Giving Penetrable Remote-Control Ability to Thermoresponsive Fibrous Composite Actuator with Fast Response Induced by Alternative Magnetic Field

An alternative magnetic field (AMF)-induced electrospun fibrous thermoresponsive composite actuator showing penetrable remote-control ability with fast response is shown here for the first time. The built-in heater of magnetothermal Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the actuator and the porous structure of the fibrous layer contribute to a fast actuation with a curvature of 0.4 mm−1 in 2 s. The higher loading amount of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and higher magnetic field strength result in a faster actuation. Interestingly, the composite actuator showed a similar actuation even when it was covered by a piece of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film, which shows a penetrable remote-control ability.

Performance of Recycled Concrete Made from Railway Sleeper: Experimental Study

Concrete railway sleeper has been used in Indonesia since about 1990�s. It has more advantage that is less maintenance, stabile, good quality, shapeable, onsite raw material, and higher loading ability [9-10, 20 - 22]. But It is prone to damage such as cracking and breaking during construction, so it is often thrown away as a solid waste that can contaminate the land and reduce soil fertility. Therefore, it should be utilized in order to be more useful that is used as recycle aggregate. The concrete waste that is taken from broken concrete railway sleeper will be crush as an aggregate as raw material in the concrete to substitute part or all of the normal concrete. It is called recycled aggregate and concrete that is made from recycled aggregate is called recycled concrete. Base on the testing of raw material, the recycled aggregate can be met to the specification as ASTM [1], so it can be used for concrete raw material. Recycled concrete compressive strength result lower the normal concrete compressive strength in the same initial strength design. The strength value of recycled concrete is decrease about 1 � 17% for 25 MPa and 10 � 18% for 30 MPa. It is also happened to tensile strength of recycled concrete that decrease about 2 � 13 % for 25 MPa and 7 � 22 % for 30 MPa.

Performance Evaluation of Local Material Rice Husk Ash Under Downhole Conditions with the Addition of Basic Oil Well Additives Antifoam, Fluid Loss, Dispersant and Retarder on Oil Well Cementing

The effect of RHA on Compressive Strength as well as other parameters like Consistency and Rheological properties etc. on Class G cement slurry is studied. The following additives were used; Rice Husk Ash (for Compressive Strength), Guinea Corn Husk Ash (Retarder) and other liquid additives which are fluid Loss Additive, Antifoam, Dispersant, Retarder and Water in the formulation of the cement slurry. This research is a comparative analysis based on experimental study on the effectiveness of the various additives on the cement slurry using pure Class G cement slurry combined with all liquid additives as a control. At a Bottomhole Circulating Temperature of 140°C, the Compressive Strength tests carried out on the slurry samples showed that the strength of the concrete increases as the concentration of the RHA increases with time of curing, also the compressive strength started to increase. The best Compressive Strength result was obtained with the percentages of cement replaced by 13.01% RHA. The strength showed impressive increase with time, with highest compressive strength encountered in 24 hours. The Thickening Time of the set Cement Slurry was considered using Class G cement and different percentage of RHA. The final Thickening Time decreases with increase in Rice Husk Ash. Decrease in the setting time was noticeable from 1.87 hrs (at 13.01% RHA) from 40bc to 100 bc. At BHST of 700°C increasing the ash concentration resulted in decrease in the Plastic Viscosities (PV) and increase in the Yield Points of the slurries. The results indicate that the slurries formulated using this ash has viscosities which are within the recommended values showing it is desirable to pump such slurry. For both 124°C and Bottom Hole Pressure of 7700psi the amount of fluid loss increases as the percentage of RHA added increases but it is below 50cp which is acceptable.

Effect of Following Physiotherapy on Strength and Range of Motion in Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Series

Introduction: The hip is a true ball-and-socket joint surrounded by powerful and well-balanced muscles, enabling a wide range of motion in several physical planes while also exhibiting remarkable stability. The vascular supply to the femoral head has been well studied due to the risk of vascular necrosis of the head when it is disrupted, particularly in fractures of the femoral neck or dislocation of the hip. Total hip arthroplasty (THR) is the surgical procedure of choice, because this treatment improves the patient’s quality of life and facilitates the patient’s return to activities of daily living (ADLs) and even to labor activities. Methodology: Total 5 patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty were taken. Patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in the Study. Informed and written Consent were taken. Physiotherapy treatment was given in form of ROM Exercise and Strengthening Exercise Twice a day for 5 days. Outcome Measures: Goniometer for ROM and MMT for Strength. Result: Pre and post intervention data was recorded with Goniometer and MMT. Significance was assessed at 5% level of significance. Significance improvement in ROM and Muscle strength of Hip, Knee and Ankle was noted. Conclusion: Study shows significance effect of following Physiotherapy on Strength and ROM in patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty. Key words: Total Hip Arthroplasty, THA, Post-op. Physiotherapy.

Acoustic Properties of Lightweight Foamed Concrete with Eggshell Waste as Partial Cement Replacement Material

Nowadays, almost every industry needs to undergo green and sustainable industrial revolution due to pollutions like waste dumping and noise that deteriorating the environment. Therefore, feasibility study on application of eggshell waste as partial cement replacement in lightweight foamed concrete was conducted by aiming to solve environmental and acoustical issues, i.e. reduce eggshell waste and improve acoustic properties. In this study, compressive strength and acoustic properties of 1300 kg m-3 lightweight foamed concrete with and without 5% eggshell powder as partial cement replacement material were tested. Optimal water to cement ratio of 0.6 was obtained for acoustic properties test by comparing compressive strength result. The result shows that application eggshell powder has generally reduced 7 days compressive strength but improved 28 days compressive strength, and either improve or maintain acoustics properties, in which lightweight foamed concrete that containing eggshell powder has improved noise reduction coefficient at testing ages of 7, 28, and 90 days and improved sound transmission class at testing age of 56 and 90 days. Based on these results, 5% of eggshell powder is feasible to be incorporated into lightweight foamed concrete as partial cement replacement material for sound insulation and strength development purposes.

Optimizing the Tensile Strength of Polystyrene Lightweight Concrete: A Panacea for Sustainable Housing Development in Developing Countries

The use of polystyrene beads in concrete applications has been limited due to its perceived low strength properties. Tensile strength test is an important test that determines the vulnerability of concrete to tensile cracking due to the weight of the structural load. Water, sand, coarse aggregates, expanded polystyrene beads, and ordinary Portland cement are the materials used for this study. All the materials were batched according to their weight, except for polystyrene and coarse aggregates which were batched in volume after mixing them together. The polystyrene partial replacement level was considered at 12% of the coarse aggregate volume. The model equation adopted for this study was based on Scheffe’s {4, 2} simplex lattice design for both Pseudo component and component proportional models. The actual model was developed from the 28th day test result. The Mathlab and Minitab 16 software were used in this study to generate the actual mix ratios. The results obtained showed that both Pseudo component and component proportional models both produced an average split tensile strength of about 5.10N/mm2. This implied that the results of this study produced a split tensile strength result that varied between 18% - 19% of its compressive strength result. This showed that the materials and the mix ratios optimized in this study are suitable as building blocks for residential low rising buildings and as partition slaps for high rising buildings. The lightweight property makes it highly suitable for large scale application in high rising structures as internal partition slaps only.

Analysis of Nanoprecipitation Effect on Toughness Behavior in Warm Worked AA7050 Alloy

Commonly adopted main methods aimed to improve the strength–toughness combination of high strength aluminum alloys are based on a standard process. Such a process includes alloy solution heat treatment, water-quench and reheating at controlled temperature for ageing holding times. Some alloys request an intermediate cold working hardening step before ageing for an optimum strength result. Recently a warm working step has been proposed and applied. This replaces the cold working after solution treatment and quenching and before the final ageing treatment. Such an alternative process proved to be very effective in improving strength–toughness behavior of 7XXX aluminum alloys. In this paper the precipitation state following this promising process is analyzed and compared to that of the standard route. The results put in evidence the differences in nanoprecipitation densities that are claimed to be responsible for strength and toughness improved properties.

Swelling, Tensile and Thermal Behaviors of Citric Acid Crosslinked Tapioca Starch/Cellulose Biocomposite Films

The biocomposite films were prepared using a solution casting method and allowed to dry in the oven of 50°C. The cellulose used in this research was extracted from the rice straw. The biocomposite films firstly were prepared without crosslinker with various cellulose content; 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, 0.8g, and 1.0g wt%. Based on the tensile strength result, 0.6g of cellulose is an optimum amount to prepare the biocomposite films with various amounts of crosslinker; 1g, 2g, 3g, 4g, and 5g. The tapioca starch/cellulose biocomposite films crosslinked with lemon juices have higher tensile strength (16MPa) and lower in swelling percentage (3.32%) compared to the biocomposite films crosslinked with key lime juice (5.44%). The thermal behavior was studied based on the Differential Scanning Calorimetry test shows the biocomposite film that highly crosslinked needs higher energy during their phase change. The energy liberated in the tapioca starch/cellulose biocomposite film with key lime juice as crosslinker is 201.6 J/g while that of biocomposite film with lemon juice as crosslinker is 383.0 J/g.

Performance Assessment of Ship Hull Metal in Seawater Media

This research was undertaken to determine the effects of corrosion on material performance using mild steel and Aluminum as selected material in seawater media. The result from the experiment showed higher corrosion rate in uncoated mild steel coupon as higher corrosion rate ranges from 0.0494 mmpy, 0.0565 mmpy, and 0.0656 mmpy was evident, while a reduction in corrosion rate from 0.0369mmpy, 0.0432 mmpy and 0.0452mmpy was observed in the fourth week, fifth week and sixth week. Corrosion rate for coated mild steel ranges from 0.0396 mmpy in the first week and reduces to 0.0333 mmpy and continually reduces to 0.0206 mmpy in the sixth week. From the hardness testing device using MITECH 320, uncoated Mild steel metal specimen gave an average Brinell hardness reading of 112 before immersion and 105 after immersion to seawater. Also, the tensile strength of the uncoated mild steel specimen deteriorated from 414 Mpa before immersion to 403Mpa after immersion to seawater media. Also, uncoated Aluminum specimen gave a brinell average reading of 163 before immersion and 152 after immersion to the seawater media. Likewise, the tensile strength result of the aluminum specimen gave 776M pa before immersion and 744 Mpa after immersion to the seawater media. The overall result from weight loss technique and metal hardness using MITECH 320 showed aluminum metal is more resistive to corrosion attack.

Tests of Concrete Strength across the Thickness of Industrial Floor Using the Ultrasonic Method with Exponential Spot Heads

The accepted methods for testing concrete are not favorable for determining its heterogeneity. The interpretation of the compressive strength result as a product of destructive force and cross-section area is burdened with significant understatements. It is assumed erroneously that this is the lowest value of strength at the height of the tested sample. The top layer of concrete floors often crumble, and the strength tested using sclerometric methods does not confirm the concrete class determined using control samples. That is why it is important to test the distribution of compressive strength in a cross-section of concrete industrial floors with special attention to surface top layers. In this study, we present strength tests of borehole material taken from industrial floors using the ultrasonic method with exponential spot heads with a contact surface area of 0.8 mm2 and a frequency of 40 kHz. The presented research project anticipated the determination of strength for samples in various cross-sections at the height of elements and destructive strength in the strength testing machine. It was confirmed that for standard and big borehole samples, it is not possible to test the strength of concrete in the top layer of the floor by destructive methods. This can be done using the ultrasonic method. After the analysis, certain types of distributions of strength across concrete floor thickness were chosen from the completed research program. The gradient and anti-gradient of strength were proposed as the new parameters for the evaluation of floor concrete quality.