Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks: A new Evidence from Nigeria

The primary purpose of every business firm is to make a profit which is the economic performance in the Triple Bottom Line. However, a social and environmental performance which is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been argued to be very crucial for firms' sustainability. This argument has drawn the attention of researchers across the globe to various empirical studies which have produced confounding results. This study provides new evidence from Nigeria by disaggregating CSR into Community Development, Education and Health, and finding their effect on performance which is proxied by Return on Assets. The data were extracted from the audited annual reports of 12 Deposit Money Banks listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange for ten years, 2009-2008. The study found out that CSR on Community Developments has a positive and significant effect on financial performance. On the contrary, the study reveals that CSR on Education has an insignificant positive effect on financial performance, and CSR on Health has a negligible negative effect. The study recommends that management of Deposit money banks in Nigeria should not blindly engage in CSR activities, but should selectively select the CSR activities that can take care of all the stakeholders’ interest.

Determinants of demand for banking facilities a practical study of a sample of beneficiaries in DHI QAR governorate

Banking facilities are a very important function, as banking departments are concerned about the most important aspects of the recruitment of their funds and the main source of their revenues, The banks have been and continue to act as a financial intermediary between the audience of depositors and investors, they collect savings and guide them to different areas of investment, So we find it interested in the development of credit policies that take into account the achievement of the objectives of the bank and satisfy the requirements of customers and banking laws and legislation, From here, the research highlighted the most important factors affecting the demand for these facilities by applying to a sample of beneficiaries in Dhi Qar Governorate through the distribution of a questionnaire form designed for that purpose, The results of the study showed that the most important of these factors is the high interest rates and discount, which is an obstacle in the request for banking facilities, In light of these recommendations, the most important of which was the need to reconsider the interest rates and discount to encourage customers to request banking facilities and commensurate with the prevailing economic situation and investment opportunities available.

Determining fair remuneration based on human capital theory

The text of Determining fair remuneration based on human capital theory contains useful informations about measurability human capital that can be used for personal use in any case of employment in any country. the text contains the essence of fair remuneration, the formulas needed to create it, and 2 examples of their application.

The impact of information systems disclosures as a part of structural capital on banks’ profitably: a case study of Islamic banks in Jordan

Aim: This study aimed to show the impact of intellectual capital disclosures related to information systems (IS) on profitability of Islamic banks in Jordan for the years (2013-2017).Background: Accounting information systems spreading widely because of the speed and accuracy of these technologies in the completion of work. Thus, the study illustrates the impact of intellectual capital disclosures related to information systems (IS) on profitability.Methodology: To achieve study goals an analytic descriptive process was used depended on published data within annual financial reports to study society with sample size reached all Islamic banks in Jordan with (one sample T-Test) and (simple linear regression).Contribution: The study will be useful to under light the importance of intellectual capital disclosures in general and intellectual capital disclosures related to information systems (IS) and it is impact on profitability.Findings: The study is revealed that the most important outcome showed there is an impact of intellectual capital disclosure related to information systems (IS) as structural intellectual capital on profitability of Islamic banks in Jordan.Recommendations to Practitioners: The study recommended continuing and increase declaration about intellectual capital related to information systems.Recommendations to Researchers: The study recommended with necessity of doing extra studies about the same topic in different field(s).Impact to Society: Society will be recognized the importance of intellectual capital disclosures related to information systems (IS) and it is impact on profitability.

Socio-economic correlates of more than one personal account ownership in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana

Financial inclusion is seen as one of the major tools that can be used to oust poverty. Given this, several studies have been done to find out the kind of individuals who are likely to have indicators of financial inclusion such as ownership of savings accounts among others. However, it has been observed that certain individuals tend to have multiple savings accounts in which very little is known in the literature about the features of such individuals and why. This study therefore purposively sampled 200 adult respondents in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana with at least one account in any formal institution, in order to investigate the determinants of more than one or multiple personal financial accounts holding. The study employed the binary logit model as the empirical estimation technique. The study therefore found that, most respondents chose enjoyment of several benefits as the most important reason they own more than one personal account. From the regression estimates, the study revealed males, those aged 31-40 years, the employed, married, respondents with junior high school (J.H.S), senior high school (S.H.S) and tertiary levels of education to be more likely to own more than one personal account. The findings therefore fill a major gap in the financial inclusion literature and hence further reinforce the essence of socio-economic factors such as gender, age, education, employment, religion and marital status in the financial inclusion drive.

Analysis of the level of labor costs in polish enterprises

The article moves the issue of labor costs, their structure and impact on the company's operations based on Polish enterprises. The issue of labor costs has existed since time immemorial, because human work is inevitably connected with the development of civilization. The problem of rewarding therefore existed during the construction of the first pyramids, the first mass production of cars in the Henry Ford factory and today. A common feature of past and present times is the fact that the aim is to reduce the labor costs as much as possible while maintaining unchanged quality and productivity at work. The author draws attention to the complexity of the category of labor costs in modern enterprises and the difficulty in their optimization. On the basis of the analysis of the literature on the subject and legal acts, fundamental assumptions and components of labor costs were characterized. During the analysis, the conclusion was drawn that the need to reduce labor costs contributes to the emergence of new phenomena, including employee outsourcing, which may be the basis for further research into this category of costs.

Measurement of earnings management before and after applying IFRSS using jones' modified method an applied research in a sample of banks listed in the Iraqi stock exchange

In the year 2016, all commercial banks in Iraq were obliged to switch from the application of the local unified accounting system to the application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) to improve the quality of accounting information and make it relevant for decision-making. The objective of the research is to measure earnings management in a number of banks which applied IFRSs at the end of the financial year 2016 through their application on a sample of banks for the years (2012-2013, 2014, 2015, 2016). The results were compared with the measurement of earnings management under the application of the unified accounting system (before the adoption of IFRSs) and after the application of the (IFRSs). The researcher concluded that the percentage of earnings management in the years in which the banks applied the unified accounting system is very close to its percentage in the case of the application of IFRSs, which shows that the application of IFRSs did not change the percentage of earnings management in banks.

A regression error specification test (RESET) for the truncated regression model

While a variety of specification tests are routinely employed to test for misspecification in linear regression model, such tests and their applications to the truncated and censored regression models are uncommon. This paper develops a regression error specification test (RESET) for the truncated regression model as an extension of the popular RESET for the linear regression model (Ramsey (1969)). The two proposed extensions TRESET1 and TRESET2 developed in the paper are applied to labor force participation data from Mroz (1987). The paper studies the empirical size and power properties of the proposed tests via Monte Carlo experiments. Our simulation results suggest that both TRESET tests have reasonably good size and power properties for the truncated regression model in medium to large samples. However, TRESET2 consistently outperforms TRESET1 both in terms of empirical size and power in our experiments.

What characteristics of board of directors affect Indonesian bank performance?

The sustainability of a firm is determined by the effectiveness of its board of directors. Hambrick and Mason’s Upper Echelon theory states that management characteristics could predict organizational outcomes. This study examines the effects of the characteristics of board of directors on the performance of publicly-traded banks in Indonesia. The measures of board characteristics are educational attainment, presence of independent directors, employment of foreign directors, compensation of directors, and age of directors. Our 58 firm-year observations from 2014-2015 were analyzed using fixed effects model. We find evidence that bank profitability is (i) positively affected by doctorate education of board members and (ii) negatively affected by remuneration of top executives. Based on our findings, we would suggest corporations to: comply with governmental regulations regarding the employment of independent directors, align the interest between principals and agents to eliminate agency problem, and accommodate board members with scholarships designated for academic development.

The effects of fiscal operations on economic growth and stability in Nigeria: empirical evidence based on time series data

This study examines the effects of fiscal operations on the economic growth and stability with the view to identifying its significance on real output growth and sustainable development. The study utilises an annual time series data covering the period of 1980 to 2015 and further adopts an ARDL model for estimation. The estimated model is sub-divided into two: the Baseline model and the Alternative model. While the former measures the effects of economic growth, the latter accounts for the effects of economic stability. The ARDL Bound testing show the existence of long-run relationship among the examined variables in both the two models, with corresponding F-statistic values of 7.62 and 6.67, respectively. The overall results indicate that fiscal operations lead to economic growth as shown by the Baseline model; and it also leads to economic stability as revealed by the Alternative model. It can therefore be concluded that any meaningful spending with corresponding taxation will improve the public sector performance and produce a desirable outcome on output growth and strengthen the capability of fiscal operations in terms of economic management. There is an urgent need to ensure that appropriate fiscal operations are conducted and do not result in excess liquidity beyond the absorptive capacity of the economy.