Power Factor in Different Types of Transactions

The paper confirms that the factor of power matters, however differently in different types of – wholly or partly hierarchical – transactions. Such a factor is considered in connection to exchange transaction where traditionally matter bargaining power and market power: the first manifests itself in the process of transaction, the second relates to the market as an exchange medium; in both cases examples of mixing their effects are not unusual. In addition the factors of reputation and enforcement are considered: the first is associated with power of contragent, the second with the ability to enforce the contract.

Analysis of Credit and Investment Institutions for Smes

The article is devoted to a review of the main institutions operating in the market of credit and investment resources for Russian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The work revealed disproportionality in providing Russian SMEs with financing: the largest share falls on own funds and usury, banks account for up to 20%, other sources are insignificant). Meanwhile, abroad, this structure is more diverse and balanced. The possibilities of individual credit and investment institutions for providing small enterprises with borrowed funds are analyzed using the example of collective financing institutions (business angels, crowdfunding and crowdinvesting sites); specialized (leasing, factoring and microfinance organizations) and state organizations (JSC “SME Corporation”, regional guarantee organizations, JSC “SME Bank”), as well as venture and banking companies. Actual tendencies occurring in various markets of financial resources for small firms are noted, taking into account the quarantine-isolation measures of 2020.

Security as a Challenge to a New Stage in the Socio-Economic Development of Russis

The article presents the results of current research on the problems of changing conditions in modern labor markets due to the spread of digitalization processes in all spheres of the life of the state, society and people. The next cyclical stage in the development of the socio-economic space presents new special requirements for the competence of labor resources, as well as the growth of the level of security for all business entities.

Studying Influence of Time Preferences on Dynamics of Strategies of Oligopolists

The article is devoted to analysis of time preferences of oligopolists on the basis of dynamic games. Influence of discount-factor and of receding time planning horizon on dynamics of their key economic indicators is studied. Simple variant of predictive control principle along with Riccati equations is applied to the analysis of oligopolist’s strategies.

Ecosystems as Structural Entities of Bio- and Econo-Sphere

In a paper, features of business, or economic ecosystems, considered in relation to the ecosystems of bio-shere, with the usage of four-typed system language of description is analyzed. Such a tool of system interpretation, according to G.B.Kleiner, includes presentation of systems as objects, environments, processes and projects which in relation to social-economic ecosystems have connotation to organizations, infrastructural formations, business-processes and innovative projects. To characterize features of business-ecosystems, besides the four-typed system language, corresponding institutional notions are offered whose study is taken with the analogical system positions where institutions, according to B.H.Yerznkyan, are presented in a role of objects (players – economic agents), environments (market, firm or hybrid rules of the game), processes (the play of the game), projects (long-time norms of behavior). Features of different business-ecosystems with indication of dominated characteristics are analyzed which are as follows: innovation-oriented industrial clusters as objective (organizational) systems, technological platforms as environmental systems, networks or related by networking structures as processed systems and business-incubators as projective systems. In such context the ecosystem serves as an “umbrella” term to characterize the all of its types.

Concept of Smart City and Ict Risks

The article briefly analyzes trends in urban development. The definitions of «smart» cities are given; the features of a number of widely used ratings are analyzed. Development trends of the market of solutions for «smart» cities both in the world and in Russia are analyzed. Risks associated with the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) are discussed in detail, as well as still unresolved problems, which in the future may slow down the pace of implementation of «smart» cities projects

Correlation of Labor Productivity and GDP with the Unemployment Rate: Reflections, Formulas and Calculations

The paper describes an attempt to quantify the dependence of labor productivity in the national economy on the level of unemployment. The existence of a positive relationship between these indicators follows from general theoretical considerations. We considered the hypothesis that labor productivity is a power function of the capital ratio, adjusted for a multiplier, the value of which is determined by the level of unemployment and reflects the associated changes in the efficiency of capital use. Parameters of the corresponding regression equation built on the basis of the official Russian statistics for 1996-2018 years were determined. Based on the calculations, an approximate estimate of the impact of changes in labor productivity depending on fluctuations in the unemployment rate is given. In addition, we propose a modification of the Cobb-Douglas production function that follows from the considered labor efficiency model, which is also used for calculations.

The Religious Motivation in Economy as a Factor of Making the New Technological Structure (On the Example of Activity of the Boer’s Calvinist Bureaucracy (Part 1)

According to the institutional theory and the theory of long waves, as to RAS corr.-member V.E. Dementiev, the interdependence of development of the Dutch capitalism and Calvinism (or so called the Dutch reformed church) in Holland in 16th – 19th centuries and in the South Africa since the 17th century until today, including the apartheid’s period, is considered. It is studied the Anglo-Dutch and Dutch-Portuguese rivalry and cooperation, the international ties of the Dutch Calvinist bureaucracy, which could create the technologically and industrially developed regime. In details the activity of The Broederbond society and the methods of direct and indirect economic control, which it uses, is analyzed. In addition the conception of the compulsory market, which is described in the diary of the official of the Soviet Communist Party Central Committee A.Chernyaev, is studied. With using Max Weber’s information the interpretation of the covered meaning of the modern Midas list, the best deal makers in High-Tech Venture Capital, is proposed.

New View on the Architecture of the Capital Market

The paper is devoted to the study of the main results of introducing a new experimental business model in the securities market and its technological solutions. Identifies the main problems of the financial markets inherent in countries with transitional economies, taking into account the characteristics of the capital market of Armenia, the need, the solution of which determined the strategy for the development and implementation of innovative approaches. Describes the features of the functioning of the new online platform in details, through which individuals can directly open a securities account in the Central Depository of Armenia and conduct operations with securities without intermediaries using an intuitively user interface. Carries out statistical and comparative analyzes of investment preferences of Armenian citizens, exchange trading data, as well as investing activity of users of the online platform.