Effect of modified starch concentration and freezing and thawing rates on properties of mashed potatoes (cv. Kennebec)

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1108-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Dolores Álvarez ◽  
Wenceslao Canet ◽  
Cristina Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Modified Starch ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Starch Concentration ◽  
Mashed Potatoes ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of pequi pulp by spray drying: use of modified starches as encapsulating agent

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 980-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audirene A. Santana ◽  
Rafael A. de Oliveira ◽  
Louise E. Kurozawa ◽  
Kil J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Starch Concentration

The aim of this study was to evaluate the microencapsulation of pequi pulp by spray drying. A central composite rotational design was used in order to evaluate the effect of the independent variables: inlet air temperature, surfactant concentration and modified starch concentration. The dependent variables were assumed as yield of the process and the product features microencapsulated. A selection of the best process condition was performed to obtain the best condition of a product with the highest vitamin C and carotenoids content. Powders showed moisture content below 2%. The experimental values of hygroscopicity, yield, water activity, total carotenoids and vitamin C powders ranged from 7.96 to 10.67 g of adsorbed water/100g of solids, 24.34 to 49.80%, 0.13 to 0.30, 145.78 to 292.11 mg of ascorbic acid/g of pequi solids and 15.51 to 123.42 mg of carotenoids/g of pequi solids, respectively. The inlet air temperature 140°C, the surfactant concentration of 2.5% and the modified starch concentration of 22.5% was recommended as the selected condition. By the scanning electron microscopy, it was observed that most of the particles had spherical shape and smooth surface.

Effect of freezing and thawing rates on denaturation of proteins in aqueous solutions

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enhong Cao ◽  
Yahuei Chen ◽  
Zhanfeng Cui ◽  
Peter R. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates ◽  
Denaturation Of Proteins

Comparative cryopreservation of avian spermatozoa: Effects of freezing and thawing rates on turkey and sandhill crane sperm cryosurvival

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. Blanco ◽  
Julie A. Long ◽  
George Gee ◽  
David E. Wildt ◽  
Ann M. Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Sandhill Crane ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates

scholarly journals Effect of freezing and thawing rates on sperm motility in Bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae (Pisces, Characiformes)

2013 ◽  
pp. 3295-3303 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Martínez ◽  
Sandra Pardo C
Keyword(s):  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Rapid Freezing ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Sperm Cryopreservation ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Thawing Rate ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates

ABSTRACTObjective. To determine the freezing and thawing rates necessary to maintain sperm viability during cryopreservation of Bocachico semen. Materials and methods. Four interactional treatments were implemented between two freezing (rapid and slow) and two thawing (rapid and slow) curves, in a 2x2 factorial as follows: rapid freezing-rapid thawing, rapid freezing-slow thawing, slow freezing-rapid thawing, and slow freezing-slow thawing. After thawing by Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA) curvilinear velocity (VCL) and straight-line (VSL) (μm sec-1) were analyzed; total, rapid, medium, and slow motility, were compared among treatments. Results. The rapid freezing-slow thawing treatment was lethal for all variables of velocity and motility, causing a significant (p<0.01) post-thaw inmotility of 100%. The slow freezing-rapid thawing interaction had a significantly higher effect than the other treatments (p<0.05), particularly on variables such as rapid motility (10.1 ± 1.1%), medium motility (30.16 ± 4.1%), and curvilinear velocity (51.5 ± 4.75 μm sec.-1) also decreased the percentage of sperm with slow motility (41.7 ± 4.45%). Independently of the applied thawing rate, the freezing rate generated the main significant effect on total motility. Conclusions. It is possible to conclude that the interaction effect between freezing and thawing rates is nil (except for slow motility) during cryopreservation process. However, the independent effects of these factors (main effects) on remaining motility variables are positively significant and decisive to the maintenance of these features, especially the freeze factor (when it is slow). This becomes the first successful report of sperm cryopreservation from Bocachico Prochilodus magdalenae in the world and may be used in conservation programs for this endangered species.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Sago Ozone Oxidation: The Effect of Reaction Time, Acidity, and Concentration of Starch

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Siswo Sumardiono ◽  
Bakti Jos ◽  
Isti Pudjihastuti ◽  
Arvin M. Yafiz ◽  
Megaria Rachmasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Sago Starch ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Carboxyl Content ◽  
Starch Concentration ◽  
Native Starch ◽  
Granule Morphology ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Spectral Patterns

The disadvantageous properties of sago starch has limited its application in food and industrial processes. The properties of sago starch can be improved by changing its physicochemical and rheological characteristics. This study examined the influence of reaction time, acidity, and starch concentration on the oxidation of sago starch with ozone, a strong oxidant. Swelling, solubility, carbonyl, carboxyl, granule morphology, thermal profile, and functional groups are comprehensively observed parameters. With starch concentrations of 10–30% (v/w) and more prolonged oxidation, sago starch was most soluble at pH 10. The swelling power decreased with a longer reaction time, reaching the lowest pH 10. In contrast, the carbonyl and carboxyl content exhibited the same pattern as solubility. A more alkaline environment tended to create modified starch with more favorable properties. Over time, oxidation shows more significant characteristics, indicating a superb product of this reaction. At the starch concentration of 20%, modified sago starch with the most favorable properties was created. When compared to modified starch, native starch is generally shaped in a more oval and irregular manner. Additionally, native starch and modified starch had similar spectral patterns and identical X-ray diffraction patterns. Meanwhile, oxidized starch had different gelatinization and retrogradation temperatures to those of the native starch.

GIANT PANDA SPERM TOLERATE CRYOPRESERVATION AT RAPID FREEZING AND THAWING RATES

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 107-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Copper Aitken-Palmer ◽  
Rong Hou ◽  
David Wildt ◽  
Mary Ann Ottinger ◽  
Rebecca Spindler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Panda ◽  
Rapid Freezing ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates

Rates and intensity of freeze–thaw cycles affect nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from agricultural soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Pelster ◽  
Martin H. Chantigny ◽  
Philippe Rochette ◽  
Normand Bertrand ◽  
Denis A. Angers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Rapid Freezing ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Rates

In cool temperate regions, large emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas, have been observed during freeze–thaw (FT) cycles. However, it is unclear how freezing and thawing rates, freezing intensity, and freezing duration influence N2O emissions. We used a laboratory incubation to measure N2O emissions from two soils (sandy loam, silty clay) undergoing a single FT cycle of various freezing and thawing rates [rapid (0.5 °C h−1) vs. slow (0.017 °C h−1)], freezing intensity (−1 vs. −3 °C), and freezing duration (24 vs. 48 freezing degree-days). In general, soil carbon dioxide fluxes during freezing were highest when soils were frozen slowly at −1 °C, whereas fluxes after thawing were highest from the soils frozen and thawed rapidly at −3 °C. Soil N2O emissions during both the freezing and thawing periods were greatest in the soils exposed to rapid freezing to −3 °C, intermediate under rapid freezing to −1 °C and slow freezing to −3 °C, and smallest under slow freezing to −1 °C and the control treatment (constant +1 °C). The similar N2O emissions between the unfrozen control and the slowly frozen −1 °C treatment was unexpected as previous field studies with similar freezing rates and temperatures still experienced high N2O emissions during thaw. This suggests that the physical disruptions caused by freezing and thawing of the surface soil are not the primary driver of FT-induced N2O emissions under field conditions.

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