genetic equilibrium
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ZOOTEC ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Monika Kolompoy ◽  
Lucia J. Lambey ◽  
Umar Paputungan ◽  
E.S. Tangkere

THE DIVERSITY OF QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS IN   NATIVE    CHICKEN  AROUND MINAHASA.  This study aims to determine the diversity of qualitative characteristics in native chicken around Minahasa Regency. A total of 292 adult chickens were used as samples taken randomly and analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the phenotype frequency, color genotype and feather pattern were 0.000515. Trait frequencies of comb shape was 0.000458, cupping color was 0.9957, foot skin color was 0.9949, and spur shape was 0.000193. The degree of heterosigosity of qualitative characteristics of Kampung chickens in Minahasa on average was in the medium category (0.20) to high (0.50). The degree of heterosigosity of the phenotypic traits of native chicken in Minahasa indicated the relative low degree of inbreeding mating. Distribution of phenotypic inheritance of feather color, comb shape and shape of male foot spurs based on samples of native chicken populations were not in genetic equilibrium. The qualitative traits of native chickens in the Minahasa Regency showed a fairly high level of diversity. Key words: native chicken, qualitative characteristics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Firman Adam ◽  
Safriyanto Dako ◽  
Fahria Datau ◽  
Nibras Karnain Laya ◽  
Suparmin Fathan ◽  
...  

The purpose of this study was to determine the equilibrium of external genetic for the population of crossbreed chicken. Observations were made at the Poultry Production Unit Laboratory at Gorontalo State University. The focus was focused on the genetic equilibrium of the feathers covering the body, variations in coat color, calf color, and comb shape of the crossing population. Algebraic analysis (a + b = 1) was used to calculate phenotype frequencies, genes, and genes heterozygosity of feather color, feather pattern, shank color and comb shape for the cross chicken population. Analysis of genetic Equiblirium in the pattern of feather color, coat color, shank color, and comb shape in chicken populations was used the chi-square test. The genetic equilibrium for feather pattern can be achieved in the f2 generation. The f2 population found 3 feather color patterns: black, brown/light brown, and Columbia. Phenotype distribution; 9: 4: 3. The frequency of Genesis 0.157; 0.296; 0.546 and there was an increase in heterozygosity by 0.688 ± 0.121. The genetic equilibrium for comb shape is achieved in f1 and f2 generations. The genetic equilibrium for feather pattern can be achieved in the f2 generation.  The genetic equilibrium in cross-breed populations that have recessive/dominant homozygotes can be achieved in one generation while for cross-breeding chickens that have heterozygous properties, genetic equilibrium can be achieved in short generations if these traits are expressed evenly in the population.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Simone Camosso
Keyword(s):  

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Nordberg ◽  
Douglas M. Templeton ◽  
Ole Andersen ◽  
John H. Duffus

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Korwin-Kossakowska ◽  
Dorota Goluch ◽  
Wojciech Kapelański ◽  
Maria Bocian ◽  
Grażyna Sender

AbstractThe aim of the study was to find osteopontin gene (OPN) polymorphisms as potential mutations affecting the expression level of genes in the ovaries, uterus and oviduct of sows. The material consisted of 71 F1 sows (Polish Large White × Polish Landrace). In the first stage several polymorphisms in the promoter region, intron 6, exon 6 and 7 of the OPN gene were found. The parameters estimated were the frequency of alleles and genotypes, observed heterozygosity and gene diversity, PIC, and chi2 factors. Chi2 values allow for assessment of genetic equilibrium in the population. Thus, the loci OPNp3-4 and OPNe6-1 were in genetic disequilibrium while locus OPNe6-Knoll showed genetic equilibrium. Also real-time PCR analysis to determine the expression dynamics of the OPN gene in examined tissues was performed in relation to “housekeeping” genes. A comparison was made for relative expression in different tissues and different mutations. The highest expression pattern was observed in the oviduct. Based on the novel polymorphisms a significant correlation between the OPN genotype and OPN expression (mRNA) level in the ovary, oviduct, uterine body and uterine horn was observed. In the second stage, the levels of expression of the OPN gene in individual tissues, traits of reproductive performance and reproductive tract traits of sows were also compared. The expression levels in the uterine body and oviduct were related to the age of mating, cervical length, litter weight at birth, number of active nipples, age at slaughter and body weight at mating.


Author(s):  
M. Tracey ◽  
K. Balamurugan
Keyword(s):  

2012 ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier León ◽  
Fernando Rondón González ◽  
Clara Inés Vargas Castellanos ◽  
Myriam Oróstegui ◽  
Leonelo Bautista ◽  
...  

Introduction: In spite nearly 40% of the variability in blood pressure can be explained by genetic factors, the identifi­cation of genes associated to essential high blood pressure is difficult in populations where individuals have different genetic precedents; in these circumstances it is necessary to determinate whether the population is sub-structured because this can bias studies associated with this disease. Objectives: To determine the genetic structure of the population in Bucaramanga from genetic polymorphisms asso­ciated with the regulation of blood pressure: 448G>T, 679C>T y 1711C>T from the gene kinase 4 of the dopaminergic receptor linked to the protein G and Glu298Asp, -786T>C and the VNTR of the intron 4 of the gene of endothelial nitric oxide. Methodology: A sample of 552 unrelated individuals was studied through analysis of Restriction fragment length polymorphism. The allelic, haplotypic and genotypic frequencies were calculated, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was determined and a molecular analysis of variance was performed to determine the genetic structure. Results: 38 Haplotypes were identified, with GCCTG4b as the most frequent (21.2%). The most diverse polymorphism was 448G>T with a frequency of 49.9% for heterozygous. The six polymorphisms were found in genetic equilibrium and genetic structure of populations was not evidenced (FST = 0,0038). Conclusion: The population studied does not present a genetic sub-structure and the polymorphisms analyzed were found in genetic equilibrium, this indicates that the population mixes randomly and there are no sub-groups capable of affecting the results of the association studies


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