI and DdeI and the combinations AluI + DdeI, AluI + HaeIII, AluI + HinfI, and AluI + MboI have then been used to digest metaphase chromosomes of nine individuals with C-band variants of chromosomes 1 or 9, obtained by the CBG technique. The restriction enzyme resistant chromatin of the paracentromeric regions of chromosomes 1 and 9 has been measured and compared with the corresponding CBG-bands. The size of the enzyme resistant chromatin regions depend upon the type of enzyme(s) used. Treatment with AluI + MboI was the only digestion that acted differently on different chromosome pairs. However, within one pair of homologous chromosomes, all digestions revealed the same variations as conventional C-banding.Key words: C-band variants, heterochromatin, human chromosomes, restriction endonucleases.

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