Sodium, chloride and water balance in the euryhaline teleost Aphanius dispar (R�ppell) (Cyprinodontidae)

1969 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Lotan
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Euryhaline Teleost

Sodium, Chloride and Water Balance of the Intertidal Teleost, Xiphister Atropurpureus

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-524
Author(s):  
DAVID H. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Drinking Rate ◽  
Euryhaline Teleost ◽  
Xiphister Atropurpureus ◽  
Low Rate

1. The rate of loss of sodium, chloride and water via the urine and the rate of intake of sodium, chloride and water by ingestion of the medium was determined for the euryhaline teleost, Xiphister atropurpureus. 2. The urinary losses of sodium and chloride were approximately 0.5 mM/kg. fish/day in both 100 % sea water (480 mM-Na/kg.) and 10% sea water. The ingestion of sodium and chloride by drinking the medium amounted to approximately 4 mM/kg. fish/day in 100% sea water and approximately 0.1 mM/kg. fish/day in 10% sea water. 3. The low rate of urine flow in 10 % sea water and the low drinking rate in 100 % sea water indicate a relative impermeability to water in both salinities.

Sodium, Chloride and Water Balance of the Intertidal Teleost, Xiphister Atropurpureus

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID H. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Exchange Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Component ◽  
Euryhaline Teleost ◽  
Xiphister Atropurpureus

1. The effluxes of 22Na, 36Cl and tritiated water from the euryhaline teleost, Xiphister atropurpureus were determined in 100 % sea water (480 mM-Na/kg.) and 10 % sea water. 2. Only the flux of sodium in 100% sea water contained an exchange diffusion component. The relative impermeability of Xiphister is shown by its low fluxes of sodium, chloride and water in both salinities. 3. In 10 % sea water the permeability to sodium declined while the permeability to chloride and water remained at sea water levels. 4. In both salinities diffusion and active transport are the major components of the sodium and chloride balance of Xiphister.

scholarly journals Effect of Sodium Chloride Salinity on the Water Balance of Atriplex Halimus

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kaplan ◽  
J Gale
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Atriplex Halimus ◽  
Percentage Saturation ◽  
Osmotic Potentials ◽  
Chloride Salinity

Sodium chloride was found to improve the water balance of A. halimus plants under conditions of high evaporative demand. This improvement was expressed by higher values of turgor pressure and percentage saturation value in plants grown in salinized culture solutions (Knop solution to which sodium chloride was added to give final osmotic potentials of from -3 to -10 bars) as compared with plants grown in the control (Knop) solutions.

Sodium, Chloride and Water Balance of the Intertidal Teleost, Xiphister Atropurpureus

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-517
Author(s):  
DAVID H. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Xiphister Atropurpureus

1. Studies were undertaken to determine the degree of regulation of sodium, chloride and water displayed by the intertidal teleost, Xiphister atropurpureus, over a range of salinities. 2. The plasma concentrations of sodium and chloride declined by approximately 15 % in 10 % sea water (48 mM-Na/kg.) and the intracellular and extracellular spaces increased by approximately 6 % in 10% sea water.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE SUPRARENAL CORTEX

1935 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Harrop ◽  
Louis J. Soffer ◽  
William M. Nicholson ◽  
Margaret Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Free Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Intracellular Compartments

1. A group of experiments is reported in which bilaterally suprarenalectomized adult male dogs have been maintained in apparently normal condition over prolonged periods, up to 5 months, without the use of any suprarenal gland preparation or extract and by the administration of sodium chloride and sodium bicarbonate alone. Withdrawal of the salts then produced typical suprarenal insufficiency. 2. The relation of the absence of free hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice of suprarenalectomized animals, in addition to, or independent of the factor of dehydration, for the production of anorexia and hypoglycemia, is discussed. 3. Further evidence is presented in these experiments in support of the view that the suprarenal cortical hormone in the adult male dog is concerned with the regulation of sodium excretion by the kidney, and thus eventually with the proper maintenance of water balance in the organism. It has no direct influence on carbohydrate metabolism. 4. The reciprocal changes in the plasma concentrations of urea and of potassium which take place as the concentrations of plasma sodium and chlorides vary, are pointed out as furnishing a mechanism whereby abrupt alterations in osmotic pressure are dampened, and the volumes of fluids in extracellular and intracellular compartments more efficiently stabilized.

SODIUM CHLORIDE AND WATER BALANCE IN EPILEPSY

1931 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
FREDERICK PROESCHER ◽  
W. S. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Water Balance
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