Responses of soil moisture to regional climate change over the Three Rivers Source Region on the Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 2403-2417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingshan Deng ◽  
Xianhong Meng ◽  
Zhaoguo Li ◽  
Yaqiong Lyv ◽  
Huajin Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Three Rivers

Paleolake salinity evolution in the Qaidam Basin (NE Tibetan Plateau) between ~42 and 29 Ma: Links to global cooling and Paratethys sea incursions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Ye ◽  
Yibo Yang ◽  
Xiaomin Fang ◽  
Weilin Zhang ◽  
Chunhui Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Early Oligocene ◽  
Global Cooling

<p>Global cooling, the early uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, and the retreat of the Paratethys are three main factors that regulate long-term climate change in the Asian interior during the Cenozoic. However, the debated elevation history of the Tibetan Plateau and the overlapping climate effects of the Tibetan Plateau uplift and Paratethys retreat makes it difficult to assess the driving mechanism on regional climate change in a particular period. Some recent progress suggests that precisely dated Paratethys transgression/regression cycles appear to have fluctuated over broad regions with low relief in the northern Tibetan Plateau in the middle Eocene–early Oligocene, when the global climate was characterized by generally continuous cooling followed by the rapid Eocene–Oligocene climate transition (EOT). Therefore, a middle Eocene–early Oligocene record from the Asian interior with unambiguous paleoclimatic implications offers an opportunity to distinguish between the climatic effects of the Paratethys retreat and those of global cooling.</p><p>Here, we present a complete paleolake salinity record from middle Eocene to early Miocene (~42-29 Ma) in the Qaidam Basin using detailed clay boron content and clay mineralogical investigations. Two independent paleosalimeters, equivalent boron and Couch’s salinity, collectively present a three-staged salinity evolution, from an oligohaline–mesohaline environment in the middle Eocene (42-~34 Ma) to a mesosaline environment in late Eocene-early Oligocene (~34-~29 Ma). This clay boron-derived salinity evolution is further supported by the published chloride-based and ostracod-based paleosalinity estimates in the Qaidam Basin. Our quantitative paleolake reconstruction between ~42 and 29 Ma in the Qaidam Basin resembles the hydroclimate change in the neighboring Xining Basin, of which both present good agreement with changes of marine benthic oxygen isotope compositions. We thus speculated that the secular trend of clay boron-derived paleolake salinity in ~42-29 Ma is primarily controlled by global cooling, which regulates regional climate change by influencing the evaporation capacity in the moisture source of Qaidam Basin. Superimposed on this trend, the Paratethys transgression/regression cycles served as an important factor regulating wet/dry fluctuations in the Asian interior between ~42 and ~34 Ma.</p>

scholarly journals High-resolution ensemble projections and uncertainty assessment of regional climate change over China in CORDEX East Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 3087-3103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanghe Gu ◽  
Zhongbo Yu ◽  
Chuanguo Yang ◽  
Qin Ju ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Model Uncertainty ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau

Abstract. An ensemble simulation of five regional climate models (RCMs) from the coordinated regional downscaling experiment in East Asia is evaluated and used to project future regional climate change in China. The influences of model uncertainty and internal variability on projections are also identified. The RCMs simulate the historical (1980–2005) climate and future (2006–2049) climate projections under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) RCP4.5 scenario. The simulations for five subregions in China, including northeastern China, northern China, southern China, northwestern China, and the Tibetan Plateau, are highlighted in this study. Results show that (1) RCMs can capture the climatology, annual cycle, and interannual variability of temperature and precipitation and that a multi-model ensemble (MME) outperforms that of an individual RCM. The added values for RCMs are confirmed by comparing the performance of RCMs and global climate models (GCMs) in reproducing annual and seasonal mean precipitation and temperature during the historical period. (2) For future (2030–2049) climate, the MME indicates consistent warming trends at around 1 ∘C in the entire domain and projects pronounced warming in northern and western China. The annual precipitation is likely to increase in most of the simulation region, except for the Tibetan Plateau. (3) Generally, the future projected change in annual and seasonal mean temperature by RCMs is nearly consistent with the results from the driving GCM. However, changes in annual and seasonal mean precipitation exhibit significant inter-RCM differences and possess a larger magnitude and variability than the driving GCM. Even opposite signals for projected changes in average precipitation between the MME and the driving GCM are shown over southern China, northeastern China, and the Tibetan Plateau. (4) The uncertainty in projected mean temperature mainly arises from the internal variability over northern and southern China and the model uncertainty over the other three subregions. For the projected mean precipitation, the dominant uncertainty source is the internal variability over most regions, except for the Tibetan Plateau, where the model uncertainty reaches up to 60 %. Moreover, the model uncertainty increases with prediction lead time across all subregions.

Climate change in the Tibetan Plateau Three Rivers Source Region: 1960-2009

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 2900-2916 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiQiao Liang ◽  
LiJuan Li ◽  
ChangMing Liu ◽  
Lan Cuo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Source Region ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Three Rivers

scholarly journals Chemical Weathering of the Southern Tibetan Plateau: Study the Geochemical Weathering Indices in the Top Soils

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Yang ◽  
Juzhi Hou ◽  
Feixue San
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Lacustrine Sediment ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Climate Condition ◽  
Weathering Indices ◽  
Southern Tibetan Plateau

Abstract Continental chemical weathering has been suggested to affect the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide that influences global climate change at different time scales. Various indices for chemical weathering have been adopted to investigate past change in chemical weathering intensity and climate change on oceanic and lacustrine sediment archives. The reliability of the chemical weathering indices has been questioned as most sediments likely originate from multiple types of bedrock that may experience various degrees of chemical weathering and can thus be reliably robust indicators of climate and paleoclimate. Here we present Sr-type (e.g. Rb/Sr Sr/Ba) and Na-type (e.g. CIA CIW PIA CPA) chemical weathering indices for top soils across the southern Tibetan Plateau to discuss the chemical weathering characteristic in the Tibetan Plateau and to examine their response to regional climate variation. The results of chemical indices and the A-CN-K ternary plot show that the southern Tibetan Plateau is under the carbonate control of the primary chemical weathering stage with the cold-dry climate. Correlation analyses show shat Sr-type indices co-vary with mean annual temperature and annual precipitation while Na-type indices show little consistence with regional climate. The climate condition is the dominant control of Sr-type indices of top soils in the study area and the bedrock may be the dominant control for the Na-type indices. We also compared the corresponding indices at a Holocene lacustrine sediment profile in the Qaidam Basin in the northeast Tibetan Plateau with regional climatic records which strongly supports our observation in the top soils. The results of the study suggest that for the relative cold and dry climate in Tibetan Plateau the Sr-type indices are more sensitive to climate condition than Na-type indices. This suggests that the Sr-type indices are likely more suitable than Na-type indices to reflect the change of climate on the Tibetan Plateau. Caution should be taken for using the Na-type indices for reconstructing the past change in climate for the study area.

scholarly journals Agricultural Adaptation to Global Warming in the Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3686
Author(s):  
Yanling Song ◽  
Chunyi Wang ◽  
Hans W. Linderholm ◽  
Jinfeng Tian ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Agricultural Adaptation

The Tibetan plateau is one of the most sensitive areas in China and has been significantly affected by global warming. From 1961 to 2017, the annual air temperature increased by 0.32 °C/decade over the Tibetan Plateau, which is the highest in the whole of China. Furthermore, this is a trend that is projected to continue by 0.30 °C/decade from 2018 to 2050 due to global warming using the Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4). The increased temperature trend in recent decades has been highest in winter, which has been positive for the safe dormancy of winter wheat. In order to investigate agricultural adaptation to climate change in the Tibetan plateau, we used the World Food Studies (WOFOST) cropping systems model and weather data from the regional climate model RegCM4, to simulate winter wheat production in Guide county between 2018 and 2050. The simulated winter wheat potential yields amounted to 6698.3 kg/ha from 2018 to 2050, which showed the wheat yields would increase by 81%, if winter wheat was planted instead of spring wheat in the Tibetan Plateau with the correct amount of irrigation water. These results indicate that there are not only risks to crop yields from climate change, but also potential benefits. Global warming introduced the possibility to plant winter wheat instead of spring wheat over the Tibetan Plateau. These findings are very important for farmers and government agencies dealing with agricultural adaptation in a warmer climate.

scholarly journals The Change Characteristics and Interactions of Soil Moisture and Temperature in the Farmland in Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia, China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Zhang ◽  
Zhihua Pan ◽  
Feifei Pan ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Guolin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Basic Relation ◽  
Change Characteristics ◽  
Temperature Interaction

Soil moisture and temperature are both significant factors for crop growth and development. They are also the main influencing factors of regional climate change. In the context of climate change, the relationship between soil moisture and soil temperature is not only important for explaining the mechanism of moisture and temperature interaction, but also provides scientific suggestions for agricultural production. Since the accurate measurement of soil moisture and temperature is difficult, their relationship remains poorly understood. Here, based on real-time field observation in a potato field in Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia, China, the change characteristics of soil moisture and temperature under different water level treatments were analyzed, and their relationships were disclosed. The results show that there was an inverse proportional relationship between soil moisture and temperature. With an increase of soil moisture, soil temperature decreased. The basic relation between soil moisture and temperature took the form of reciprocal functions (Q = 4.2 × 103 V × (0.2 + W) × ΔT). The decline of soil moisture in the farmland will increase the soil temperature and has a negative impact on land–atmosphere interactions. The results can provide important insight into regional climate change mechanisms.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of spectral nudging strategy for the simulation of summer precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau using WRF (v4.0)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2827-2841
Author(s):  
Ziyu Huang ◽  
Lei Zhong ◽  
Yaoming Ma ◽  
Yunfei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Driving Field ◽  
Spectral Nudging

Abstract. Precipitation is the key component determining the water budget and climate change of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) under a warming climate. This high-latitude region is regarded as “the Third Pole” of the Earth and the “Asian Water Tower” and influences the eco-economy of downstream regions. However, the intensity and diurnal cycle of precipitation are inadequately depicted by current reanalysis products and regional climate models (RCMs). Spectral nudging is an effective dynamical downscaling method used to improve precipitation simulations of RCMs by preventing simulated fields from drifting away from large-scale reference fields, but the most effective manner of applying spectral nudging over the TP is unclear. In this paper, the effects of spectral nudging parameters (e.g., nudging variables, strengths, and levels) on summer precipitation simulations and associated meteorological variables were evaluated over the TP. The results show that using a conventional continuous integration method with a single initialization is likely to result in the over-forecasting of precipitation events and the over-forecasting of horizontal wind speeds over the TP. In particular, model simulations show clear improvements in their representations of downscaled precipitation intensity and its diurnal variations, atmospheric temperature, and water vapor when spectral nudging is applied towards the horizontal wind and geopotential height rather than towards the potential temperature and water vapor mixing ratio. This altering of the spectral nudging method not only reduces the wet bias of water vapor in the lower troposphere of the ERA-Interim reanalysis (when it is used as the driving field) but also alleviates the cold bias of atmospheric temperatures in the upper troposphere, while maintaining the accuracy of horizontal wind features for the regional model field. The conclusions of this study imply how driving field errors affect model simulations, and these results may improve the reliability of RCM results used to study the long-term regional climate change.

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of spectral nudging strategy for the simulation of summer precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyu Huang ◽  
Lei Zhong ◽  
Yaoming Ma ◽  
Yunfei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Spectral Nudging ◽  
Reference Fields

Abstract. Precipitation is the key component determining the water budget and climate change of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) under a warming climate. This high-latitude region is regarded as the Third Pole of the Earth and the Asian Water Tower and influences the eco-economy of downstream regions. However, the intensity and diurnal cycle of precipitation are inadequately depicted by current reanalysis products and regional climate models (RCMs). Spectral nudging is an effective dynamical downscaling method used to improve precipitation simulations of RCMs by preventing simulated fields from drifting away from large-scale reference fields, but the most effective manner of applying spectral nudging over the TP is unclear. In this paper, the effects of spectral nudging parameters (e.g., nudging variables, strengths and levels) on summer precipitation simulations and associated meteorological variables were evaluated over the TP. The results show that using a conventional continuous integration method with a single initialization is likely to result in the overforecasting of precipitation events and the overforecasting of horizontal wind speeds over the TP. In particular, model simulations show clear improvements in their representations of downscaled precipitation intensity and its diurnal variations, atmospheric temperature and water vapor when spectral nudging is applied towards the horizontal wind and geopotential height rather than towards the potential temperature and water vapor mixing ratio. This altering to the spectral nudging method not only reduces the wet bias of water vapor in the lower troposphere of the ERA-Interim reanalysis (when it is used as the reference fields) but also alleviates the cold bias of atmospheric temperatures in the upper troposphere, while maintaining the accuracy of horizontal wind features for the simulated fields. The conclusions of this study imply how reference fields errors impact model simulations, and these results may improve the reliability of RCM results used to study the long-term regional climate change.

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