scholarly journals Strip‐till, other management strategies, and their interactive effects on corn grain and soybean seed yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Derek J. Potratz ◽  
Spyridon Mourtzinis ◽  
John Gaska ◽  
Joseph Lauer ◽  
Francisco J. Arriaga ◽  
...  
Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Boring ◽  
Kurt Thelen ◽  
James Board ◽  
Jason De Bruin ◽  
Chad Lee ◽  
...  

To determine if current university fertilizer rate and timing recommendations pose a limitation to high-yield corn (Zea mays subsp. mays) and soybean (Glycine max) production, this study compared annual Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) fertilizer applications to biennial fertilizer applications, applied at 1× and 2× recommended rates in corn–soybean rotations located in Minnesota (MN), Iowa (IA), Michigan (MI), Arkansas (AR), and Louisiana (LA). At locations with either soil test P or K in the sub-optimal range, corn grain yield was significantly increased with fertilizer application at five of sixteen site years, while soybean seed yield was significantly increased with fertilizer application at one of sixteen site years. At locations with both soil test P and K at optimal or greater levels, corn grain yield was significantly increased at three of thirteen site years and soybean seed yield significantly increased at one of fourteen site years when fertilizer was applied. Site soil test values were generally inversely related to the likelihood of a yield response from fertilizer application, which is consistent with yield response frequencies outlined in state fertilizer recommendations. Soybean yields were similar regardless if fertilizer was applied in the year of crop production or before the preceding corn crop. Based on the results of this work across the US and various yield potentials, it was confirmed that the practice of applying P and K fertilizers at recommended rates biennially prior to first year corn production in a corn–soybean rotation does not appear to be a yield limiting factor in modern, high management production systems.


Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 667-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy M. Huckaba ◽  
Harold D. Coble ◽  
John W. Van Duyn

Field studies were conducted during 1983 and 1984 to determine the single and interactive effects of trifluralin, soybean thrips, and the sodium salt of acifluorfen on soybean. Increased soybean injury was observed in 1983 when acifluorfen at 0.6 kg ai/ha was applied to soybeans infested with soybean thrips versus plants where soybean thrips were controlled. Soybean injury measured by percent defoliation and visual injury ratings was reduced when thrips were controlled versus soybeans where thrips were not controlled with carbaryl at 0.9 kg ai/ha in 1983. Soybean thrips alone did not reduce soybean seed yield in this study. Acifluorfen reduced soybean photosynthetic rate, shoot weight, root weight, and seed yield. Trifluralin had no effect on soybean growth parameters measured in this study.


Weed Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe E. Toler ◽  
J. Bradley Guice ◽  
Edward C. Murdock

Competitive relationships between johnsongrass, smooth pigweed, and soybean were examined in 1986 and 1987, and the adequacy of an additive response model (ARM) and product response model (PRM) in predicting yield reductions due to multispecies weed populations was assessed. A severe drought reduced soybean yields statewide in 1986, whereas ideal conditions for soybean production were experienced in 1987. Averaged over monospecific weed densities of 1, 2, 4, and 8 plants 4.6 m−1of row, smooth pigweed intercepted 2.5 and 1.8 times more light than johnsongrass in 1986 and 1987, respectively. In multispecies populations having either 4 or 8 smooth pigweed plants 4.6 m−1of row, light interception by johnsongrass was negligible. Averaged over monospecific weed densities, smooth pigweed produced 5160 and 1760 kg ha−1, while johnsongrass produced 1530 and 450 kg ha−1dry weight in 1986 and 1987, respectively. In multispecies populations, smooth pigweed contributed more than 80% of the total weed biomass. As monospecific johnsongrass density increased, reductions in soybean seed yield were linear, whereas exponential response patterns adequately characterized reductions in soybean seed yield due to smooth pigweed interference. Based on calibrated monospecific responses, the ARM and PRM generally projected higher soybean seed yield reductions for multispecies weed populations than were observed. When crop production conditions were favorable and competitive effects of weeds were low, both models adequately predicted soybean seed yield reductions. When dry conditions unfavorable for crop production existed, the PRM best accommodated the interactive effects between johnsongrass, smooth pigweed, and soybean.


Crop Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Gibson ◽  
R. E. Mullen

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Yun-Yin Feng ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Yi Jin ◽  
Feng-Min Li

Both water stress and P deficit limit soybean seed yield, but the effects of water regimes and P application rates, their interaction on P status, acquisition, and partitioning, and their roles in yield performance have not been well-studied. Two soybean genotypes (Huangsedadou (HD) and Zhonghuang 30 (ZH)) with contrasting seed yield and root dry weight (DW) were used to investigate the P status, P acquisition, P partitioning, and yield formation under two water regimes (well-watered (WW) and cyclic water stress (WS)) and three P rates (0 (P0), 60 (P60), and 120 (P120) mg P kg−1 dry soil). The results show that increased P and water supply increased the seed yield, shoot and root DW and P concentrations and accumulations in different organs. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher seed yield than HD at P60 and P120 under WS and at P0 under WW, but a lower seed yield at P60 and P120 under WW. Cultivar ZH had a significantly higher P harvest index and P acquisition efficiency, but a significantly lower shoot and root DW than HD. The interaction between water treatments and P rates had significant effects on leaf and stem P concentration. Cultivar ZH had significantly lower P partitioning to leaves and stems but significantly higher P partitioning to seeds than HD. The seed yield was positively correlated with leaf and seed P accumulations and P acquisition efficiency under WS. We conclude that (1) adequate water supply improved the P mobilization from leaves and stems at maturity, which may have improved the seed yield; and (2) the high P acquisition efficiency is coordination to high P partition to seeds to produce a high seed yield under water- and P-limited conditions.


Weed Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kent Harrison

Multiple regression and response surface plots were used to analyze the effects of common lambsquarters population density and interference duration on weed growth and soybean seed yield. Under favorable growing conditions in 1986, weed biomass production at all population densities and interference durations was four to five times that produced in 1987, under less favorable conditions. However, there was no significant treatment by year interaction for soybean seed yield reduction by common lambsquarters, and production of each kg/ha weed biomass resulted in an average soybean yield reduction of 0.26 kg/ha. Utilizing 5% yield loss as an arbitrary threshold level, the regression equation predicted a common lambsquarters density threshold of 2 plants/m of row for 5 weeks of interference after crop emergence and 1 plant/m of row for 7 weeks. Seed production by individual common lambsquarters plants was highly correlated (r=0.92) with weed dry weight, and seed production ranged from 30 000 to 176 000 seeds/plant.


Crop Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 2767-2773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winthrop B. Phippen ◽  
Mary E. Phippen

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar ◽  
Muhammad Ather Nadeem ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Amjed Ali ◽  
Nasir Iqbal ◽  
...  

Little is known about best herbicidal weed option for weed eradication in soybean in agro-climatic circumstances of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan. A two year field study was accomplished at College of Agriculture experimental site Sargodha in spring seasons of 2018 and 2019 to evaluate the efficacy of different herbicides adjacent to major weeds present in soybean. The study consisted of 8 herbicide treatments including two pre-emergence herbicides (pendimethalin at 489.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin + S-metolachlor at 731.1 g a.i. ha-1) which are applied immediately after sowing and six post-emergence herbicides (oxyfluorfen at 237.1 g a.i. ha-1, metribuzin at 518.7 g a.i. ha-1, quizalofop-p-ethyl at 148.2 g a.i. ha-1, acetochlor at 741 g a.i. ha-1, halosulfuron at 37 g a.i. ha-1and topramezone at 21.5 g a.iha-1) which were used 25 days subsequent to sowing. In contrast to control, all herbicides have shown significant decline in weed density (up to 94%) and dry weight (up to 88%); and caused significant increases in plant height (up to 85%), pod bearing branches (up to 77%), number of pods per plant (up to 83%), 100-seed weight (up to 37%) and seed yield (up to 160%) of soybean. Among herbicides, topramezone at 21.5 g a.i ha-1 gave significantly the highest (1234 and 1272 kg ha-1 in the year 2018 and 2019) seed yield of soybean and HEIs (1.28 and 1.03 in year 2018 and 2019, respectively). However, oxyfluorfen at 237.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin + S-metolachlor at 731.1 g a.i. ha-1, pendimethalin at 489.1 g a.i. ha-1, quizalofop-p-ethyl at 148.2 g a.i.ha-1 followed it. The regression analysis depicted a significant negative moderate relationship of soybean seed yield with weed dry weight (R2 = 0.7074), and pods per plant (R2 = 0.7012) was proved to be the main yield component responsible for higher yield of soybean.


Author(s):  
Fen Gao ◽  
Yuanhong Chen ◽  
SeaRa Lim ◽  
Allen Xue ◽  
Bao-Luo Ma

Effective nitrogen (N) management strategies are important for ensuring a balance between optimizing plant growth and minimizing disease damage. A field experiment was conducted for three years to (i) assess the effects of N fertilizer application on the growth and seed yield of canola, and severities of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), and (ii) determine a reasonable N-rate for optimizing plant growth and minimizing the loss from SSR in eastern Canada. The experiment was designed with factorial combinations of eight N treatments and two canola hybrids. All N-treatments reduced canola emergence with increasing preplant N application rates above 100 kg ha–1, but had a positive impact on plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and seed yield. The development of SSR showed differential responses to N application rates. Of all the treatments, the split application (50 kg N ha–1 at preplant plus 100 kg N ha–1 side-dressed at the 6-leaf stage) increased canola growth, and often produced the highest or similar seed yields to those of equivalent N rate applied as preplant. At the 150 kg ha–1 N rate, no severe development of SSR was observed in either preplant-only or split application. Overall, this study demonstrates that the split-N management strategy (50+100 kg ha–1) maintained a balance between enhancing plant growth and mitigating the negative impacts of SSR on canola.


Crop Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1988-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Orlowski ◽  
Bryson J. Haverkamp ◽  
Randall G. Laurenz ◽  
David. A. Marburger ◽  
Eric W. Wilson ◽  
...  

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