Essential Oils of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum and Their in Vitro Anti‐Arthritic Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Marrelli ◽  
Valentina Amodeo ◽  
Florinda Viscardi ◽  
Michele De Luca ◽  
Giancarlo Statti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

scholarly journals Chemical composition of essential oils from the apiaceae family, cytotoxicity, and their antifungal activity in vitro against candida species from oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Vieira ◽  
C. L. Gonçalves ◽  
J. P. V. Villarreal ◽  
V. M. Gonçalves ◽  
R. G. Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Main Components ◽  
L929 Mouse

Abstract The aims of this research were: evaluate the chemical composition and the cytotoxicity of the Cuminum cyminum (cumin), Anethum graveolens (dill), Pimpinella anisum (anise) and Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) essential oils, as well as their antifungal activity in vitro against ten Candida spp. isolates. The chemical composition of the oils was analyzed by means of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The cytotoxicity assays were performed, using the cell proliferation reagent WST-1 in L929 mouse fibroblasts (20x103 well-1). The determinate the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), was performed through the Broth Microdilution technique (CLSI). The chemical main components were the cuminaldehyde (32.66%) for cumin, carvone (34.89%) for the dill, trans-anethole (94.01%) for the anise and anethole (79.62%) for the fennel. Anise and fennel did not were cytotoxic in all the tested concentrations, however the cumin oil was cytotoxic in the concentration of 20 mg.mL-1 and the dill in the concentrations of 20 and 8 mg.mL-1. All yeasts were susceptible against the evaluated essential oils. Cumin presented the lowest MIC against yeasts. We concluded that all the essential oils presented inhibitory action against Candida spp., and C . cyminum, P. anisum and F. vulgare were not cytotoxic in the same minimum inhibitory concentrations for the fungi.

scholarly journals Effect ofCymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare, andTrachyspermum ammiEssential Oils on the Growth and Mycotoxins Production byAspergillusSpecies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negero Gemeda ◽  
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel ◽  
Daniel Asrat ◽  
Asfaw Debella
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity

This study was performed to investigate effect of essential oils onAspergillusspore germination, growth, and mycotoxin production.In vitroantifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activities ofCymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare,andTrachyspermum ammiessential oils were carried out on toxigenic strains ofAspergillusspecies. Plant materials were hydrodistilled for 4-5 h in Clevenger apparatus. 0.25 μL/mL, 0.5 μL/mL, 1 μL/mL, 2 μL/mL, and 4 μL/mL concentrations of each essential oil were prepared in 0.1% Tween 80 (V/V).T. ammioil showed highest antifungal activity. Absolute mycelial inhibition was recorded at 1 μL/mL by essential oils ofT. ammi. The oil also showed complete inhibition of spore germination at a concentration of 2 μL/mL. In addition,T. ammioil showed significant antiaflatoxigenic potency by totally inhibiting toxin production fromA. nigerandA. flavusat 0.5 and 0.75 μL/mL, respectively.C. martinii, F. vulgare,andT. ammioils as antifungals were found superior over synthetic preservative. Moreover, a concentration of 5336.297 μL/kg body weight was recorded for LC50 on mice indicating the low mammalian toxicity. In conclusion, the essential oils fromT. ammican be a potential source of safe natural food preservative for food commodities contamination byAspergillusspecies.

scholarly journals Effects of Four Essential Oils on Nutrients Digestibility of In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asih Kurniawati ◽  
Widodo Widodo ◽  
Wayan Tunas Artama ◽  
Lies Mira Yusiati
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Melaleuca Leucadendra

This research was done to study the effect of four essential oils (EOs), as feed additives, on ruminal nutrient digestibility in order to find out candidate of rumen modifier. Those four EOs were destilated from Foeniculum vulgare (Mill), Pinus merkusii (Jungh. & de Vriese), Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle and Melaleuca leucadendra (L.). Their effect on dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) digestibility were studied using in vitro rumen fermentation technique according to Theodorou method. Data were statistically analysed using analysis of variance factorial 4x5 design. Feed for fermentation substrate consist of Pennisetum purpureum, rice bran and wheat pollard. Essential oil individually was added and mix with substrate to meet the final concentration in fermentation media of 0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/l. P. merkusii, C. nardus and M. leucadendra EOs reduced DM, OM, and CF digestibilities. The decreasing were in line with the increasing of EOs doses. Therefore F. vulgare only reduced CF digestibility. The value of DM, OM and CP digestibilities in fermentation with F. vulgare did not differ from control. CP digestibility differed among EO treatments. In F. vulgare, and P. merkusii, treatments, CP digestibility did not differ from control, whereas overall CP digestibility in C. nardus tended to be higher than control and CP digestibility in M. leucadendra was significantly higher. All EOs addition reduced CF digestibility at all level. CF digestibility in fermentation added 800 mg/l of M. leucadendra EO was slumped to only 14.29% of control. Among four EOs M. leucadendra is the most potent on interrupt rumen feed fermentation whereas P. merkusii and C. nardus in moderate ways and F. vulgare in delicate manner.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils against Saprolegnia parasitica

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Basma Najar ◽  
Baldassare Fronte ◽  
Luisa Pistelli ◽  
Francesca Mancianti
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Saprolegnia Parasitica

Saprolegnia spp. water molds severely impact fish health in aquaculture, fish farms and hobby fish tanks colonizing mature and immature stages of fishes, as well as eggs. Considering that there are no drugs licensed for treating and/or control the organism, efficient and environmental low-impact methods to control these oomycetes in aquaculture are needed. The aim of the present report was to evaluate the in vitro sensitivity of Saprolegnia parasitica to essential oils (EOs) from Citrus aurantium L., Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau, Citrus limon Burm. f., Citrus paradisi Macfad, Citrus sinensis Osbeck, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Cymbopogon flexuosum (Nees ex Steud.) Watson, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Illicium verum Hook.f., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Origanum majorana L., Origanum vulgare L., Pelargonium graveolens L’Hér., Syzygium aromaticum Merr. & L.M.Perry, and Thymus vulgaris L., by microdilution test. The most effective EOs assayed were T. vulgaris and O. vulgare, followed by C. flexuosum, L. cubeba and C. bergamia. These EOs could be of interest for controlling Saprolegnia infections. Nevertheless, further safety studies are necessary to evaluate if these products could be dispersed in tank waters, or if their use should be limited to aquaculture supplies.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Twenty Commercially Available, Plant-Derived Essential Oils against Selected Dermatophyte Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Silvia Giovanelli ◽  
Luisa Pistelli ◽  
Linda Mugnaini ◽  
Greta Profili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Dermatophyte Species

The in vitro activity of twenty chemically defined essential oils (EOs) obtained from Boswellia sacra, Citrus bergamia, C. limon, C. medica, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eucalyptus globulus, Foeniculum vulgare, Helichrysum italicum, Illicium verum, Litsea cubeba, Mentha spicata, Myrtus communis, Ocimum basilicum, Origanum majorana, O. vulgare, Pelargonium graveolens, Rosmarinus officinalis, Santalum album, Satureja montana, and Thymus serpyllum was assayed against clinical animal isolates of Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. erinacei, T. terrestre and Microsporum gypseum, main causative agents of zoonotic and/or environmental dermatophytoses in humans. Single main components present in high amounts in such EOs were also tested. Different dermatophyte species showed remarkable differences in sensitivity. In general, more effective EOs were T. serpyllum (MIC range 0.025%-0.25%), O. vulgare (MIC range 0.025%-0.5%) and L. cubeba (MIC range 0.025%-1.5%). F. vulgare showed a moderate efficacy against geophilic species such as M. gypseum and T. terrestre. Among single main components tested, neral was the most active (MIC and MFC values ≤ 0.25%). The results of the present study seem to be promising for an in vivo use of some assayed EOs.

Susceptibility of Microsporum canis arthrospores to a mixture of chemically defined essential oils: a perspective for environmental decontamination

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Annamaria Tortorano ◽  
Linda Mugnaini ◽  
Greta Profili ◽  
Luisa Pistelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Microsporum Canis ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Litsea Cubeba ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The zoophilic dermatophyte Microsporum canis has cats as natural reservoir, but it is able to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, where different clinical features of the so-called ringworm dermatophytosis have been described. Human infections are increasingly been reported in Mediterranean countries. A reliable control program against M. canis infection in cats should include an antifungal treatment of both the infected animals and their living environment. In this article, a herbal mixture composed of chemically defined essential oils (EOs) of Litsea cubeba (1%), Illicium verum, Foeniculum vulgare, and Pelargonium graveolens (0.5% each) was formulated and its antifungal activity assessed against M. canis arthrospores which represent the infective environmental stage of M. canis. Single compounds present in higher amounts in the mixture were also separately tested in vitro. Litsea cubeba and P. graveolens EOs were most effective (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 0.5%), followed by EOs of I. verum (MIC 2%) and F. vulgare (MIC 2.5%). Minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) values were 0.75% (L. cubeba), 1.5% (P. graveolens), 2.5% (I. verum) and 3% (F. vulgare). MIC and MFC values of the mixture were 0.25% and 0.5%, respectively. The daily spray of the mixture (200 μL) directly onto infected hairs inhibited fungal growth from the fourth day onwards. The compounds present in higher amounts exhibited variable antimycotic activity, with MIC values ranging from >10% (limonene) to 0.1% (geranial and neral). Thus, the mixture showed a good antifungal activity against arthrospores present in infected hairs. These results are promising for a further application of the mixture as an alternative tool or as an adjuvant in the environmental control of feline microsporosis.

scholarly journals Antifungal properties of Foeniculum vulgare, Carum carvi and Eucalyptus sp. essential oils against Candida albicans strains

2013 ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelica Skrobonja ◽  
Dafina Delic ◽  
Maja Karaman ◽  
Milan Matavulj ◽  
Mirjana Bogavac
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Microdilution Method

Aromatic plants are among the most important sources of biologically active secondary metabolites, with high antimicrobal potential. This study was carried out to examine in vitro antifungal activity of Foeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae), Carum carvi (Apiaceae) and Eucalyptus sp.(Myrtaceae) essential oils against three Candida albicans strains of different origin (laboratory-CAL, human pulmonary-CAH and ATCC10231-CAR). The essential oils were screened on C. albicans using disc and well-diffusion and microdilution method, and compared to Nystatine and Fluconazole as standard anti-mycotics. The activity of tested oils was expressed by inhibition zone diameter (mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) (mg/ml). The results indicated that studied essential oils show antifungal activity against all three isolates of C. albicans. It was observed that each oil exhibits different degree of antifungal activity depending on the oil concentration applied as well as on analyzed strain of C. albicans. Carum carvi demonstrated the strongest antifungal effect to all tested strains, showing the lowest MIC values (0.03mg/ml for CAL, 0.06mg/ml for CAH, and 0.11mg/ml for CAR, respectively). Eucalyptus sp. exhibited the lowest antifungal activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.11 mg/ml for CAL to 0.45 mg/ml for both CAH and CAR.

scholarly journals Insecticidal Activity of Some Traditionally Used Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Sheep KedMelophagus ovinus

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negero Gemeda ◽  
Walelegn Mokonnen ◽  
Hirut Lemma ◽  
Ashenif Tadele ◽  
Kelbessa Urga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Antiparasitic Activity ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus

Twelve medicinal plants and a commercially used drug Ivermectin were examined for insecticidal activity againstMelophagus ovinussheep ked at different time intervals usingin vitroadult immersion test. The findings show that at 3.13 µL/mL, 6.25 µL/mL and 12.5 µL/mL concentration ofCymbopogon citratus,Foeniculum vulgareandEucalyptus globulusessential oils respectively, recorded 100% mortalities againstM. ovinuswithin 3 hour of exposure. Significantly higher insecticidal activity of essential oils was recorded (P=0.00) when compared to 10 μg/mL Ivermectin after 3-hour exposure ofM. ovinusat a concentration of ≥1.57 μL/mL, ≥3 μL/mL, and ≥12.7 μL/mL essential oils ofC. citratus,F. vulgare, andE. globulus, respectively. Among essential oils,C. citratushas showed superior potency at a three-hour exposure of the parasite (P=0.00) at a concentration of ≥0.78 μL/mL. Strong antiparasitic activity was recorded by aqueous extract ofCalpurnia aurea(80% mortality) at a concentration of 200 mg/mL within 24 h among aqueous extracts of 9 medicinal plants. The results indicated all the four medicinal plants, particularly those tested essential oils, can be considered as potential candidates for biocontrol ofM. ovinussheep ked.

scholarly journals Effect of Essential Oils on the Release of TNF-α and CCL2 by LPS-Stimulated THP‑1 Cells

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Maria Graça Miguel ◽  
Carina Isabel da Silva ◽  
Luana Farah ◽  
Fernão Castro Braga ◽  
Ana Cristina Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Acute Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Monocytic Leukemia ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Eucalyptus Viminalis ◽  
Tnf Α

Plants and their constituents have been used to treat diverse ailments since time immemorial. Many plants are used in diverse external and internal formulations (infusions, alcoholic extracts, essential oils (EOs), etc.) in the treatment of inflammation-associated diseases, such as those affecting the respiratory tract or causing gastrointestinal or joint problems, among others. To support the traditional uses of plant extracts, EOs have been assessed for their alleged anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of EOs on the release of cytokines and chemokines has been much less reported. Considering their traditional use and commercial relevance in Portugal and Angola, this study evaluated the effect of EOs on the in vitro inhibition of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1 cells). Twenty EOs extracted from eighteen species from seven families, namely from Amaranthaceae (Dysphania ambrosioides), Apiaceae (Foeniculum vulgare), Asteraceae (Brachylaena huillensis, Solidago virgaurea), Euphorbiaceae (Spirostachys africana), Lamiaceae (Lavandula luisieri, Mentha cervina, Origanum majorana, Satureja montana, Thymbra capitata, Thymus mastichina, Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis subsp. zygis), Myrtaceae (Eucalyptus globulus subsp. maidenii, Eucalyptus radiata, Eucalyptus viminalis) and Pinaceae (Pinus pinaster) were assayed for the release of CCL2 and TNF-α by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. B. huillensis, S. africana, S. montana, Th. mastichina and Th. vulgaris EOs showed toxicity to THP-1 cells, at the lowest concentration tested (10 μg/mL), using the tetrazolium dye assay. The most active EOs in reducing TNF-α release by LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells were those of T. capitata (51% inhibition at 20 μg/mL) and L. luisieri (15–23% inhibition at 30 μg/mL and 78–83% inhibition at 90 μg/mL). L. luisieri EO induced a concentration-dependent inhibition of CCL2 release by LPS‑stimulated THP-1 cells (23%, 54% and 82% inhibition at 10, 30 and 90 μg/mL, respectively). These EOs are potentially useful in the management of inflammatory diseases mediated by CCL2 and TNF‑α, such as atherosclerosis and arthritis.

Bioactivity of some Apiaceae essential oils and their constituents against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-416
Author(s):  
J. S. Rosa ◽  
L. Oliveira ◽  
R. M. O. F. Sousa ◽  
C. B. Escobar ◽  
M. Fernandes-Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Negative Impacts

AbstractSitophilus zeamais is a key pest of stored grains. Its control is made, usually, using synthetic insecticides, despite their negative impacts. Botanical insecticides with fumigant/repellent properties may offer an alternative solution. This work describes the effects of Anethum graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Foeniculum vulgare and Cuminum cyminum essential oils (EOs) and (S)-carvone, cuminaldehyde, estragole and (+)-fenchone towards adults of S. zeamais. Acute toxicity was assessed by fumigation and topical application. Repellence was evaluated by an area preference bioassay and two-choice test, using maize grains. LC50 determined by fumigation ranged from 51.8 to 535.8 mg L−1 air, with (S)-carvone being the most active. LD50 values for topical applications varied from 23 to 128 µg per adult for (S)-carvone > cuminaldehyde > A. graveolens > C. cyminum > P. crispum. All EOs/standard compounds reduced significantly the percentage of insects attracted to maize grains (65–80%) in the two-choice repellence test, whereas in the area preference bioassay RD50 varied from 1.4 to 45.2 µg cm−2, with cuminaldehyde, (S)-carvone and estragole being strongly repellents. Petroselinum crispum EO and cuminaldehyde affected the nutritional parameters relative growth rate, efficiency conversion index of ingested food and antifeeding effect, displaying antinutritional effects toward S. zeamais. In addition, P. crispum and C. cyminum EOs, as well as cuminaldehyde, showed the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 = 185, 235 and 214.5 µg mL−1, respectively). EOs/standard compounds exhibited acute toxicity, and some treatments showed antinutritional effects towards S. zeamais. Therefore, the tested plant products might be good candidates to be considered to prevent damages caused by this pest.

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