scholarly journals Interactive effects of pests increase seed yield

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2149-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Gagic ◽  
Laura GA Riggi ◽  
Barbara Ekbom ◽  
Gerard Malsher ◽  
Adrien Rusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Interactive Effects

Joint Effects of Acifluorfen Applications and Soybean Thrips (Sericothrips variabilis) Feeding on Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy M. Huckaba ◽  
Harold D. Coble ◽  
John W. Van Duyn
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Soybean Thrips

Field studies were conducted during 1983 and 1984 to determine the single and interactive effects of trifluralin, soybean thrips, and the sodium salt of acifluorfen on soybean. Increased soybean injury was observed in 1983 when acifluorfen at 0.6 kg ai/ha was applied to soybeans infested with soybean thrips versus plants where soybean thrips were controlled. Soybean injury measured by percent defoliation and visual injury ratings was reduced when thrips were controlled versus soybeans where thrips were not controlled with carbaryl at 0.9 kg ai/ha in 1983. Soybean thrips alone did not reduce soybean seed yield in this study. Acifluorfen reduced soybean photosynthetic rate, shoot weight, root weight, and seed yield. Trifluralin had no effect on soybean growth parameters measured in this study.

Canola, narrow-leafed lupin and wheat differ in growth response to low–moderate sodium on a potassium-deficient sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifu Ma ◽  
Richard Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
High K ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Low K

Although soil salinity and potassium (K) deficiency are widespread in agricultural lands, there is a paucity of knowledge about the interactive effects of sodium (Na) and K on the growth and yield of major grain crops. In pot experiments, we examined salt tolerance of canola (Brassica napus L.), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and crop K requirement under Na supply ranging from low to high. Plant growth and seed yield of all three crops were lower at 40 mg K/kg than at 100 mg K/kg soil. Although 100 mg Na/kg (4 dS/m in soil solution) had little effect on canola cv. Boomer and wheat cv. Wyalkatchem, the salt-treated narrow-leafed lupin cv. Mandelup died at 47 days after sowing, regardless of amount of soil K. In low-K soils, canola with 100 mg Na/kg and wheat with 50 mg Na/kg did not show K-deficiency symptoms and produced greater seed yield than plants with nil Na addition. At 100 mg K/kg, Na-induced reduction in growth and yield occurred only to plants with 200 mg Na/kg. However, at 160 mg K/kg, 200 mg Na/kg did not have an adverse effect. In canola and wheat, shoot K concentration increased and shoot Na concentration decreased with increasing amount of soil K; however, high soil K did not reduce shoot Na concentration in narrow-leafed lupin. The study showed that narrow-leafed lupin was very susceptible to salinity, whereas canola and wheat plants were relatively salt-tolerant. The stimulation of growth and yield in canola and wheat by low–moderate Na in low-K soils suggests partial K substitution by Na, and that adaptation of canola and wheat to salt-affected soils can be enhanced by high K supply.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Elevated Ozone and Temperature on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) under Field Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1803
Author(s):  
Kent Burkey ◽  
Ripley Tisdale ◽  
Richard Zobel ◽  
Samuel Ray ◽  
Walter Pursley
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Exposure System ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Yield Responses

Elevated ozone and rising temperature are both factors in climate change, but they are difficult to study in combination due to exposure system requirements. We developed and deployed an air exclusion exposure system to treat soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar “Jake” with season-long combinations of sub-ambient ozone (18 ppb, 12 h mean), elevated ozone (66 ppb, 12 h mean), and elevated temperature (+3.5 °C daytime, +2.4 °C nighttime) in irrigated field plots. Warming caused a shift in biomass partitioning from reproductive tissues into stems and petioles at mid-season that resulted in a significant 25% reduction in final seed yield and a significant reduction in harvest index. The elevated ozone treatment delayed mid-season biomass production, and final seed yield was reduced by a non-significant 2%. However, there were significant underlying effects of elevated ozone on seed production. The non-significant impact of ozone on seed yield of cultivar “Jake” resulted from significant increases in pod number (+16%) and seed number (+18%) that were offset by a significant reduction in seed size (−16%). No evidence of significant warming–ozone interactions was found in biomass or seed yield responses. In general, significant impacts of the individual warming or ozone treatments were found to be additive.

scholarly journals Impact of water stress under ambient and elevated carbon dioxide across three temperature regimes on soybean canopy gas exchange and productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shardendu K. Singh ◽  
Vangimalla R. Reddy ◽  
Mura Jyostna Devi ◽  
Dennis J. Timlin
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Temperature Regimes

AbstractThe present study investigated the interactive effects of three environmental stress factors elevated CO2, temperature, and drought stress on soybean growth and yield. Experiments were conducted in the sunlit, controlled environment Soil–Plant–Atmosphere–Research chambers under two-level of irrigation (WW-well water and WS-water stress-35%WW) and CO2 (aCO2-ambient 400 µmol mol−1 and eCO2-elevated 800 µmol mol−1) and each at the three day/night temperature regimes of 24/18 °C (MLT-moderately low), 28/22 °C (OT-optimum), and 32/26 °C (MHT-moderately high). Results showed the greatest negative impact of WS on plant traits such as canopy photosynthesis (PCnet), total dry weight (TDwt), and seed yield. The decreases in these traits under WS ranged between 40 and 70% averaged across temperature regimes with a greater detrimental impact in plants grown under aCO2 than eCO2. The MHT had an increased PCnet, TDwt, and seed yield primarily under eCO2, with a greater increase under WW than WS conditions. The eCO2 stimulated PCnet, TDwt, and seed yield more under WS than WW. For instance, on average across T regimes, eCO2 stimulated around 25% and 90% dry mass under WW and WS, respectively, relative to aCO2. Overall, eCO2 appears to benefit soybean productivity, at least partially, under WS and the moderately warmer temperature of this study.

scholarly journals Impact of Silicon Foliar in Some of Antioxidant Enzymes and Oil Yield in Safflower Cultivars Exposed to Drought Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sadeghi ◽  
Foroud Bazrafshan ◽  
Mahdi Zare ◽  
Omid Alizadeh ◽  
Bahram Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
And Function

Drought stress is considered as a main restriction to have the best potential crops performance in arid and semi-arid regions in the world. Hence, some mechanistic strategies are required to manage drought stress detrimental influences. Silicon as an essential mineral nutrient, plays an important role in physiology, metabolism, and function of crops exposed to drought stress. This study was carried out to evaluate the influences of various irrigation regimes and silicon foliar on three safflower cultivars to find the optimal irrigation level and silicon fertilizer. Three levels of irrigation (0, 2 and 4 times irrigation during growth) were main plots and sub plots were three silicon foliar levels (0, 1 and 2 mM) and three safflower cultivars (Goldasht, Padideh and Golmehr). This experiment was performed in Firouzabad city, Fars Province, Iran with latitude 28°51' N and longitude 52°36' E, during 2018 and 2019. Malondialdehyde content (MDA), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), oil yield, oil content and seed yield were measured on these cultivars. Interactive effects of irrigation, silicon and cultivars were significant (p<0.01) for MDA, APX, oil yield and oil content. Drought stress in the all safflower cultivars caused a decline in seed yield, oil content and oil yield. On the other hands, silicon was mediated to decrease effect of drought stress and increased amount of seed yield, oil content, oil yield, PPO and SOD. The highest seed and oil yield were observed in Goldasht cultivar under full irrigation and 2mM silicon. Thus, it can be suggested that 1 mM of silicon foliar may ameliorate the performance of safflower exposed to drought stress.

Interference Between Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), and Soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe E. Toler ◽  
J. Bradley Guice ◽  
Edward C. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Competitive relationships between johnsongrass, smooth pigweed, and soybean were examined in 1986 and 1987, and the adequacy of an additive response model (ARM) and product response model (PRM) in predicting yield reductions due to multispecies weed populations was assessed. A severe drought reduced soybean yields statewide in 1986, whereas ideal conditions for soybean production were experienced in 1987. Averaged over monospecific weed densities of 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants 4.6 m−1of row, smooth pigweed intercepted 2.5 and 1.8 times more light than johnsongrass in 1986 and 1987, respectively. In multispecies populations having either 4 or 8 smooth pigweed plants 4.6 m−1of row, light interception by johnsongrass was negligible. Averaged over monospecific weed densities, smooth pigweed produced 5160 and 1760 kg ha−1, while johnsongrass produced 1530 and 450 kg ha−1dry weight in 1986 and 1987, respectively. In multispecies populations, smooth pigweed contributed more than 80% of the total weed biomass. As monospecific johnsongrass density increased, reductions in soybean seed yield were linear, whereas exponential response patterns adequately characterized reductions in soybean seed yield due to smooth pigweed interference. Based on calibrated monospecific responses, the ARM and PRM generally projected higher soybean seed yield reductions for multispecies weed populations than were observed. When crop production conditions were favorable and competitive effects of weeds were low, both models adequately predicted soybean seed yield reductions. When dry conditions unfavorable for crop production existed, the PRM best accommodated the interactive effects between johnsongrass, smooth pigweed, and soybean.

scholarly journals Strip‐till, other management strategies, and their interactive effects on corn grain and soybean seed yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Derek J. Potratz ◽  
Spyridon Mourtzinis ◽  
John Gaska ◽  
Joseph Lauer ◽  
Francisco J. Arriaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Corn Grain

scholarly journals Computation of correlations of fortified vermicompost with sulphur on seed yield and nutrient content of mustard [Brassica juncea]

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 939-944
Author(s):  
Suman Parihar ◽  
P. R. Kameriya ◽  
Rakesh Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
P Content ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Synergistic Behavior

Effect of sulphur and fortified vermicompost on growth and yield of mustard [Brassica juncea] was carried out at College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner (Rajasthan) during rabi season: 2010-11. Sixteen treatment combinations comprising four levels of each sulphur and fortified vermicompost were evaluated. Grain yield (1993 kg ha-1) increased significantly (p < 0.05) up to 6.0 t vermicompost ha-1 along with 40 kg sulphur ha-1. As regards interactive effects of treatment, synergistic behavior was noted between 6.0 t vermi-compost ha-1 40 kg S ha-1 for seed yield, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents and also sulphur content and uptake by seed of mustard. The significantly higher P content in seed was recorded under 40 kg S ha-1 in combination with 4.0 t ha-1 vermicompost Combined effect of levels of vermicompost and sulphur on seed yield was found to be significant than control. The concomitant effect of 6.0 t vermicompost ha-1 and 40 kg S ha-1 application was found highly pronounced on seed yield and sulphur content in seed of mustard.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document