scholarly journals Spectroscopy of High-Energy States of Lanthanide Ions

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (18) ◽  
pp. 2649-2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Reid ◽  
Liusen Hu ◽  
Sebastian Frank ◽  
Chang-Kui Duan ◽  
Shangda Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Energy States

scholarly journals Measurement of the structure of potential cluster bands and absolute branching ratios of high-energy states in 18O*

2020 ◽  
Vol 1643 ◽  
pp. 012155
Author(s):  
S. Pirrie ◽  
C. Wheldon ◽  
Tz. Kokalova ◽  
J. Bishop ◽  
R. Hertenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Branching Ratios ◽  
Energy States

scholarly journals Upconversion emissions from high-energy states of Eu^3+ sensitized by Yb^3+ and Ho^3+ in β-NaYF_4 microcrystals under 980 nm excitation

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (25) ◽  
pp. 25471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wang ◽  
Zhenyu Liu ◽  
Zhe Chen ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Guanshi Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy States ◽  
Upconversion Emissions

scholarly journals Negative energy states in the Reissner–Nordström metric

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150120
Author(s):  
O. B. Zaslavskii
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Infinite Chain ◽  
White Hole ◽  
Negative Energy States ◽  
Energy Formula ◽  
High Energy Collisions ◽  
Energy States

We consider electrogeodesics on which the energy [Formula: see text] in the Reissner–Nordström metric. It is shown that outside the horizon there is exactly one turning point inside the ergoregion for such particles. This entails that such a particle passes through an infinite chain of black–white hole regions or terminates in the singularity. These properties are relevant for two scenarios of high energy collisions in which the presence of white holes is essential.

scholarly journals Clusters of isoleucine, leucine, and valine side chains define cores of stability in high-energy states of globular proteins: Sequence determinants of structure and stability

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar V. Kathuria ◽  
Yvonne H. Chan ◽  
R. Paul Nobrega ◽  
Ayşegül Özen ◽  
C. Robert Matthews
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Globular Proteins ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Structure And Stability ◽  
Energy States

Catalysis of the Photo-Fries Reaction:  Antibody-Mediated Stabilization of High Energy States

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (50) ◽  
pp. 15395-15401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobin J. Dickerson ◽  
Martin R. Tremblay ◽  
Timothy Z. Hoffman ◽  
Diana I. Ruiz ◽  
Kim D. Janda
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Energy States ◽  
Fries Reaction

scholarly journals High-energy brain dynamics during anesthesia-induced unconsciousness

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Riehl ◽  
Ben J. Palanca ◽  
ShiNung Ching
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Brain Dynamics ◽  
Energy Principle ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Energy States

Characterizing anesthesia-induced alterations to brain network dynamics provides a powerful framework to understand the neural mechanisms of unconsciousness. To this end, increased attention has been directed at how anesthetic drugs alter the functional connectivity between brain regions as defined through neuroimaging. However, the effects of anesthesia on temporal dynamics at functional network scales is less well understood. Here, we examine such dynamics in view of the free-energy principle, which postulates that brain dynamics tend to promote lower energy (more organized) states. We specifically engaged the hypothesis that such low-energy states play an important role in maintaining conscious awareness. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed resting-state BOLD fMRI data from human volunteers during wakefulness and under sevoflurane general anesthesia. Our approach, which extends an idea previously used in the characterization of neuron-scale populations, involves thresholding the BOLD time series and using a normalized Hamiltonian energy function derived from the Ising model. Our major finding is that the brain spends significantly more time in lower energy states during eyes-closed wakefulness than during general anesthesia. This effect is especially pronounced in networks thought to be critical for maintaining awareness, suggesting a crucial cognitive role for both the structure and the dynamical landscape of these networks.

Observation by resonant tunneling of high-energy states in GaAs-Ga1−xAlxAs quantum wells

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 7368-7370 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Mendez ◽  
E. Calleja ◽  
C. E. T. Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
L. L. Chang ◽  
W. I. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Resonant Tunneling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy States

Phase-Selective Hydrothermal Preparation and Upconversion Luminescence of NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanataon Pornpatdetaudom ◽  
Karn Serivalsatit
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Upconversion Emission ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature

Upconversion luminescence materials have been proved to have a good efficiency on converting low energy light to high energy light. These materials have received considerable attentions for many applications such as bio-labels, sensors, using for developing solar cells and photocatalytic applications under sunlight. Among many inorganic host materials, NaYF4 has been proved to be the best for doping lanthanide ions and have a good upconversion emission due to its low phonon energy, chemical stability, and transparency in the near infrared to ultraviolet range. In this study, NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ upconversion luminescence materials were synthesized by hydrothermal method at temperature of 90 to 200 °C for period between 1 to 24 hours. The synthesized NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The hydrothermal temperature and reaction time have strongly influence on phases and upconversion emission of the synthesized NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+. At 90 °C for 1 hour of reaction time, the pure cubic phase of NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ was found. After increasing temperature and reaction time, the NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ converted from cubic phase to hexagonal phase. Under excitation of 980 nm diode laser, the hexagonal NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ exhibited the emission wavelength at about 656 nm (3F2 → 3H6), 469, 492, 552 nm (1G4 → 3H6), 537 nm (1D2 → 3H5), 450, 461 nm (1D2 → 3F4), 362 nm (1D2 → 3H6) and 345 nm (1I6 → 3F4). The upconversion emission intensity of the hexagonal NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ was much stronger, compared with that of the cubic NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+.

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