Effect of Hot Air, Microwave and Freeze Drying on Drying Characteristics of Button Mushroom Slices (Agaricus bisporus)

Aims: Button mushrooms, rich in vitamins and minerals, are very highly perishable and therefore, it has been very necessary to develop a value-added product. The aim of the research work is to study the effects of blanching on air-dried, microwave oven dried, and freeze dried mushroom samples and also to study the characterization of dried samples. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Agricultural and Bio-Engineering, Centurion University of Technology & Management, between February 2021 to June 2021 Methodology: Three different drying techniques like hot air, microwave, and freeze drying were taken to study the drying effect on dried mushroom slices. The quality parameters like dehydration and rehydration potential, density, ascorbic acid, color, and organoleptic properties were studied. Results: The rehydration ratio of freeze dried mushroom samples were high having low density than the other dried samples. Less color deterioration was also found in freeze drying. Moreover, ascorbic acid, color, texture, and overall acceptability of sensory analysis were found to be maximum in freeze dried samples. The freeze dried product was found to be attractive in flavour and texture and got highest score in sensory analysis. Conclusion: The freeze drying can be an effective drying method to dry fresh mushroom compared to hot air and microwave drying.

Delaminated layered rare-earth hydroxide composites with ortho-coumaric acid: color-tunable luminescence and blue emission due to energy transfer

LRH (R = Tb, Y) composites with ortho-coumaric acid and OS show color-tuning luminescence especially blue luminescence via energy transfer.

Study on Dyeing Properties of Acid Dyes for Different Tree Species

Use acid scarlet3R ,acid orangeⅡ,acid black ATT and black powder as pigment,prepare for Acid Color, choose four fast growing woods-Chinese fir, poplar, eucalyptus and rubber wood as research objects, study on dyeing properties and dyeing effects of acid dyes for different tree species. It is found, there are differences in staining effects for four fast growing woods. Attachment properties of dyestuff solution on Chinese fir is good, but dyes proportion is very poor; Attachment properties of dyestuff solution on poplar is good, but dyes proportion is very poor; Both attachment property of dyestuff solution and dyes proportion of eucalyptus are not good; Both attachment property of dyestuff solution and dyes proportion of rubber wood are good.

On the Chromophore of the Ninhydrin-Amino Acid Color Reaction

The long-wavelength absorption of the dye formed at the ninhydrin-amino acid color reaction is caused by the anion (enolate) of diketohydrindamine-diketohydrindylidene (Ruhemann’s purple). Using the results of quantum-chemical calculations (MNDO, PPP) the basic chromophoric system was identified as two coupled five-membered rings which have partial anti-aromatic character like the antiaromatic cyclopentadienyl cation.