An Assessment Framework for Benefit Sharing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation within a Forest Policy Mix

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Yee Wong ◽  
Lasse Loft ◽  
Maria Brockhaus ◽  
Anastasia Lucy Yang ◽  
Thu Thuy Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Reduce Emissions

scholarly journals Challenges of Sharing REDD+ Benefits in the Amazon Region

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Raissa Guerra ◽  
Paulo Moutinho
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Main Challenge

The success of jurisdictional reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) initiatives is entirely dependent on how the REDD+ benefits are distributed among the stakeholders seeking to preserve the native vegetation and is considered one of the main challenges of REDD+. Among the existing benefit-sharing options, the adoption of the stock-and-flow approach to share REDD+ benefits has afforded fair jurisdictional systems in the states of Acre and Mato Grosso in the Brazilian Amazon. This innovative perspective is also the dividing line between inequitable and socially balanced jurisdictional REDD+ initiatives. However, these jurisdictions present challenges to fully implementing a robust benefit-sharing mechanism including the stock-and-flow approach and guaranteeing that resources will be accessible to the relevant beneficiaries. To better understand these challenges, we applied the Options Assessment Framework (OAF), a methodology proposed by the World Bank to evaluate the capacity to implement an effective benefit-sharing mechanism for REDD+, in Acre and Mato Grosso. The results indicated that these jurisdictions need to strengthen their conditions to guarantee the multi-faceted functionality of this mechanism and determine what aspects need more attention and where resources should be invested. Additionally, the results indicated that an equitable benefit-sharing mechanism is, by far, the main challenge faced by jurisdictions. Despite being a more evolved state in its REDD+ policies, Acre still needs to improve its institutional capacities, particularly in its local civil society organizations, to help communities access these benefits. The state of Mato Grosso, on the other hand, is still engaging in its REDD+ initiative and needs its institutional capacities to further mature to better organize its monitoring mechanisms and governance.

scholarly journals Pro-poor analysis of REDD+ activities in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Yucatán Peninsula ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Reference Tools ◽  
Cross Reference

REDD+ refers to the implementation of activities under the UNFCCC in developing tropical countries to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation and to promote the sustainable management of forests and the enhancement and conservation of forest carbon stocks. REDD+ will provide financing based on performance to countries reducing their greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. A great deal of concern has been raised by civil society about REDD+ regarding questions of equity and whether the benefits of this policy will be ‘pro-poor’. The objective of this study is to evaluate the potential for pro-poor REDD+ benefit sharing in the region known as Yucatan Peninsula (comprising the states of Campeche, Quintana Roo and Yucatan), considering the prevalent drivers of deforestation and forest degradation and the possible alternatives to address them, and assessing the impacts of each of these strategies on different local social groups. The analyses presented here consider the identification of local poorer groups and their prototypical involvement in the main drivers of emissions and potential engagement in REDD+ activities. The information can be used as “cross-reference” tools for the analysis and the design of pro-poor interventions that can be replicated and adapted to specific condition.

scholarly journals Understanding the demand for REDD+ credits

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY LAING ◽  
LUCA TASCHINI ◽  
CHARLES PALMER
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Policy Mix ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Voluntary Market ◽  
Conservation Organizations ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Missing Middle ◽  
Private Sector Engagement

SUMMARYReducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) has emerged as a potentially important component of the global policy mix to mitigate climate change. Against a background of increasing engagement between private sector entities and conservation organizations, private sector investment has emerged in REDD+. Despite slow developments at the international scale, there continues to be private sector interest in REDD+ and continued voluntary investments in REDD+ projects and initiatives. In order to better understand possible models for private sector engagement in REDD+, this study analysed the motivation of private sector stakeholders to engage in REDD+, the perception of the potential of REDD+, the critical obstacles to making REDD+ functional and how actors perceive themselves as part of future REDD+ scenarios. Based on interviews and a workshop with private sector actors, this study found that few expect a regulatory market for REDD+ to emerge and that credits from the voluntary market have to be tailored to specific needs. As a carbon offset, REDD+ provides insufficient motivation for investment, particularly if cheaper alternatives exist. Co-benefits such as biodiversity conservation and community development are more important when traditional corporate social responsibility motivations play a role. Project scale remains important not only for the fact that smaller projects are viewed as offering more visible benefits to stakeholders but also as a means of having more control over risks on the ground, posing a challenge for the design of jurisdictional REDD+. Moving towards supply chains that are free from deforestation offers an opportunity to tackle commodity-driven deforestation. While questions remain about how such an approach might be integrated into REDD+, it could help address a perceived gap between private sector understanding of the values of REDD+ and the risks associated with these values not arising – termed here as a ‘missing middle’.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRESIDENTIAL INSTRUCTION (INPRES) NO. 5/2019 IN ERADICATING THE PEATLAND FIRES IN THE KALIMANTAN REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230
Author(s):  
Syahrir Roni Geyasra ◽  
Renate Septiana Widiaputri ◽  
Sathya Reysha Wacanno
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Edward Iii ◽  
Reduce Emissions

The forest and peat permit moratorium is a policy aimed at improving and perfecting the ongoing management of forests and peatlands. The policy also aims to continue efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. This moratorium policy for forest and peat permits was created during the reign of former President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono in 2011 and is extended every two years. In 2019, the policy was ordered as permanent moratorium by President Joko Widodo and formulated in Presidential Instruction No. 5/2019. Since the implementation of the moratorium, there has been a decrease in the rate of deforestation of forests and peatlands in Indonesia. However, forest and land fires still occur, especially in the Kalimantan region. Even in 2019, significant forest and peatland fires have occurred in Kalimantan since a similar incident in 2015. The hotspots of these fires are scattered in various provinces in Kalimantan, disrupting public health due to the thick smoke generated. This study is analyzed using the Theory of Policy Implementation by George C. Edward III. Through policy research, this research is examined qualitatively to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of Presidential Instruction No. 5/2019 on the phenomenon of peatland fires in the Kalimantan region. The results of this study indicate that there are still weaknesses in implementing Presidential Instruction No. 5/2019 so that it is said to be less effective in eradicating forest and peatland governance.   Keywords: Effectiveness, Policy Implementation, Presidential Instruction, Peatland Fires

scholarly journals Deadlock or Transformational Change? Exploring Public Discourse on REDD+ Across Seven Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Di Gregorio ◽  
Maria Brockhaus ◽  
Tim Cronin ◽  
Efrian Muharrom ◽  
Sofi Mardiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Discourse ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Actors ◽  
The Media ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Reduce Emissions

This article investigates the public discourses on reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) across seven countries, to assess whether they support policy reforms. We argue that transformational discourses have at least one of these characteristics: they advocate specific policy reforms that address the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation; take into account the potential risks of a REDD+ mechanism; go beyond technocratic solutions to reduce emissions; and explicitly challenge existing power relations that support drivers of deforestation. The evidence indicates the predominance of win-win storylines, a lack of engagement by state actors with debates on the potential negative socioeconomic outcomes of REDD+, and little attention to the drivers of deforestation. The article concludes that to achieve a shift toward transformational public discourse, reformist policy actors and the media need to engage dominant policy actors in debates about how to reduce pressure on the forest.

scholarly journals Agricultural and Forest Land Use Potential for REDD+ among Smallholder Land Users in Rural Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divine O. Appiah ◽  
John T. Bugri ◽  
Eric K. Forkuo ◽  
Sampson Yamba
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Forestry Services ◽  
Change Mitigation

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation with other benefits (REDD+) mechanism is supposed to address the reversal of forest-based land degradation, conservation of existing carbon stocks, and enhancement of carbon sequestration. The Bosomtwe District is predominantly agrarian with potentials for climate change mitigation through REDD+ mechanism among smallholder farmers. The limited knowledge and practices of this strategy among farmers are limiting potentials of mitigating climate change. This paper assesses the REDD+ potentials among smallholder farmers in the district. Using a triangulation of quantitative and qualitative design, 152 farmer-respondents were purposively sampled and interviewed, using snowballing method from 12 communities. Quantitative data gathered were subjected to the tools of contingency and frequencies analysis, embedded in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v.16. The qualitative data were analyzed thematically. Results indicate that respondents have knowledge of REDD+ but not the intended benefit sharing regimes that can accrue to the smallholder farmers. Farmers’ willingness to practice REDD+ will be based on the motivation and incentive potentials of the strategies. The Forestry Services Division should promote the practice of REDD+ among smallholder farmers through education, to whip and sustain interest in the strategy.

scholarly journals Sustainable Forest Management, FLEGT, and REDD+: Exploring Interlinkages to Strengthen Forest Policy Coherence

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitagesu Tekle Tegegne ◽  
Mathias Cramm ◽  
Jo Van Brusselen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Policy Coherence ◽  
Forest Law ◽  
Verification Systems

Sustainable forest management (SFM) is a concept that guides forest management and policy globally. Over the past decades, two prominent regimes have emerged at the global level that can strengthen SFM: The European Union's Action Plan on Forest Law Enforcement, Governance, and Trade (FLEGT) and the United Nations’ mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). However, the understanding of how FLEGT and REDD+ can interlink with SFM to strengthen forest policy coherence is limited. Enhancing knowledge about interlinkages and synergies is important in view of recent global commitments to strengthen policy coherence. This study employed content analysis of the main global policy documents related to FLEGT and REDD+ to identify (i) the potential contributions of the two regimes to SFM, and (ii) strategies to manage the interlinkages among SFM, FLEGT, and REDD+. The results revealed several potential interlinkages, such as monitoring, reporting, and verification systems, establishing the enabling conditions of SFM, and addressing drivers of forest degradation. However, the interlinkages must be managed if their potential is to be realized. For this, the study proposes three approaches to managing the interlinkages and catalyzing progress toward SFM.

scholarly journals Flexible Options for Greenhouse Gas-Emitting Energy Producer

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Krasovskii ◽  
Nikolay Khabarov ◽  
Ruben Lubowski ◽  
Michael Obersteiner
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Forest Owner ◽  
Strike Price ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Climate Agreements ◽  
International Climate Agreements ◽  
The Future

The reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) constitutes part of the international climate agreements and contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals. This research is motivated by the risks associated with the future C O 2 price uncertainty in the context of the offsetting of carbon emissions by regulated entities. The research asked whether it is possible to reduce these financial risks. In this study, we consider the bilateral interaction of a REDD supplier and a greenhouse gas (GHG)-emitting energy producer in an incomplete emission offsets market. Within this setting, we explore an innovative financial instrument—flobsion—a flexible option with benefit-sharing. For the quantitative assessment, we used a research method based on a two-stage stochastic technological portfolio optimization model established in earlier studies. First, we obtain an important result that the availability of REDD offsets does not increase the optimal emissions of the electricity producer under any future C O 2 price realization. Moreover, addressing concerns about a possible “crowding–out” effect of REDD-based offsets, we demonstrate that the emissions and offsetting cost will decrease and increase, respectively. Second, we demonstrate the flexibility of the proposed instrument by analyzing flobsion contracts with respect to the benefit-sharing ratio and strike price within the risk-adjusted supply and demand framework. Finally, we perform a sensitivity analysis with respect to C O 2 price distributions and the opportunity costs of the forest owner supplying REDD offsets. Our results show that flobsion’s flexibility has advantages compared to a standard option, which can help GHG-emitting energy producers with managing their compliance risks, while at the same time facilitating the development of REDD programs. In this study we limited our analysis to the case of the same C O 2 price distributions foreseen by both parties; the flobsion pricing under asymmetric information could be considered in the future.

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