Flux Decline Study of Tubular Ceramic and Flat Sheet UF Membranes in Textile Wastewater Treatment

This work gives an assessment of the application of two ultrafiltration membrane types, which are the same in pore size but different in chemistry and configuration module, for textile wastewater treatment. Characterization was based on the solute rejection data of two commercial membranes, flat sheet polyethersulfone (PES) and tubular multichannel<br /> ceramic membrane, and flux decline was provided using polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions of different molar mass. The permeate flux recovery after chemical cleaning was evaluated, and the efficiency of wastewater treatment was estimated on the basis of the analysis of textile wastewater and permeate. The permeate flux decline study showed that fouling was less likely to occur when PES membrane was used for wastewater treatment. PES flat membrane has proven to be more effective in the treatment of wastewater with total organic carbon (TOC) and colour removal efficiency of 72 % and 85 % respectively.

The Design of the Online Collaborative Music Production System

This paper designed an online collaborative music production system using CSCW theories,provides an available platform for multi-user online collaborative music project production.The system uses a C/S model.This paper made ​​a detailed presentation on workflow, system configuration, module design and measured the system.

Monitoring Software of the Nano-Positioning Control System

In order to realize the functions such as the real-time monitoring of running status, the system performance analysis and the parameter optimization set and download, this paper designed the monitoring software of the nanopositioning control system. The unified modeling language was adopted to analyse and design the monitoring software modularly, and the software consisted of the USB communication module, the performance analysis module, the displacement module, the calibration analysis module and the parameters configuration module. Through testing the control system, the experimental results showed that the monitoring software is reliable and stable, and add multiple analysis functions. It is operated conveniently and meet the users needs.

A Path Toward the Aerodynamic Robust Design of Low Pressure Turbines

Airline companies are continuously demanding lower-fuel-consuming engines and this leads to investigating innovative configurations and to further improving single module performance. In this framework the low pressure turbine (LPT) is known to be a key component since it has a major effect on specific fuel consumption (SFC). Modern aerodynamic design of LPTs for civil aircraft engines has reached high levels of quality, but new engine data, after first engine tests, often cannot achieve the expected performance. Further work on the modules is usually required, with additional costs and time spent to reach the quality level needed to enter into service. The reported study is aimed at understanding some of the causes for this deficit and how to solve some of the highlighted problems. In a real engine, the LPT module works under conditions which differ from those described in the analyzed numerical model: the definition of the geometry cannot be so accurate, a priori unknown values for boundary conditions data are often assumed, complex physical phenomena are seldom taken into account, and operating cycle may differ from the design intent due to a nonoptimal coupling with other engine components. Moreover, variations are present among different engines of the same family, manufacturing defects increase the uncertainty and, finally, deterioration of the components occurs during service. Research projects and several studies carried out by the authors lead to the conclusion that being able to design a module whose performance is less sensitive to variations (robust LPT) brings advantages not only when the engine performs under strong off-design conditions but also, due to the abovementioned unknowns, near the design point as well. Concept and preliminary design phases are herein considered, highlighting the results arising from sensibility studies and their impact on the final designed robust configuration. Module performance is afterward estimated using a statistical approach.

A Path Towards the Aerodynamic Robust Design of Low Pressure Turbines

Airline companies are continuously demanding lower-fuel-consuming engines and this leads to investigating innovative configurations and to further improving single module performance. In this framework the Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) is known to be a key component since it has a major effect on specific fuel consumption (SFC). Modern aerodynamic design of LPTs for civil aircraft engines has reached high levels of quality, but new engine data, after first engine tests, often cannot achieve the expected performance. Further work on the modules is usually required, with additional costs and time spent to reach the quality level needed to enter in service. The reported study is aimed at understanding some of the causes for this deficit and how to solve some of the highlighted problems. In a real engine, the LPT module works under conditions which differ from those described in the analyzed numerical model: the definition of the geometry cannot be so accurate, a priori unknown values for boundary conditions data are often assumed, complex physical phenomena are seldom taken into account, operating cycle may differ from the design intent due to a non-optimal coupling with other engine components. Moreover, variations are present among different engines of the same family, manufacturing defects increase the uncertainty and, finally, deterioration of the components occurs during service. Research projects and several studies carried out by the authors lead to the conclusion that being able to design a module whose performance is less sensitive to variations (Robust LPT) brings advantages not only when the engine performs under strong off-design conditions but also, due to the abovementioned unknowns, near the design point as well. Concept and Preliminary Design phases are herein considered, highlighting the results arising from sensibility studies and their impact on the final designed robust configuration. Module performance is afterward estimated using a statistical approach.

An Intelligent Monitoring System Using a ZigBee-Base Sensor Network

This paper presents an intelligent monitoring system based on a ZigBee-base wireless sensor network. The proposed system includes a sensor network configuration module, an expert system shell, and an event-condition-action (ECA) engine. The sensor network configuration module is used to configure the working properties of the ZigBee components and set up the monitoring network. The expert system shell enables users to define the related events occurred at system running, the threshold of working conditions for triggering the corresponding events, and the required commands for fitting the system. The ECA engine is used to monitor the system and provide a suitable command for system fitting in a specified event being fired. The proposed system enables user to quickly establish a wireless sensor network system without well-experienced knowledge about the wireless sensor network and the expert system.